ANTISEPTICS AND DISINFECTANTS. l6l 



remained unaffected. They concluded that as none 

 of the infectious diseases, for which disinfecting 

 measures are in practice commonly applied, are 

 known to depend upon the presence of bacilli in 

 a spore-bearing- condition, their contagia are not 

 likely to retain their activity after being heated 

 for an hour to 105 G. (220 F.). 



In experiments with steam, the results were in 

 accordance with those already given, and complete 

 penetration of an object by steam-heat for more 

 than five minutes was deemed sufficient. They also 

 arrived at the same result as in Koch's experiments, 

 that steam-chambers are preferable to those in 

 which dry heat is employed, though it must be 

 borne in mind that some articles, such as leather, 

 are injured by exposure to steam. 



ii 



