CANTUA 



CANTUA (from Cantu, Peruvian name). PoUmnnin- 

 cea. Ten species of South American flowering slinibs 

 with very variable foliage and showy, tubular fis. of va- 

 rious colors. C. buxifoUa is cult, out of doors in S, Calif., 

 and is recommended in Europe as a coolhouse shrub. 

 Probably no tenderer than Fuchsias. Prop, by cuttings. 



buxifdiia, Lam. ( C. depindens, Pers. ) . Much branched 

 shrub, about 4 ft. high ; branches more or less downy: 

 Ivs. very variable, generally oblong-obovate, acute, taper- 

 ing at the base, entire or serrate, downy or glabrous : 

 fls. 5-8, drooping vertically, in a kind of leafy, termi- 

 nal corymb ; calyx pale, membranous, green-streaked, 

 5-toothed, a fourth shorter than the corolla tube ; corolla 

 long-funnel-shaped, the tube 2}4in. long, red, usually 

 streaked ; limb of fringed, obcordate, crimson lobes : 

 stamens included. Peru. B.M. 4.i82. F.S. 7:650. R.H. 

 1858, p. 294. — One of the choicest of European green- 

 house plants. Very liable to red spider in our climate. 



C.btmlnr. I..'. I I'i-in-ir.ii. .1 1;^,,, I ' - :i I.. -v 1,y the entire 

 lvs.,whirli . •'■.'. -I I ' ■ -Mlit.'iryfls..with 



a short, y. ;i . ■, ! i .. i ■ . ',,,,: i : , j i ;,,. tis. droop, but 

 notvertir.i I ■. r •• i ■■ r- i : I TMl.^ibly less de- 



sirable tliiiii 111- :ii'.,\' - I i.urfi..i..i, !•. r~ Lvs. generally 

 broader ami more tootlu'd tli.-m in C. bii"nl(,r: Hs. as many as 17, 

 in an erect, terminal, compound corymb ; calyx red-tipped, 

 nearly half as long as the yeUow corolla tube : corolla about 

 IJiin. long, mth a white limb : stamens long, exserted. Peru. 



B.M. 4.386. F.S. 4:383. 



W. M. 

 CAPE BULBS. 



CAFE CHEST- 

 NUT is Caloden- 

 drum Capensis. 



CAPE GOOSEBEKET 



CAPE JESSAMINE. 



CAPE PONDWEED. 



CAPER. See Capparis. 

 For L'aper-spurge,see Euphor- 

 bia Latlninis. 



CAPPAEIS (Greek, caper). 

 Caper-bush, or Capee Tkee. 

 CapparidAceoe. Capers are 

 pickles made by preserving 

 the flower buds of C. spinosa, 

 a straggling shrub which 

 grows out of old walls, rocks, 

 and rubbish in Mediterranean 

 regions and India. Also rarely 

 cult, as a greenhouse flowering 

 shnili. The genus is large and 

 polymorphic, and none of its 

 relatives are familiar north. 

 Prop, by cuttings in green- 

 houses, and by seeds south. 

 spindsa, Linn. Spiny shrub, 

 ft. high : l\ s. roundish or 

 nv :ii. , .i.ri.i.,.'U^ : fls. borne 

 ^1 ' ■ l\ . and fading 



l"i"! 'I : ■ i':ils 4; petals 



-!. "lih'iij. 1 la >A.. I. wavy, white, 

 I'jin. long: stamens 40-50: 

 filaments purple above, per- 

 haps the chief beauty of the 

 ■ ■ ~ "t. 291. -What seems 

 to be the long style 

 with a short, un- 

 opened stigma, is 

 really the elon- 

 gated peduncle or 

 topped by 



CAPSICUM 241 



CAPKlOLA (the wild goat, which feeds iipon this 

 grass). Crramliieif. Low, creeping perennials, with 

 short, flat leaves and slender spikes, which spread out at 

 the apex into flnger-like branches. Spikelets 1-fld., 

 awnless, sessile, in two rows along one side of a slender, 

 continuous axis. Glumes 3, the first 2 iiarniw, krrlcd. 

 usually acute, empty; the third or florni L'liiiiir I, , •.,.(, l.i- 

 and usually a little longer than the enipn .m-. ni-i . i, s 

 4. One distributed throughout the tn.pii :il -.lud \\;,iin. r 

 temperate regions of the world. 



