ALNUS 



ALNUS (the ancient Latin name). CupnlUerw. sub- 

 family Sehiidccff. Aldek. Trees or shrubs: Ivs. alter- 

 nate, shortly petioled, deciduous : lis. apetalous, monoe- 

 cious in catkins, staminate ones elongated and pendii 

 lous, pistillate ones erect, short, developing into an 

 ovoid, ligneous cone with persistent scales tr a 

 small nutlet. Twenty species in the northern henii 

 spheie, in America south to Peiu Hardy oinameutjl 

 trees and shrubs, suitable for planting on damp soil, 



Japonica, jiwA aX^'< I | i i 1 .1 dini 



ALNUS 



47 



The 



nfus 



u.ll 



spring The«o,.,l 

 Usually pi op \,^ - 

 dried, sown in spun., \ a I i h^la win.,, and 

 liept moist and shad), tin > gLimiuatc soon , a slight 

 covering with moss, taken oft when the seedlings appeal , 

 will be useful At the end of the same jear or the fol- 

 lowing spring the seedlings aieti an s plan ted, usually into 

 rows 1-2 ft apait and 6 m from each other After two 

 years they can be planted where they aie to stand The 

 shrubby species, also A.glutino^^a^ grow from h aid wood 

 cuttings placed m moist and sand \ soil, dso tioiu layers, 

 and A. incana fioni surki i x I I 1 no grafted 



on common potted stoi k in i tlie piopa 



gating house, graftin„' out 1 m ctssful 



Index aurea, No 111 , ..r.l .1. iiti. u 



lata, 10; fiima, Sub ^ /n i i i 1 i i ^luti 



4; laciniata, fa ami in inniiinii niilini i\ ' 



longahl , i &ni\ W . ih in s , : i / i rnlii s 



rub^lner^a. 10 nu..- i i ,i ( ; i Silnin i 1, 



liiuls 



ith 



iii'J- 



1. viridis.DC. Green Aldek. Shrub, 3-G ft. : Ivs. usu- 

 ally rounded at the base, round-ovate or oval, sharply 

 serrate, lJ^-4 in. long, pale green and pubescent on the 

 veins beneath: cones 3-4, oblong, slender peduncled. 

 Northern hemisphere, in the mountains, in different 

 varieties.— Hardy low shrub with handsome foliage, of 

 very pleasant effect on rocky streamlets, with its long, 

 male catkins in spring. Var. Sibirica, Regel. {A. Si- 

 birica, Hort.). Sometimes tree, 25 ft.: Ivs. larger, cor- 



2. iirma, Sieb. & Zucc. Tree, to 30 ft.: Ivs. oblong- 

 lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, sharply and donldy ser- 

 rate, with 10-15 pairs of veins, 2-4 in. l"nir. offcn ne-ai-ly 

 glabrous beneath : cones 2-4, peduncli-.l. .Japan. 



Var. multin^rvis, Kegel. Lvs. witli U-L'l i.air^ nf 



veins, thicker. — Handsome tree with dark killu lvs., 



growing on dry and rocky soil; quite hardy. 



AA. Fls. opening in the fall from catkins of the same 



year: lvs. not plicately folded in the bud. 



3. maritima, Nutt. (A. oblongata, Kegel., not Ait. nor 

 Willd.). Tree, to 30 ft. : lvs. cuneate, oblong or obovate, 

 shining above, pale green beneath, glabrous, remotely 

 and crenately serrate, 2-4 in. long: cones 2^, large, on 

 short, stout peduncles. Del., Md. S.S. 9:458. G.P. 

 4: 269. Nutt. N. Am. S. 1: 10.— Ornamental shrub or 

 small tree with handsome shining foliage, attractive in 

 autumn with its male catkins. 



AAA. FU.npciuini ill I'.irlji spring before the lvs., from 

 <-iitl;iiix fnriii,,! I],, previous year and remaining 

 niik.d ihiniuj Ih. vinter. 



B. Li's. net pliriili 'ill till' bud. green beneath, v^ns 

 arcuate, i-Hilimi wnsthj in 'ihr ! in-isions: female 

 catkins Hsuallij xiilifurii hi th, nrhs. 



