446 MANUAL OF AMERICAN GRAPE-GROWING 



brown spots, thin, tender, slightly astringent ; flesh green, translucent, 

 juicy, tender, fine-grained, sweet ; very good to best. Seeds free, one 

 to four, small, plump, wide and long, blunt, brown. 



WOODRUFF 

 (Labrusca, Vinifera?) 



Woodruff is a handsome, showy, brick-red grape with large 

 clusters and berries, but its taste belies its looks, for the flesh 

 is coarse and the flavor poor. The variety would not be worth 

 attention were it not for its excellent vine characters; the 

 vines are hardy, productive and healthy. The grapes ripen a 

 little before Concord and come on the market at a favorable 

 time, especially for a red grape. Woodruff originated from C. 

 H. Woodruff, Ann Arbor, Michigan, as a chance seedling which 

 came up in 1874 and fruited first in 1877. 



Vine very vigorous, hardy. Canes dark brown ; nodes enlarged, 

 flattened ; tendrils continuous, bifid or trifid. Leaves round ; upper 

 surface light green, dull, rugose ; lower surface greenish-white, pubes- 

 cent ; leaf usually not lobed with terminus acute ; petiolar sinus wide ; 

 basal sinus lacking ; lateral sinus shallow and narrow when present ; 

 teeth shallow. Flowers semi-fertile, early ; stamens upright. 



Fruit ripening before Concord. Clusters broad, widely tapering, 

 usually single-shouldered, compact ; pedicel short, thick, smooth ; 

 brush long, pale green. Berries large, round, dark red, dull, firm ; 

 skin thin, tender, adherent, slightly astringent ; flesh pale green, trans- 

 lucent, juicy, tough, coarse, very foxy ; fair in quality. Seeds ad- 

 herent, one to five, broad, short, plump, blunt, brown. 



WORDEN 

 (Labrusca) 



Of the many offspring of Concord, Worden (Plate XXXI) is 

 best known and most meritorious. The grapes differ chiefly 

 from those of Concord in having larger berries and bunches, in 

 having better quality and in being a week to ten days earlier. 



