346 MANUAL OF AMERICAN GRAPE-GROWING 



Catawba seem readily transmissible to its offspring and, besides 

 having a number of pure-bred descendants which more or less 

 resemble it, it is a parent of a still greater number of cross- 

 breeds. As with Catawba, most of its progeny show Vinifera 

 characters, as intermittent tendrils, Vinifera color of foliage, 

 a vinous flavor wholly or nearly free from foxiness, and the 

 susceptibilities of Labrusca-Vinifera hybrids to certain diseases 

 and insects. Catawba w^as introduced by John Adlum, Dis- 

 trict of Columbia, about 1823. Adlum secured cuttings from 

 a Mrs. Scholl, Clarksburgh, Montgomery County, Maryland, 

 in the spring of 1819. Its further history is not known. 



Vine vigorous, hardy, productive. Canes numerous, thick, dark 

 brown ; nodes enlarged ; tendrils continuous, bifid or trifid. Leaves 

 large ; upper surface light green, dull, smooth ; lower surface grayish- 

 white, heavily pubescent ; lobes sometimes three, terminal one acute ; 

 petiolar sinus deep, narrow; basal sinus often lacking; lateral sinus 

 narrow; teeth shallow, narrow. Flowers self -fertile, open late, 

 stamens upright. 



Fruit late, keeps well. Clusters large, long, broad, tapering, single- 

 or sometimes double-shouldered, loose ; pedicel with a few incon- 

 spicuous warts ; brush short, pale green. Berries of medium size, 

 oval, dull purplish-red with thick bloom, firm ; skin thick, adherent, 

 astringent ; flesh green, translucent, juicy, fine-grained, vinous, 

 sprightly, sweet and rich ; very good. Seeds free, frequently abortive, 

 two, broad-necked, distinctly notched, blunt, brown. 



CHAMPION 



(Labrusca) 

 Beaconsfield, Early Champion, Taiwan's Seedling 



Champion is a favorite early grape with some growers, al- 

 though the poor quality of the fruit should have driven it from 

 cultivation long ago. The characters which have kept it in 

 the market are earliness, good shipping qualities, attractive 

 appearance of fruit, and a vigorous, productive, hardy vine. 

 The hardiness of the vine and the short season of fruit develop- 



