330 BACTERIOLOGY. 



acidified with very dilute hydrochloric acid or acetic acid, 

 and the filaments then stained with iodine. The contents 

 are stained violet, and contrast with the sheath and septa, 

 which remain uncoloured. 



Leptothrix gigantea, Miller. Long rods, 

 short rods, and cocci, can be observed in the same 

 thread. There are also screw-threads, which may 

 take the form of spirals, vibrios, or spirochsetse. 

 The threads increase in diameter from base to 

 apex, and corresponding with the thickness of 

 the threads, the rods and cocci show different 

 dimensions. They have been observed in the 

 diseased teeth of dogs, sheep, cats, and other 

 animals. 



GROUP IV. CLADOTRICHE^E. 



Genus L Cladothrix. 

 SPECIES. 



UN ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE : 



Cladothrix dichotoma . , . Saprophytic. 



Cladothrix Foersteri . . ., ,, 



ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE : 



Actinomyces .... Pathogenic. 



Cladothrix dichotoma, Conn. Threads re- 

 sembling those of leptothrix ; slender, colourless, 

 not articulated, straight or slightly undulated, and 

 in places twisted in irregular spirals with pseudo- 

 branchings. The development can be traced 

 from the cocci to rods and threads. The latter 

 are at the beginning simple threads, which were 



