228 



CAxMPANULA 



tube hidden by the bladdery appendages, small, broader 

 than long : ils. solitary, on stout peduncles, 2-2K in. 

 broad ; corolla very broad and open, pale purple with- 

 out, dull purple within marked with violet and hairy to- 

 ward the bottom ; lobes very broad, short and acute. 

 Mt. Taurus in Anatolia. Gn. 15:178 and 12, p. 209. 

 B.M. «:i94.- Easily told from all other species by the 

 very long e.xserted style, which is brown and spindle- 

 shaped before spreading open. Self-sown seeds some- 

 times wait a year before sprouting. 



DD. Styh 



elif lontj. 



bes 



2. Medium, Linn. Canterbury Bells. Fig 

 Biennial, 1-4 ft. high : plant pilose : st. erect : Iv; 

 sile, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, i-n iiat. -.l.ntat.': peti 

 oles not marginal : raceme lax, ii 

 ovate-acuminate, the appendages li.ilf ,i. ] .n- as the 

 ample, ovate, obtuse lobes : corolla v. rv lai;,'.-. bell- 

 shaped, inflated. S. Eu. Much less cult, than var. caly- 

 c4nthema, Hort. Ccr ahd Saucer. Hose in Hose. Has 

 the calvx colored like the corolla. A fair per cent come 

 true from seed. G.C. III. 24: fi.5. R.H. 1S97, p. 2.'i8. R.H. 

 1896:301. Gng. 5:88. Gti. 1^. j., 'J'!.- F.S. 19. p. 1.52.- 

 Canterbury Bells are iH-'il':'!' '' !■ ■' nn.l most popu- 

 lar of all Campanulas. '11, i I I it)iiioiiIy treated 

 as hardy biennials, thr , i i . ^ ,ii in tin- open 

 border, but they do n<^f ll,... r iIm iu^: \ , ar. 'riii-y can 

 also be treated as tender annuals, ih. -'. . ,1 l„ jn^' sown 

 lndoor.s in early spring and the planfs s, t .mt .May 1- 

 15. They will then flower well th. \\r~\ -. a^..ii, 'but 

 always better the second year. DouM,- t'-.j-jti-- are very 

 popular and interesting, 1^ perfect bells lieing formed 

 one within another. The name Medium has no reference 

 to size of plant or flower, but was the name of an old 

 genus, now a subgenus of Campanula. 



<a'. Capsule S-ceUed ; stigmas S. 



Di>. Corullii with a curious projection at the base of 



each sinus. 



3. alliariaefdlia, Willd. (C. lamiifdlia, Bieb. C. mac- 

 rophjilla, Sims). Pig. 333. Height lJ^-2 ft.: stem 

 erect, striate, woolly, branched only at the top: root-lvs. 

 large, heart-shaped, crenate, tomentose : stem-lvs. on 

 petioles which gradually shorten upwards, the highest 



being s " " ' " 



short stalks, borne 



singlv in the axils of the floral 



1 C. Sar- 



,,1,^ matica, but the 



:./ floral 



calyx a third or 

 a fourth shorter 

 he corolla, with mar- 

 oUed back, and appen- 

 dages less minute than in C. 

 Sarmatica : corolla always 

 white, 2 in. long, ciliated at 

 the margin, and with charac- 

 ,'^ V, " • teristic tooth-like processes 



'p' ^ ' -1^ } at the base of each sinus, 



~ ' ' which are especially interest- 



ing in the bud. Caucasus, 

 Asia Minor. B.M. 912. -Int. 

 into England about 1805 by 

 Loddiges. No blue-fld. form 

 seems to be known. Prop, by 



4. SarmAtica, Ker - Gawl. 

 Height 1-2 ft. : stem simple, 

 striate, pubescent : Ivs. re- 

 markable for their gray color, 

 333. Campanula 1\ harsh, leathery, wrinkled, to- 

 .,• - -t.i-- W mentose, oblong-cordate, cre- 



alUariaefoha. X^^ ^^^^^ ^^J lower long-petioled, 



the upper sessile : calyx with minute reflexed appen- 

 dages, and a short, densely hairy tuft : fls. about 6 on 

 a stem, nodding; corolla about 1 In. long, and IH in. 

 across, marked with 5 hairy lines. Caucasus, subal- 

 pine portions. B.M. 2019. L. B.C. 6: 581. 



5. GrdBsekii, Heuff. Has the habit and inflorescence 

 of C. Trachelium, but the calyx is appendaged. Height 



larger 



CAMPANULA 



2Hft., branching from the base, angled, pilose: Ivs. 

 the lower cordate unequally petioled, doubly 

 -serrate, the uppermost ovate-acute, narrowed 

 into a petiole : calj-x setose-ciliate, lobes lanceolate, 

 spreading, reflexed at the apex, appendages lanceolate, 

 a third shorter than the lobes ; corolla hispid, 2 or 3 

 times longer than the calyx lobes : fls. large, bell- 

 shaped, violet, in a long raceme. Hungary. Gt. 35, p. 

