LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS xiii 



FIGURE ?A - Z 



25. Head pruning : fan-shaped head ; fruit canes tied to horizontal 



trellis 156 



_ -ingle vertical cordon with fruit-spurs 157 



27. Unilateral horizontal cordon with fruit-spurs .... 158 



28. Three-year-old vine ready for pruning 169 



29. Vine of Fig. 28 after pruning for vase-formed head . . . 169 



30. Three-year-old vines : A, pruned for a vase-formed, and B, for 



a fan-shaped head 170 



31. Four-year-old vine pruned for vase-formed head . . . 171 



32. Four-year-old vine pruned for high vase-formed head . . 172 



33. Fan-shaped vines : A, before pruning ; B, after pruning . . 173 



34. Vertical cordon, young vine pruned 176 



35. Unilateral horizontal cordon with half-long pruning . . . 177 



36. Leaf-galls of the phylloxera 205 



37. The grape root-worm 207 



38. Root-worm beetle 207 



39. Injuries caused by beetles of the grape root-worm . . . 207 



40. Eggs of grape-vine flea-beetle 209 



41. First four stages of the grape leaf-hopper 212 



42. The fifth and the mature stages of the grape leaf -hopper . . 212 



43. A bunch of grapes despoiled by the grape-berry moth . . , 214 



44. Work of black-rot of the grape 219 



45. Grapes attacked by downy-mildew 221 



46. Packing grapes on a packing-table 234 



47. Climax baskets in two sues 236 



48. William Robert Prince 274 



49. E. S. Rogers 275 



50. T. V. Munson 277 



51. Staminate and perfect flower clusters on one vine . . . 285 



52. Ringing grape-vines ; showing tools for ringing and ringed 



vines *.... 292 



53. A grape flower ; showing the opening cap and stamens . . 305 



54. Grape flowers; showing upright and depressed stamens . . 306 



