CARNATION 



by G. H. Crane. Among the light pinks, Daybreak 

 (Pig. 374) is still a standby, but there are some among 

 the new ones that will, to all appearance, push it into 

 the background. In the dark pinks, Scott yet claims the 

 honors, but Mrs. Francis Joost, as the newer variety, 

 may succeed to its place. In yellow. Gold Nugget is 

 conceded the best. Mayor Pingree is a good large flower, 

 but rather of a pale color, and a shy bloomer. The 

 Carnation par excellence is Mrs. Geo. M. Bradt, white 

 striped scarlet — an even, continuous bloomer through- 

 out the whole season ; a tine, large flower, admired 

 wherever grown. P^^^ Dokner. 



CAKOB. See Ceratonia. 



CAROLINA ALLSPICE. See Cuhjcanlhus. 



CARPEL. One of the separable or component parts 

 of a compound pistil. See Floivei: 



CARPENTARIA ( after Professor Carpenter, of Louisi- 

 ana). Saj:ifnifidce(p. Evergreen shrub, with rather large 

 opposite Ivs.: rts. large, in terminal, looseeorymbs; calyx 

 5-parted ; petals 5 ; stamens numerous ; ovary almost 

 superior, o-O-celled : fr. a many-seeded dehiscent cap- 

 sule. One species in Calif. A highly ornamental ever- 

 green shrub, with very large, white and fragrant fls., 

 but not hardy north. It requires a well-drained, light 

 andsandy soil, and sunny, somewhat sheltered position; 

 it especially dislikes moisture during the winter, and its 

 perishing is often more due to an excess of moisture 

 than to the cold. Prop, by greenwood cuttings under 

 glass in summer, and by suckers, which it produces 

 freely; also, by seeds, sown in spring. 



Calif6nuca, Torr. Shrub, 6-10 ft. : Ivs. elliptic-lanceo- 

 late, entire or remotely denticulate, bright green above, 

 whitish-tomentose beneath, 2— I in. long: fls. pure white, 

 2}4-3 in. in diam., fragrant ; petals orbicular, concave. 

 June, July. B.M.6911. Gn. 31: 581, and 54,p.248. G.C. 

 11,26:113. R.H.1884, p..^65. J.H. 111,29: 251. 



AliFEED EEHDEK. 



CARPET BEDDING. See Bedding. 



CARPlNUS (ancient Latin name). Cupuliferm (or 

 Bvliiliieni ). Hornbeam. Tree, of medium size, some- 

 times shrubby: Ivs. deciduous, petioled, alternate, ser- 

 rate; stipule? deciduous: tis. in catkins, appearing with 

 the Ivs.; staminate catkins pendulous, each scale bear- 

 ing 3-13 stamens, 2-forked at the apex ; pistillate cat- 

 kins terminal, slender, each scale bearing two ovaries, 

 the bracts and bractlets of which develop into a large, 

 leafy, more or less 3-lobed bract, embracing the small, 

 nut-like fruit at the base. About 8 species in C. and E. 

 Asia, 2 in Europe and W Asia and 1 in N and C Amer 

 Hardy, ornamental tree, usually with dense, lound 

 head, and of somewhat slow growth. The wood is \ery 

 hard and close grained, and much used in making tools 

 andothersmi'l irtuhs The h uidscni. f..li ig. is i iieh 

 attacked I \ n i i 1 n 'I i 1 1 i 



color in f 

 large h s 



elegant In II i i i 



well, and i i i wi i ,1 I i i l.ul li.iU . u I ilis 

 European spcLies was foimerlj muth ustd in the old 

 formal gardens foi this purpose; the latterinakes, also, 

 an excellent game cover, as it retains its withered foli- 

 age almost thioughout the whole winter The^ glow m 

 almost any soil, and e\en lu iIm n Kn situ itions 

 Prop, by seeds, sown iisu ilh in till „i i iimi iiiii.; \ pi \ 

 Irregularlj , if the^ do nut s| ut\^ u). tin liist sj iiii_' 

 the seed bed should be comimi until flu t )II..\miu' 

 spring with moss oi leat mold to keep the soil moist 

 If intenilt d fdi hedges, the seedlings should be trans- 

 phiuteil .iftei the fii st -^eai, and allowed sufBcient space 

 to prevent them from growing into slender, tall plants, 

 unfit for hedges. The varieties of rarer species are 

 grafted in spring under glass, or in the open air on 

 seedlings of one of the common species. 



CaroIiiiitaa,Walt.(C. J)Hf)-iV()»f/.Michx.). American 

 Hornbeam. Blue Beech. Fig. 376. Bushy tree, rarely 

 40 ft.: Ivs. ovate-oblong, usually rounded at the base, 

 acuminate, sharply and doubly serrate, glabrous at 

 length, except in the axils of the veins beneath, 2-4 in. 



CARRIERIA 



253 



ioiig; fruit clusters pednncled, 2-4 in. long: bracts ovate 

 or ovate-lanceolate, %-l in. long, with 2 broad and short 

 inequal lateral lobes, and a much longer middle lobe, 

 usually serrate only on one margin. E.N. America, west 

 to Minnesota and Texas; also, in Mexico and C. Amer. 

 S.S. 9:447. Em. 1 : 199. -Bushy tree, with dense, but 



slender and often somewhat pendulous branches, and 

 dark bluish green foliage, changing to scarlet or orange- 

 yellow in fall. 



B^tulus, Linn. European Hornbeam. Tree, to 60 or 

 70 ft. : Ivs. similar to those of the former, cordate or 

 rounded at the base, ovate or oblong-ovate, of somewhat 

 thicker texture, and the veins more impressed above: 

 fruit-clusters 3-5 in. long : bracts over 1}^ in. long, with 

 ovate, lateral lobes, and much longer oblong-lanceolate 

 middle lobe, the margins almost entire or remotely den- 

 ticulate. Europe to Persia. — The most remarkable of the 

 garden forms are the following; Var. inclsa. Ait. (var. 

 quercifoUu, Desf.). Lvs. incised or lobed, smaller. Var. 

 fastigiita, Hort. Of upright growth. Var. purpurea, 

 Hort. Lvs. purplish when young, green at length. It 

 grows into a taller tree than the American species, though 

 the former is of more vigorous growth when young ; 

 the foliage turns ^pII( w m fall, and remains on the tree 

 throughout tlit w mtt i 



O Auuiuati'i Ml li\ ( * iinlimana— C corddta Blme 

 To 40 »t hs 1 1 ]\ ,1 I \ itB or oblong ovate with 14-20 

 pins ,,t \ 111 I 11 i I 111 Min.liuru (, P 8 295 



Al FKEli KfHIiFR 



CABRI£RIA (after E A. Carri^re, prominent French 

 horticulturist and botanist, died 1896). Buatur De 

 ciduous trees, with alternate, long-petioled, glabrous 

 lvs., resembling in appearance the genus Idesia. Two 

 species, recently discovered in China, of which one, C. 

 calyclna, Franch., has been introduced. It is a tree to 

 50 ft. high, with rather large, oval or obovate Ivs. and 

 apetalous fls. with 5 large sepals in few-fid. terminal 

 racemes. It will be probablv of the same hardiness and 

 culture as Idesia. R. H. 1896, p. 498. 



Alfred Rehdek. 



