AQUILEGIA 



lobes rather narrow and deep ; lower st.-lvs. petioled, 

 biternate : sepals oblong, obtuse, ascending, greenish, 

 equaling the broad, greenish petal-limb, but not reaching 

 the head of stamens ; spur straight, slender, J4in. long, 

 not knobbed : pubescent follicles as short as their styles. 

 Summer. E. Siberia.— Not so much used as the follow- 

 ing variety : 



Var. atropurptirea, Vilm. (J^. atropiirpurea, WiMA.). 

 Limbs of the petals deep blue or lilac-purple, and the 

 sepals and spur somewhat tinged with the same hue. 

 B.R. 922. 



5. Canadensis, Linn. Cosraox Colitmbine of America. 

 Fig. 124. Height 1-2 ft. : primary divisions of petioles 

 of root-lvs. 1-2 in., having 3 divis'ions ; 2 or 3 of the st.- 

 lvs. petioled, biternate : lis. several to a st. ; sepals yel- 

 lowish or tinted on the back with red, about Join, long, 

 not reflexing ; limb of petals a little shorter, yellowish, 

 truncate ; spur %in. long, nearly straight, knobbed at 

 the end, bright red throughout; stamens mucli protrud- 

 ing : follicles %m. long, with .styles half as long. May- 

 July. Stony banks, etc., east of Rocky Mts. Int. 1890. 

 B.M. 246. L.B.C. 9:888. Mn. 5:21. R.H. 189G, p. 109. 

 G.W.P. 1. There are some beautiful hybrids of this 

 and the blue species. Var. nina, Hort. Plant 1 ft. high 

 or less: fls. like the type. 



Var. flav^scens. Hook. A pale-lvd. yellow-fld. variety. 

 Very pretty. Int. 1889. This has often been called A . 

 ftavescens, Wats.; A. cwrnlea, var. flavescens, Lawson; 

 and A. flaviflora, Tenney ; A. Canadensis, var. flavi- 

 flora, Brit. B.M. 6552 B. 



Buergeriina, Sieb. & Zuce. (.4. atropur 



Miq.). More sb 

 finely pnli 



petioles (. 

 ions : fls. 



tha 



,J,inrls, 



ft. high, 

 o form sev- 

 "s. ; partial- 

 LSsUe divis- 



erect, nearly 



sepals %\Xi. long, acute, spreading 



straight, as long as the limb of petals, and about equal- 

 ling the sepal ; head of stamens equal to limb in length : 

 follicles pubescent, ''Ain. long, style half as long. Early. 

 Japan. -Brought from St. Petersburg, 1892. 

 AA. Sepals about 1 in. loiuj : expanded fl. ahoul 2 in. 



in di, 



B. S/M(l 



7. {labellita, Sieb. & Zu 

 partial-petioles of root-h> 

 sessile ; st.-lvs. large and 

 pale purple or white ; sep;i 

 petal half as long, often wh 





shorter than the pi 



itni, I-l',, ft., few-fld.: 

 I. .![■ iihii-,-, Ifts. nearly 

 rd ; IN. liiiglit lilac, or 

 1. liaiK. obtuse ; limb of 

 the lllac-fld. form; spur 

 shorter than the limb, slender toward the end, much 

 incurved ; stamens not protrading beyond the petal- 

 limbs : follicles glabrous. Summer. Japan. R.H. 1896, 

 p. 109. Var. nina-ilba, Hort. (var. flore-atba, Hort.). 

 Fls. pure white : plant dwarfish. R.B. 15: 157. 

 BB. Spur at least as tomj as petal-limb. 

 c. Stamens short, not much protruding . 



8. leptoo^ras, Fisch. & Mey. Stem several-fld., about 

 1 ft. high : partial-petioles of root-lvs. over 1 in., Ifts. 

 sessile ; st.-lvs. petioled, biternate : fls. violet, with the 

 tips of the sepals greenish, and tips of the short petal- 

 limb yellow ; spur slender, slightly curved, Kin. long, 

 not knobbed ; stamens protruding a little beyond the 

 limbs of petals : follicles slender, glabrous, nearly I in. 

 long. Summer. E.Siberia. B.R. 33: 64. P.S. 3:296. - 

 Little used in America. 



9. vulgaris, Linn. (A. stellita, Hort. A. atrUa, 

 Koch). Common C. of Europe. Stems l>^-2 ft. high, 

 many-fld., finely pubescent throughout : root-lvs. with 

 3 partial-petioles 13^-2 in. long, secondary branches 

 certain, ultimate leaf-lobes shallow and roundish, tex- 

 ture firm ; lower st.-lvs. petioled and biternate : fls. 

 violet, furnished with a claw, acute, 1 in. long, half as 

 wide ; petal-limb Hin. long, equaling the head of sta- 

 mens ; spur about same length, stout, much incurved, 

 knobbed : follicles densely pubescent, 1 in. long, style 

 half as long. Summer. Eu., Sib., and naturalized in Am. 

 Gn. 12, p. 288. Var. Qdre-pl^no, Hort. Fls. much dou- 

 bled, ranging from pure white to deep blue. Here be- 

 long many horticultural varieties with personal names. 