4. Jap6mca, Sieb. & Zucc. i A . liini.i . Ibnt., not S. & 

 Z.). Tree, 50-80 ft. : lvs. cuneate, nl,l,,n--laiiceolate, acu- 

 minate, sharply and irregularly serrulate, glabrous at 

 length, bearded in the axils of the veins beneath, 2-6 

 in. long ; cones 3-6, peduncled. Japan. G.P. 6:345. 

 — Tall, pyramidal tree Avith dark green foliage ; the 

 largest and perhaps the most beautiful of all Alders. 



5. cordita, Desf. (A. cordif&lia, Ten. A. tiUAcea, 

 Hort.). Small tree, 20-50 ft.: lvs. cordate, ovate or round- 

 ish, acuminate, 2-4 in. long, bearded in the axils beneath, 



Italy, 



1-3. peduncle. 

 *'. II. 19:285. — Kouud- 

 -linrt fnliage, changing 

 t'l niu^ that of a linden or 

 .1 . I<li,i fiilia, or ^1. py- 



glandular when young 

 Caucasus. L.B.C. 13: 

 headed tree with hand 

 orange yellow in autum 

 pear, therefore someti 

 rifdlia, in gardens. No 

 BB. Lvs. plicate in the bud, the veins going straight to 

 the points of the larger teeth: female catkins S-6 



c. Cinder side of lvs. glaucous ; not bearded. 

 6. ino4na, Willd. Shrub or tree, to 60 ft. : branches pu- 

 bescent: lvs. oval or oblong-ovate, acute, 1%-^ in. long. 



65 Alnus glutinosa 



doubly serrate, pubescent or nearly glabrous beneath: 

 cones 4-8, mostly sessile, ^^in. long. Northern hemi- 

 sphere, in different varieties. 



Var. glailca, A\t.{A. glauca, Michx. ) . Shrub, to 12 ft. : 

 lvs. often nearly glabrous beneath. N. Amer., Eu. 

 Em. 251. 



Var. vulgaris, Spaeh. Tree, to 50 ft. : lvs. usually 

 densely pubescent beneath : cones 1 in. long. Eu., Asia. 



Var. pinnatifida, Spach. (var. laciniilta, Hort.). Lvs. 

 pinnately lobed or cleft, with dentate lobes. 



7. tinotdria, Sargent (^.«Mcd«a, var. ^■Hc?dWff,Hort. ). 

 Tree, to 60 ft. ; lvs. broadly ovate, 4-6 in. long, membra- 

 naceous, coarsely doubly serrate, slightly lobed, glau- 

 cous and rufously pubescent on the veins beneath. Ja- 

 pan. G.F. 10:473. — Handsome ornamental tree of very 

 vigorous growth, with large foliage. 



8. rtbra, Bong. (A. Oregclna, Nutt.). Tree, 40-50 ft.: 

 lvs. oblong-ovate, 3-5 in. long, crenate-serrate, slightly 

 lobed, revolute on the margin, nearly glabrous beneath; 

 petioles and veins orange colored:' cones 6-8, oblong. 

 W.N. Amer. S.S. 9:454. Nutt. N. Amer. S. 1: 9. 



CO. Under side of lvs. greenor brownish green; usually 

 bearded. 



9. rugdsa, Spreng. (^..s-('r™Z(»(i, Willd.). Shrub, to 25 

 ft.: lvs. usually cuneate, obovate or elliptic, acute or 

 rounded at the apex, 2-5 in. long, finely serrate, usually 

 pubescent on the veins beneath: cones short-stalked. 

 E. N. Amer., from Mass. south. Em. 248. 



10. glutindsa, Gaertn. Black Aldek. Fig. 65. Tree, to 

 70 ft. : lvs. orbicular or obovate, rounded or emarginate 

 at the apex, 2-5 in. long, irregularly obtusely serrate, 

 with 5-7 pairs of veins, nearly glabrous beneath, glu- 

 tinous when unfolding : cones distinctly peduncled. 

 Eu., N. Afr., Asia, naturalized in some localities in N. 

 Amer. — A vigorously growing tree with dark green, 

 dull foliage, valuable for planting in damp situations. 

 Commonly planted in manv forms : Var. aiirea, Versch. 

 Lvs. yellow. I. H. 13:490. Var. denticulata, Ledeb. 

 (A.oblongdta, Willd.). Lvs. usually cuneate, serrulate. 



