222 CALOPHACA 



damp-off if kept too luoist and shady. Sometimes grafted 

 high on Caragana or Laburnum, forming a very attrac- 

 tive, small standard tree. 



Wolg&rica, Fisch. Two-.') ft. : pubescent and glandu- 

 lar : Ifts. 11-17, roundish-ovate or oval, 'A-%in. long : 

 racemes long-peduncled, with 4-7 fls. ; corolla over % 

 in. long. June-July. S. Russia, Turkestan. — <7. {rrnndi- 

 fldra, Regel, is similar, but Ifts. 17-25 : racemes 10-16- 

 fld. ; corolla 1 in. long. S.Russia. Gt. 35:1231. 



Alfred Rehder. 



CALOPHtLLUM (Greek, beautiful-leaved). Gut- 

 tiferHcece. Tropical trees, with shining, leathery, ever- 

 green penninerved Ivs. and panicled fls. The following 

 is cult, outdoors in S. Pla. and S. Calif., and possibly in 

 northern warrahouses. Prop, by cuttings. 



Inophyllum, Linn. Branches terete : Ivs. obovate, 

 usually marginate : fls. white, fragrant, in loose, axil- 

 lary racemes; peduncles 1-fld., usually opposite; sepals 

 4: fr. reddish, as large as a walnut. E. Tropics. — Int. 

 by Reasoner, 1893. Also in S. Calif. A tall tree, with 

 beautiful glossy Ivs. and white fls. Oil is extracted from 

 the seeds. Has medicinal properties. 



CALOPOGON (Greek, beautiful beard}. OrchidAcete 

 One of our daintiest native orchids, with pink fls. an in. 

 across, grass-like Ivs., and a small bulb. The Up is on 

 the upper side of the flower, spreading, distant from 

 the column, with a narrowed base. One of the choicest 

 hardy bog plants. A moist and shaded position and 

 very porous soil are most suitable for this pretty plant, 

 though I have seen it do admirably well on a rockery 

 only slightly shaded. at midday, but here the plants were 

 watered very freely every day during hot or dry weather. 

 Prop, by offsets, separated from the old tubers, but the 

 old established plants should not be disturbed very 

 often. Collected clumps of all our native orchids are 

 offered at very reasonable figures, and these give imme- 

 diate satisfactory results, while the small offsets would 

 not be strong enough to flower for several years, and 

 require much attention during the first year, or perhaps 



puloh611US, R. Br. Height 12-18 in.: scape 2-6-fld.: 

 fls. pink, magenta, or purple : lip bearded with white, 

 yellow, and purple club-shaped hairs. Bogs, Newf. to 

 Pla., west to Minn, and Mo. G.W. P. 14. G. P. 10: 505. 

 J. H. III. 35: 45. B.M. 116, as Limodorum tuberosum.- 

 Eleven fls. on a scape is the average number in Penn- 

 sylvania bogs. j g ^^^^^^ ^^^, ^ jj 



CALOTHAMNUS (Greek, beautiful bush). Myr- 

 tAcew. Australian shrubs somewhat similar to Calliste- 

 mon but more graceful in habit : Ivs. long, alternate : 

 fls. showy, usually red, in lateral clusters : stamens 

 united in bundles opposite the petals ; anthers erect, 

 attached by the base, oblong or linear ; cells parallel, 

 turned inwards, opening by longitudinal slits. Orna- 

 mental greenhouse shrubs. Hardy out of doors in Cali- 

 fornia. For cult., see Callistenwn. 



quadrifidus, R.Br. Height 2-4 ft. : Ivs. narrow, terete 

 or slightly fiattened, heath-like, glandular-dotted: fls. 

 rich crimson, 4-merous ; calyx 2-lobed in fruit ; stami- 

 nal bundles nearlv equal, of 15 to 20 or more filaments. 

 W. Austral. B.M". 1506. j. bj-ktt Davy. 



CALPORNIA (after Calpumius,an imitator of Virgil, 

 because these plants are allied to Virgilia). Legumi- 

 nisa. Trees and shrubs from tropical and southern 

 Afr. cult, out of doors in S. Calif. Lvs. odd-pinnate ; 

 racemes long, axillary and terminal : fls. yellow. 



sylvdtica, E. Mey. Shrub, 6-10 ft. high : lvs. 2-6 in. 

 long: Ifts. in 3-10 pairs, membranous, obovate-elliptical, 

 retuse or obtuse : fls. J^ in. long : ovary glabrous. 

 Caffraria.-Also rarely cult, north as a greenhouse 



lasi6gyne,E. Mey. (C. a H«a, Benth.). Ataliershrub, 

 with larger lvs. and fls., more coriaceous, more pubes- 

 cent, and exactly elliptical or oblong leaflets. The silky 

 ovary at once distinguishes it. Natal. 



CALTHA 



CALTHA (Latin name of the Marigold). Bnnuncu- 

 lAceie. A genus of beautiful marsh plants, about 10 

 species, of temperate and frigid regions. Succulent, 

 perennial herbs, glabrous, with a fascicle of strong, 

 fibrous roots : lvs. simple, rather rounded-cordate at 

 base : fls. yellow, white or pink ; sepals large, decid- 

 uous, petal-like ; petals none ; stamens numerous, car- 

 pels sessile, becoming follicles, with two rows of 

 seeds. They flourish best in wet places near running 

 water. Though naturally bog plants, they succeed ad- 

 mirably well in an ordinary border in rather rich soil. 

 They should be introduced more liberally into the flower 

 garden, where they flower very freely year after year, 

 and generally mature a second quite abundant crop of 

 bloom in the fall. The flowers last a long time in water, 

 and sell readily in the cut-flower market. Monogr. by 

 G. Beck, in Kaiserlich-Konigliche Zool.-Bot. Gesell- 

 schaft (Vienna, 1886), 36: 347-363 ; E. Huth, Monogr. 

 in Helios 9: 69-74. 



bifldra, DC. No true stem ; scape slender, usually 

 2-fld. : lvs. as in C. palustrisi : sepals 6-9, nearly white 



leptas6pala, DC. Stout scape, 8-12 in. : lvs. all basal 

 or barely one on stem ; nerves at base nearly parallel, 

 otherwise like those of C. biflora : sepals 7-10, oblong, 

 becoming narrower, white; fls. solitary: follicles 

 scarcely stalked. May-June. Alaska to Wash, and Colo. 

 Gn. 30:565. 



paliistrlB, Linn. Marsh Marigold. Stem hollow, 1-2 

 ft., branching, several-fld. : Ivs. cordate orrenifonn, den- 



324. Calycanthus floridus. 



tate, crenate or entire : fls. bright yellow, 1-2 in. broad 

 sepals 5 or 6, rarely 7: follicles compressed, % in. long. 

 Apr.-June. Wet ground. Carolina to Canada and west- 

 ward. Gt. 47, p. 630. D. 115, pi. 35.-Used before flow- 

 ering in the spring as "Cowslip greens." Var. 



