244 CARDIANDRA 



petiole, coarsely serrate, sparsely pilose, membrana- 

 ceous, 3-7 in. long : fls. white, tinged red. Summer. 

 S Z. ee, 67. Alfred Rehder. 



CAKDINAI FLOWER. £ 



Ter'en'^ii^l 



CAREX 



CARDOON iCynira C«rd«Hc-H?H.s, Linn. ). A thistle- 

 like plant of southern Europe, cult, for the thick leaf- 

 stalk and midrib. It is thought to be of the same spe- 

 cies as the artichoke, and to have been developed from 

 it by long cultivation and selection. The plant has been 

 introduced into South America, and has run wild exten- 

 sively on the pampas. Darwin writes that "no culti- 

 vated plant has run wild on so enormous a scale as the 

 Cardoon." From the artichoke it differs in tallv?r and 

 growth and smaller heads. The Cardoon 

 is not hardy, and is treated as an 

 annual. Seeds are sown In spring, either in pots under 

 glass or in the open where the plants are to stand. 

 The later sowing is usually preferred. The plants are 

 given rich soil and should have abundant mi.i,t\irf sup- 

 ply, for they must make continuous and struHL; irrnwili. 

 When the leaves are nearly full grown, tli. y ;ir, ti. il tn- 

 gether near the top, straw is piled aroiui'l tli. Ik ;i,l, mid 

 earth is banked against it. This is to bhimli tlif plant, 

 for it is inedible unless so treated. Frum two to fonr 

 weeks is rec|uired for the blanching. Tin- |.i-..r(iliiic is 

 not very unlike that adopted for the blaiLc-hin:; of ccliry 

 or endive. If the plants are late, they may be diiK .iust 

 before frost and blanched in a storage pit. The plants 

 are usually grown from 2-3 ft. apart in rows which are 

 4 ft. apart. They are sometimes grown in trenches, after 

 the old manner of growing celery. Cardoon is almost 

 unknown in America, except amongst foreigners. 



CARDUUS. For C. benedictus, see Carbenia. 



CAREX (name of obscure origin). Cyper&cece. 



1 1 uiidreds of grass-like plants in temperate cli- 



unisexual, in spikes, the staminate naked 



I did by a bract or scale, the pistillate com- 



-iiigle pistil enclosed in a thin sac or ]ierigyn- 



iiini I 111 two sexes may bi- i'l M,^ -:. i .|.:n:it.- 



■-pikes ; and rarely they arr ....''-■■• : iit 



diCDcious). Carices are very :ii ' ' i ' i i'- 



regions, both in species ami i i; Mmv 



of them grow on dry land, but th. I.i:_i i .\v 



in low grounds and swales, and oftiii t i : n i ; ili.- 

 bulkof bog hay (Fig. 300). The sp.-. i. rii 



I ult to distinguish because they an- \ 1 



the studv of them is usually left to spi. Ill I- ^-n . of 

 ur broad leaved nati\ ( '.pecies mal \ 11 it 1 il r 

 md interesting clump in corners about buildings and 

 ilonf, walls Many of the lowland spi ok ar< <\((IUnt 



(» , I u < J ha J urn )ij)i II lulu un 

 culata ttilpinoidta The following species are in 

 Amer trade 



CABDIOSF^BMUU 



white heart-shaped spot 



the plant was thought i 



pindAce<F. Thirty tropn 



herbs, with alternate, 1 



If ts., and small white fls 



The most popular is the mterestmg Balloon Vine, which 



is a rapid-growing, tender annual, curious for its m 



flated seed-vessels. 



Halic^cabum, Linn. Pig. 359. Height, 10 ft.: stem 

 and branches grooved: balloons an Inch or more thick. 

 E. and W. Indies. B.M. 1049.-A general favorite, es- 

 pecially with children. W. M. 



362. Carex Morrowi. 



H6TT0wi, Boott. (C. Japdnica, Hort., not Thunb. 

 C. lenuissima.HoTt. C. amtif&lia, Sort.). Fig. 362. 



