VARIETIES OF GRAPES 407 



Vine vigorous, hardy, productive. Canes very long, dark reddish- 

 brown, covered with bloom ; nodes enlarged, flattened ; internodes 

 very long; tendrils continuous, sometimes intermittent, long, bifid. 

 Leaves very large ; upper surface dark green, glossy ; lower surface 

 pale green, smooth ; leaf entire, terminus acuminate ; petiolar sinus 

 very deep, narrow, often closed and overlapping ; basal and lateral 

 sinuses usually lacking ; teeth shallow, wide. Flowers self-sterile, 

 open very early ; stamens reflexed. 



Fruit mid-season, keeps well. Clusters medium in size, short, 

 slender, cylindrical, single-shouldered, compact ; pedicel short, slender 

 with a few inconspicuous warts ; brush very short, wine-colored. 

 Berries small, round, black, glossy with heavy bloom, persistent, firm ; 

 skin thin, tough, adherent with much wine-colored pigment, astrin- 

 gent ; flesh dark green, translucent, juicy, fine-grained, tough, sprightly, 

 spicy, tart ; fair in quality. Seeds adherent, one to five, medium in 

 size, broad, short, very plump, brown. 



MARTHA 



(Labrusca, Vinifera) 



Martha was at one time a popular green grape, but the 

 introduction of superior varieties has reduced its popularity 

 until now it is but little grown. It is a seedling of Concord 

 and resembles its parent, differing chiefly as follows : fruit 

 green, a week earlier, bunch and berry smaller, flavor far 

 better, being sweeter, more delicate and less foxy. The vine 

 of Martha is a lighter shade of green, is less robust, and the 

 blossoms open a few days earlier than those of Concord. One 

 of the defects of Martha, and the chief cause of its going out 

 of favor, is that it does not keep nor ship well. The variety 

 is still being planted in the South but is generally abandoned 

 in the North. Samuel Miller, Calmdale, Pennsylvania, grew 

 Martha from seed of Concord ; it was introduced about 1868. 



Vine hardy, productive, susceptible to attacks of mildew. Canes 

 long, dark reddish-brown, surface with thin bloom, roughened ; nodes 

 enlarged, slightly flattened ; tendrils continuous, or intermittent, bifid. 

 Leaves large, thick ; upper surface light green ; lower surface light 



