William Tricker. 

 [The best book on the American culture of Aquatics is 

 The Water Garden, by Wm. Tricker, X, Y. 1S37, pp. 120, 

 to which the reader is referred f"V i \b n-ivr , uliural 

 directions and for lists of Aquatic j-ln.! 1 ri- rmical 

 descriptions of the various kinds of -\ h !.rii-f, 



special cultural directions, the reaiK r i... > :> ..!i the 

 Cyclopedia of American Hokticllil i.i,, umli r the 

 various genera, as IVijmph(va,jyelumbium, aad Victoria. 

 -L. H. B.] 



AQUlLfiGIA (ti 



a^wito, eagle), /i". 

 ennial herbs of tl 

 paniculate branch 



legus, water-drawer, not from 



'(i.r. Columbine. Hardyper- 

 i?i liiiiiisphere ; mostly with 

 iiiaTiil liy showy flowers, and 

 iv.>. .-..inmonly glaucous; the 



leaflets roundish an I obtusely lobed fls Hrge showy 

 usually in spring or early summer , sepals 5 regular 

 petaloid , petals concave, produced backward between 

 the sepals, fonuing a hollow spur ; stamens numerous : 

 fr. of about 5 many-seeded follicles. About 30 distinct 

 species. The Columbines are among the most beautiful 

 and popular of all hardy plants. Seeds sown in pans, in 

 coldframes in March, or open air in April, occasionally 

 bloom the first season, but generally the second. The 

 different species should be some distance apart, if pos- 

 sible, if pure seed is desired, as the most diverse species 

 hybridize directly. They may be propagated by division, 

 but better by seeds. Absolutely pure seed is hard to ob- 



AQUILEGIA 



tain, except from the plants in the wild state; and some 

 of the mixed forms are quite inferior to the true species 

 from which they have come. A. ccendea, glandulosa. 

 and vulgaris are likely to flower only two or three years, 

 and should be treated as biennials; but ^. vulgaris may 

 be kept active for a longer period by transplanting. A. 

 Gray, Syn. Flora of N. A.,Vol. 1, Part 1, Pasc. 1, pp. 42-45. 

 J . G. Baker, A Synopsis of the Aquilegia, in Gard. Chron. 

 II. 10:19, 76, 111", 203 (1878). k. C. Davis. 



A light, sandy soil, moist, with good drainage, shel- 

 tered, but exposed to sun, is what they prefer. Some of 

 the stronger species, when of nearly full-flowering size, 

 may be transplanted into heavier garden soil, even heavy 

 clay, and made to succeed; but for the rearing of young 

 seedlings, a light, sandy loam is essential. The seed of 

 most Columbines is rather slow in germinating, and it is 

 necessary to keep the soil moist on top of the ground 

 until the young plants are up. A coldf rame, with medium 

 heavy cotton covering, is a good place to grow the plants. 

 The cotton retains sufficient moisture to keep the soil 

 moist on top, and still admits sufficient circulation of air 

 to prevent damping off of the joung seedlings When 

 large enough, the seedlings may be pricked out into 

 HUother frame for a time, or, by shading tor a few days 

 until they get a stirt they may be set into the permanent 

 border, or wherever the\ are to be placed 



F H HORSFORD 



The foUowmg is an alphabetical list of the species de 

 s ribed below A alpma 16, atrafa 9, atropurpurea , 



Ml) r at, 111, n I Willi i 1 I , m til, li <) 



10 



/// 



18 



4, 



( ulgaris, 9 , 

 Sepals "not ; 



ItHn 



I ngissima, 

 ' Sibir 



viridiflora, 

 expanded 



: tlian K or %i, 



fls lot ly.m indiam 



B Limt) of petal shorter than the sepal 



1 Jdnesu, Perry True st very short or almost want 

 mg sf ft ]>ubescent tufted root Ivs 1-2 in high from 

 tl H t it IS pii img branches of the root^^tock, biter 



I I t il petioles very short or none , leaf 



tl blue, sepals oblong obtuse, equal 



t « ice the length of the petal limbs 



I I I t lis follicles glabrous, large, nearly 



1 in 1 ii„ st\ h s h ilf as long , peduncles lengthening to 



about a in in fr Julj W j om and Mont G F 9 365 



2 oxysfepala, Traut &, Mey Plant 2K ft , slightly 

 pubescent above ; radical Ivs. long-petioled, secondary 

 divisions sessile : sepals blue, ovate-lanceolate, much 

 exceeding in length the petal limbs, which are 6 lines 

 long, white, rounded-truncate ; stamens not protruding 

 beyond the petal limb : spur knobbed, bent inward, 

 shorter than petal-limb : follicles pubescent, with styles 

 theirownlength. June. Siberia.-Inl898F.H.Horsford 

 said : "The first to bloom with me, and one of the most 

 attractive in the list. It is one of the most dwarfed ; 

 fls. large, blue, yellow and white : it comes so much be- 

 fore the others that its capsules, as a rule, all fertilize 

 before any of the other species come into flower." Only 

 recently introduced. 



3. lactilldra, Kar. & Kir. St. IKft. high, glabrous in 

 the lower part: partial-petio'es of root-lvs. l!^-2 in. long; 

 Ifts. sessile or short-stalked, 1 in. long, many lobes reach- 

 ing half way down; St.- Ivs. petioled and compound: fls. 

 about 3 to a st. : sepals nearly white or tinged with blue, 

 over Kin. long, narrow; petal-limb half as long as sepal; 

 spur ^-lin., slender, nearly straight, not knobbed at tip; 

 stamens equal in length to the limb. June. Altai Mts., 

 Siberia. — A desirable species, but not much used. 



BB. IJtt'f' "f /'" till about equal to sepal. 



4. viridiflora, Pallas. St. 1-lKft. high, finely pubes- 

 cent throughout, s, \ .ral-tid. : the partial-petioles of root- 

 lvs.l-2in.long; Ifts.sessilf or the end one shortly stalked, 