85 



Var. nivea, Baumg. (var. dlba, Hort.). Munstead's 

 White C. Often 2-3 ft. high : a great profusion of large, 

 pure white fls. for several weeks in early spring. 



Var. Olympica, Baker (A. Oli'/mpica, Boiss. A.Witt- 

 manniAna, Hort. A. bldnda, Lem.). A fine variety, 

 with several large flowers ; sepals light lilac or bright 

 purple, 1 in. or more in length ; petal-limb white. I.H. 

 4:146. R.H. 1896, p. 108. 



Var. hybrida, Sims. Much like the last variety, but 

 with stout, lilac-purple spurs as long as the sepals, only 

 slightly incurved. Probably a hybrid of A . vulgaris and 

 A. Canadensis. B.M. 1221. 



10. Sibirica, Lam. (J. !;ico/or, Ehrh. A. Garnieriina, 

 Sweet. A. specidsa, DC). Stem l}^-2 ft. high, many- 

 fld. ; often nearly glabrous throughout : partial-petioles 

 of root-lvs. 1-2 in., sometimes showing 3 distinct 

 branches; terminal Ifts. 1 in. or more broad, lobes rather 

 shallow and rounded ; lower st.-lvs. petioled and biter- 

 nate : fls. pale or bright lilac-blue ; oblong sepals fully 

 1 in. long, spreading or reflexed a little ; petal-limb half 

 as long, equaling the head of stamens, and often white ; 

 spur rather stout, Kin. or more, very much incurved, 

 3r even coiled : follicles glabrous, 1 in. long, style Hva. 

 Summer. E.Siberia. S.B.P.G. II. 1: 90. Var. flbre-pUno, 

 Hort. (A, blcolor, var. Hore-pleno, Hort.). Fls. much 

 doubled by the multiplication of both the limbs and the 

 spurs. 



Var. speot4bilis, Baker (.1. spectdbilis, Lem.). A 

 large, bright lilac-fld. var.; petal-limbs tipped yellow. 

 Amurland. I.H. 11:403. 

 CC. Stamens long, protruding far beyond the petal-limb. 



11. {ormdsa, Tesch. {A. Canadensis, var. formdsa, 

 Wats.). Habit as in 4. Canadensis ; root-lvs. and st.- 

 lvs. like that species, but fls. brick red and yellow, or 

 wholly yellow, and sepals larger, quite twice as long as 

 petal-limb ; spurs more spreading, somewhat more slen- 

 der, and often shorter. May-Aug. Sitka to Calif, and 

 E. to the Rockies. Int. 1881. B.M. 6552. F.S.8:795. 

 Gt.32:372. R.H. 1896, p. 108. G.C. 1854: 836. Var. hy- 

 brida, Hort. {A. Califomica,yar. hybrida, Hort.). Fls. 

 large, with scarlet sepals and yellow petals ; spurs 

 spreading, long and slender. A supposed hybrid with 

 A.ehriisantha. F.M. 1877: 278. Vick's 1: 33 f. 2. Var. 

 rilbra pl^no, Hort. {var. flore-pleno, Hort.). Fls. as in 

 var. hybrida, but several whorls of petal-limbs. Var. 

 nS.na 41ba, Hort. Fls. pale, often nearly white ; plant 

 not exceeding 1 ft. 



Var. truncata, Baker {A. trunedta, Fisch. A. Cali- 

 fdrnica, Lindl. ). Fls. with short, thick spurs and very 

 small sepals and a small petal-limb. Int. 1881. F. S. 

 12: 1188 (as ^. eximia, Hort.). 



12. SMnneri, Hook. Stem 1-2 ft. high, many-fld., gla- 

 brous : root-lvs. long-petioled, with both primary and 

 secondary divisions long ; Ifts. cordate, 3-parted ; sev- 

 eral st.-lvs. petioled and biternate : sepals green, keeled, 

 lanceolate, acute, never much spreading, %-! in. long ; 

 petal-limb greenish orange, half as long as sepal; spur 

 brigt red, tapering rapidly, over 1 in. long ; stamens 

 protruding far beyond the limb ; styles 3 : fr., at least 

 when young, bearing broad, membranous, ctirled wings. 

 After flowering, the peduncles become erect. July-Sept. 

 Mts. of Nor. Mex. B.M. 3919. P.M. 10:199. B.H.4:1. 

 F.S. 1: 17. Vick's 1: 33 f. 5 (poor). -A handsome plant, 

 requiring a light soil in a sunny border. Var. flore- 

 pleno, Hort. Fls. double. Gt.34:57. Very fine. 



BBB. Spurs very long, several times the length of 

 petal-limb. 



13. chrys&ntha, Gray (A. leptoceras, var. chrysdntha. 

 Hook.). Fig. 125. Height 3-4 ft. : root-lvs. with twice 

 3-branched petioles, Ifts. biternate ; st.-lvs. several, 

 petioled : fls. many on the plant, 2-3 in. across ; sepals 

 pale yellow, tinted claret, spreading horizontally ; petal- 

 limb "deep yellow, shorter than the sepals, and nearly as 

 long as the head of stamens ; spur rather straight, very 

 slender, divergent, about 2 in. long, descending when 

 fl. is mature : follicles glabrous, 1 in. long.; style half 

 as long. May-Aug. N. Mex. and Ariz. Gu. 16:198. B.M. 



