4 



BAUHINIA 



spathe-like ; petali; 5, cUiwed, obovate-ohlong, veined, 

 rose-colored, the lowest one larger, broader above the 

 middle, strongly marked with crimson : pod 1-2 ft. long. 

 India. B.M. (J818.— The coloring of the Hs. varies. 



Var. c&ndida, Koxb. {A. dlba, Buck-Ham.). Height 

 12 ft. : fls. white, beautifully veined with green ; lis. 

 Feb. to May. B.M. 7.'!12 "A taller grower than A. 

 acumhiata, h\oommg in late winter and eaih vpring 

 Very quick-growing, and ornamental even when not m 

 bloom."— Reasoner Bros. 



purpilTea, Linn. Height G ft Ivs coriaceous rufous 

 tomentose beneath when joung, Itts broadlj o\ate 

 4-nerved : petals red, one streakcl \Mth whit tn the 

 claw, lanceolate, acute; fertile st 1 ' e the 



rest sterile or abortive : pod 1 ( H irma 



China.-Without doubt one ot I mall 



trees in S. Fla. Flowers are 1 t pro 



fusion, 3 to 5 inches across troni 



almo.st white to a shade of ii h i nil i 1 niaiked 

 and shaded with many tones The i lant ih \ ery robust 

 and hardy here, growing to a height ot 15 feet m less 

 than 2 years, and blooms all winter and spring 



G41pini, N. E. Brown. Half climbing shrub 5 10 ft 

 Ivs. 1-3 in. long, 2-lobed from one htth to one hilt their 

 length, 7-nerved ; petiole about Urn long racemes 

 6-10-fld.: petals 5, all alike l-l^,in long, claw as 

 long as the limb ; limb orbicular, cuspidate, brick led , 

 fertile stamens 3 : pod 3-5 m long , seeds daik brown 

 S. and Trop. Afr. B.M. 7494 -Discoveied 1891 Fls 

 borne continuously from spring to late autumn 

 BB. I'ls pti>e uliiti 



acuminata, Linn. Height 5-h ft Ifts o\ ate aeumi 

 nate, parallel, 4-nerved, closing it night fls 2-3 in 

 across ; fertile stamen long and netih tree the othei 

 9 short, connected, and sterile Iiidii Mila^n China 

 -One of the most satisfactor\ of all either t( r open 

 ground or greenhouse culture as it will bloom the first 

 summer, when but a few months old and but a foot oi 

 two high, and in succeeding summers blooms contmu 

 ously from May to September. 



AA. Lvs. divided heijond (he middle. 

 B. Leaflets not entirely free: fls. colored. 



corymbdsa, Roxb. Woody climber, branching from the 

 ground.: branches grooved: tendrils opposite, revolute: 

 Ivs. lJ^-2 in. long, outer edges slightly rounded, inner 

 edges straight and parallel; nerves 2-4 : fls. numerous, 

 corymbose, 1 in. across, rosy, ithw fluted petals, and 

 characteristic venation ; stamens 3, bright red, 3 very 

 long, the rest abortive. China. B.M. 6621. 



BB. Leaflets entirely free : fls. white. 



Natal6nsis, Oliver. Small shrub : Ivs. numerous ; 

 leaflets each 1 in. long, with a midrib and a few nerves, 

 dark green ; petioles K-Kin. long : fls. single or in 

 2's, IVain. across, white, the midvein of the 3 upper 

 petals reddish ; petals erect or spreading, the 2 lower 

 ones larger ; stamens 10, 5 long and 5 short ; pod 3 in. 

 long. S. Afr. B.M. 6086.— Not advertised at present. 



B. Hdbkeri. F. Miiell., from Austral., and B. Eichardsoni. 

 Hort., Frauceschi, are also advertised at present. 



E. N. Reasonek and W. M. 



BAY TBEE. See Laurus. 



BEAN. A name applied to various plants of the Legu- 

 miubsw. The Beans chiefly known to agriculture are ot 

 five types : (1) The Broad Beau ( Vicia Fahri), or the 

 Bean of history, an erect-growing plant, producing very 

 large and usually flat, orbicular or angular seeds. Prob- 

 ably native to S.W.Asia (Figs. 190, 191, a). See Vicia. 

 These types of Beans are extensively grown in Europe, 

 mostly for feeding animals. They are either grown to 

 full maturity and a meal made from the Bean, or t lie plant 

 is cut when nearly full grown and used as forage or made 

 into ensilage. The Broad Bean needs a cool climate and 

 long season. In the U. S. the summers are too hot and 

 dry for its successful cultivation on a large scale, and the 

 plant is practically unknown there. In Canada, the plant 

 is used in connection with corn to make ensilage; and 

 this combination is known as the "Robertson mixture." 



BEAN 



135 



(2) Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, which see ; Pigs. 

 191, 6, 192). This is the plant which is everywhere known 

 as Bean in North America, comprising all the common 

 Held, garden, snap and string Beans, both bush and 

 climbing. By the French it is known as Haricot, and this 



'I 



-^ 



"-7 



5 





190. Broad Bean —Vicia Faba ( -\ 



i 



word is often found in our literature. Its nativity is un- 

 known, but it is probably of tropical American origin. 

 For inquiries into the nativity of the Bean, see DeCan- 

 doUe, Origin of Cultivated Plants ; Gray & Trumbull, 

 Amer. .lour. Sci. 26:130 ; Sturtevant, Amer. Nat. 1887: 

 332 ; Wittmack, Ber. der Deutschen Bot. Gesellschaft, 

 6:374 (1888). (3) Lima or Sugar Beans {Phaseolus lu- 

 natics, which see). Long-season, normally tall-clirabing 

 plants, producing large, flat seeds (Figs. 191, c, 193). 

 Native to S. Amer. See Bailey, Bull. 87, Cornell Esp. 

 Sta. (4) Various species of Dolichos (as 1). sesqnipe- 

 dalis). Vines which produce very long, slenderpods and 

 small, narrow Beans (Figs. 191, d, 194). Native to trop. 

 Amer. See Dolichos. (S) Soy, or Soja, Bean (G/.i/ci«i! 

 hispida, which see). A bushy, erect, hairy plant, pro- 

 ducing small pods in clusters, and pea-like seeds (Figs. 

 191, e, 195). In this country comparatively little known, 

 and used mostly for forage. Native to China and Japan, 

 where it is much grown. Aside from these types, there 

 are others of less economic importance. The Scarlet 

 Runner type is a perennial Phaseolus (/". mullifloyi(S), 

 grown in this country mostly for ornament (Fig. 196). 

 Various other species of Phaseolus are also cult, ni 

 various parts of the world under the name of Beans. P. 

 radiatus is prized in Japan, and has been int. into the 

 U. S. as Adzuki Bean (see Georgeson, Bull. 32, Kans. 

 Exp. Sta.). Vigna Sinensis, known in N. Amer. as 

 Cowpea (which see), is sometimes called a Bean. The 

 Velvet Bean of the South is aMucuna (which see). The 

 Jack Bean is a Canavalia (Fig. 197). The Sea Beans of 

 the Florida coast are seeds of various tropical legumi- 

 nous plants, and are transported by ocean currents (see 

 Coe, in G.F. 7:503). L. H. B. 



Culture op the BEAN.-Thepractical grower usually 

 divides the many varieties of Beans into two groups- 

 the bush and the'pole Beans. The one includes all those 