DActylon, Kuntze {Cf/nodon Ddctylon. Pers.). Ber- 

 muda Grass. Fig. 352. A widely dispersed grass, with 

 a creeping habit of gi-owth, extending rapidly over the 

 surface of the ground and rooting at the joints. Used 

 extensively in the south for lawn-making, where Ken- 

 tucky blue grass and the bent grasses cannot be success- 

 fully grown. Except in the far south, however, it is not 

 a desirable lawn grass, as it quickly turns brown upon 

 the approach of cold weather, and is rather late in be- 

 coming green in the spring. A variety known as St. Lucie 

 Grass is regarded as a more desirable form for lawns 

 than the species. Experiments made in central Michi- 

 gan by Beal seem to show that Bermuda Grass is val- 

 uable to mix witli .Tun.- irrass for a lawn where the 

 soil is rather tliin, th,. .Iiuie grass occupying the soil 

 from early si.riii^' until h.it, ilry weather, when the Ber- 

 mudacovers tlif i.'niiiiiil. In the cool autumn, June grass 

 appears again at the surface. ^ ^ Kennedy. 



CAPSICUM (name of uncertain origin, perhaps from 

 kapto, to bite, on account of the pungency of the seed or 

 pericarp; or fi-oni ra jisa . :i rhest, having reference to the 

 form of fruit I. .s'-./,,„,i, , ,. . Red Pepper. Cayennf 

 Pepper. Ht-rlis cu- ^liiuli-. ..liginally from trop. Amer., 

 but escaped tp'iiiriilfivatiMU in Old World tropics, where 

 it was once sujipused tu in- indigenous. Stem branchy, 

 l-(l ft. high, glabrous or nearly so : lvs. ovate or subel- 

 liptical. entire. acoDiinate • fls. white or greenish white, 

 rarely violaceous, solitary or 



corolla rotate, usually 5- 

 loliid; stamens 5, rarely 6 

 or 7, witli bluish anthers de 

 hisciuglongitudinally;ovar\ | 

 originally 2-3-loculed : fr 

 a juieeless berry or pod 

 extremely variable in form 

 and size, many-seeded, and 

 with more or less pungency 

 about the seeds and peri- 

 carp. Fig. 353. The fi-uit be- 

 comes many-loculed and 

 monstrous in cultivation. 353. Normal 2-loculed iniit ol 

 About 90 species have been Capsicum, in cross section, 

 named, most of which are 



now considered forms of one or two species. Monogr. by 

 Irish, 9th Ann. Kept. Mo. Bot. Gard. For culture, see 



A. Annual or biennial. 



dnnuum, Linn. Herbaceous or suffrutescent, grown as 

 annuals in temperate climates, but in warmer latitudes 

 often treated as biennials. All of the leading commer- 

 cial v.arieties in the United States readily find classifica- 

 tion within the types or botanical varieties. The species 

 has never been found wild. 



B. Fruit oblong-linear. 



c. Calyx ustiaUy embracing base of fruit. 

 Var. conoides, Irish (C. cono)dcs, Miller). Suffmtes- 

 cent: lvs. numerous, rather small, 2-3 in. long, • 

 wide: peduncles sleuil 

 obconicalorcup-sha]i. 

 corolla greenish whiti ■ 

 conical or oblong < 



aaU; calyx 

 ng base of fruit ; 

 . : fr. erect, sub- 

 in. long or less, 

 usually shorter than the peduncles and mostly borne 



352. Capriola Dactylon. Nat. size, 

 the pistil, which has no style and a minute stigm; 

 CAPEIFOLIUM. See Lonicera. 



Coral Gem, Tabasco. 



Irish (C. fascicuUtum, Sturt.). 



d or nearly so: branches few: lvs. 



I bunches about the summit, ellip- 

 tical-lanceolate, pointed at both ends : fr. also clustered, 

 erect, slender, about 3 in. long bv Jijin. in diam., very 

 acrid. This is the Red Cluster Pepper. 



above the lvs., very 



Var. fascicuiatum, 

 Stem herbaceous, rou: 

 clustered or crowded i 



