376 MANUAL OF AMERICAN GRAPE-GROWING 



in fruit characters, but Gaertner is of distinctly better quality 

 than Massasoit. The variety originated with E. S. Rogers, 

 Salem, Massachusetts. It was first mentioned about 1865. 



Vine vigorous, hardy except in severe winters, productive. Canes 

 long, dark reddish-brown, surface covered with thin bloom ; tendrils 

 continuous, bifid or trifid. Leaves medium in size, round ; upper 

 surface dark green ; lower surface pale green, pubescent. Flowers self- 

 sterile, open late ; stamens refiexed. 



Fruit mid-season, matures unevenly, keeps only fairly well. 

 Clusters medium in size, short, cylindrical, usually with a single 

 shoulder but sometimes double-shouldered, loose with many abortive 

 fruits. Berries large, round-oval, light to dark red, glossy, covered 

 with bloom, persistent ; skin thin, tender ; flesh pale green, juicy, 

 fine-grained, tough, stringy, agreeably vinous; good to very good. 

 Seeds free, large, broad, distinctly notched, brown. 



GENEVA 



(Vinifera, Labrusca) 



Geneva is surpassed by so many other grapes of its season in 

 quality that it has never become popular, although it has much 

 to recommend it. The vine is vigorous and productive, al- 

 though not quite hardy, and the berries and clusters are attrac- 

 tive ; the fruit is nearly transparent and there is so little bloom 

 that the grapes are a lustrous green or iridescent in sunlight ; the 

 berries cling well to the stem and the fruit keeps exceptionally 

 well. Geneva originated with Jacob Moore, Brighton, New 

 York, from seed planted in 1874 from a hybrid vine fertilized 

 by lona. 



Vine vigorous, healthy, productive. Canes covered with thin 

 bloom ; tendrils intermittent or continuous, bifid or trifid. Leaves 

 medium in size ; upper surface light green, dull ; lower surface gray- 

 ish-white, pubescent; lobes three to five, acute; petiolar sinus, 

 shallow, wide ; teeth shallow, narrow. Flowers self-sterile or partly 

 fertile, open late ; stamens upright. 



Fruit mid-season, ships well and keeps into the winter. Clusters 

 large, blunt at the ends, usually not shouldered, with many abortive 

 fruits ; pedicel long, slender, smooth ; brush long, green. Berries 

 large, oval, dull green changing to a faint yellow with thin bloom ; 