 477, f. 55.— A rare plant. 



6. mirAbilis, Correvon. Height 1 ft. or more. "The 

 leaves forming the rosette are somewhat thick and 

 fleshy, the lower ones .spreading out to a diameter of 

 about 9 or 12 inches, the succeeding leaves smaller and 

 arranged in an overlapping manner." Upper Ivs. ovate- 

 serrate : fls. pale blue, hairy, 2 in. across, bell-shaped, 

 sometimes stronglv angled : raceme lax or dense. Cau- 

 casus. G.C. III. 24:33. Gt. 47 :192. Gn. 54, p. 454.- 

 Int. in Europe in 1896 by Leicthlin. Very rare and in- 

 teresting. Probably a biennial rock plant. Slow from 



Fls. rotate or wheel shaped. 



ft. : St. erect, simple : Ivs. thin, serrate, somewhat pi- 

 lose, root-lvs. ovate-acute, subcordate, petiolate ; stem- 

 lvs. ovate-lanceolate, acimiinate at both ends : calyx 

 tube long, obconical, the teeth linear-acuminate, almost 

 entire, spreading shorter than the 5-fld, wheel-shaped 

 corolla : fls. light blue, 1 in. broad, in long spikes, soli- 

 tary or in 3's ; corolla shallow, lobes pUose outside 

 and at the apex ; style long, strongly declined and up- 

 wardly curved : capsule cylindrical, grooved. Shaded 

 low ground western N. Y. to Iowa, south to Ga. and 

 Ark. Rarely cult. It is possible that Phyteuma canes- 

 cens is still cult, as C. Americana. 



CO. Fls. saucer-shaped or hroadly bell-shaped, i. e., 

 the tube shallower and the limbs more widely 

 spreading than the bell-shaped. 

 I). Stem-h-s. liiiriir-laiiceolatr, crinillate. 



8. persiciidlia, Linn. Fig. 334. Height 2-3 ft. : stem 

 erect : Ivs. glabrous, rigid, crenulate ; root-lvs. lanceo- 

 late-obovate ; stem-lvs. linear-lanceolate or spatulate, 

 often 3 in. long : calyx lobes acuminate, wide at the 

 base, entire, half as long as tlu- l.n.adly bell-shaped 

 corolla : fls. blue or white, pc .Ii . ]]. I, - : t iry. terminal 

 and axillary, often 1^$ in, I. . ' i a-l : capsule 

 ovoid, 3-grooved. Eu. B.M. - iiiacrantha is a 

 large-fld. form with fls. all a|,! ;i. (,:.ll,p.U8. 

 (4i, 4« V ■«"; A.p. r;,:is:!, > [: ; ,i. \ ar alba grand- 

 ifloia !',! . i[ B.ackhousci I ' , a,' the popular white- 

 Ill i , - i ., mi-double forms in 

 I,!, I ^ useful for cutting. 

 Tip II'. ,.,,.,,,.;..,..,,., i. 1. w. Meyer's favorite 

 of all ( ■ainpaniilas. This si.e.ies ..<Tasionally runs wild, 

 especially in England. The Ivs. are very characteristic, 

 and, once seen, are never forgotten. Var. coron&ta, 

 Hort., is a semi-double white form. F.S. 7:699. The 

 pictures in B.M. and F.S. show distinctly saucer-shaped 

 flowers. 



DD. Stem-lvs. wider and coarsely toothed. 



9. latiloba, DC. (C. grdndis, Fisch. & Mey. Height 

 1-1}^ ft. : glabrous : stem erect, simple, terete : stem- 

 lvs. 3-5 in. long, 4-6 lines wide, lanceolate, narrowed at 

 both ends, crenate-serrate : calyx lobes ovate-acute, 

 broad, entire, erect, one-half shorter than the broadly 

 bell-shaped corolla : fls. blue, with a whito f.imi, often 

 2 in. wide, sessile, solitary or somtwliat <-ln^tirfd, 

 sometimes equaling the ovate-acutr, .l.ntat. l.ra.ts. 

 Mt. Olympus. P.M. 10:31. -Fls. liki- c. /.. ,■>,., iniia. 

 Quickly forms a dense carpet. Int. into Eug. abmi 1842 

 from St. Petersburgh. 



ccc. Fls. bell-shaped or tubular, not saucer-shaped. 

 D. Inflorescence a dense roundish head. 



10. grlomerMa, Linn. One of the most variable : 

 DeCandoIle makes 8 botanical varieties. Height 1-2 ft. : 

 typically pubescent : stem erect, simple, terete : Ivs. 

 serrulate, lower ones rough, with very short, stiff 



