Za8 CHAM^DOEEA 



CHAMfflDOEfeA (Greek, divarf and gift). PalmAcem, 

 tribe Arecew. Spineless, erect, procumbent or rarely 

 climbing palms, the trunks solitary or cespitose, slen- 



very small : fr. small, of 1-3 globose or oblong-obtuse 

 carpels, coriaceous or fleshy. Species about GO. Mex. 

 to Panama. 



Peat or leaf -mold, loam and sand in equal parts, with 

 a little charcoal added, form the best soil. The species 

 common in cultivation are quick-growing. They are 

 well suited for planting out in greenhouse borders. 

 The sexes are on different plants, therefore several 

 should be planted in a group if the handsomely colored 

 fruit is desired. All of the kinds require warm tempera- 

 ture in winter. Increased from seeds. Of the many 

 species, only the following appear in the Amer. trade: 

 A. it's, simple. 



61egans, Mart. Stem strict, C ft., closely ringed: lvs. 

 narrowlv lanceolate, acuminate, straight : fr. globose. 

 Mex. G.C. 1.33:508. 



Emesti-Augusti, Wendl. Stem 3-4 ft., reedy, erect, 

 radicant at base ; blade obovate, cuneate lat the base, 

 deeply bifid, coarsely serrate along the margins; petiole 

 shorter than blade; sheath amplexicaul ; sterile spadlx 

 8-9 in., the simple branches 6-8 in., attenuate, slender : 

 fertile spadix simple : fls. red. Venezuela. B.M. 4837. 

 G.C. 1.33:,508. 



AA. Lvs. pinnate. 

 B. Plant becoming of climbing habit. 



desmoncoides, H. Wendl. Lvs. 2-.'? ft. long, with 

 drooping, narrow Ifts. a foot long, and glaucous 

 petiole : plant tending to climb after it becomes a few 

 feet high. Mex. 



BB. Plant not climbing. 



Ste 



■trunk 



Sirtorii, Liebm. Stem 8-14 ft.. liii-. ,|, ,-l.iil,rd above 

 with leaf-sheaths: lvs. 3-:iH ft. l"ii-- : p. iii.lr ti-rete, 

 sulcate, dilated at the base; sb./aili. p. i i.;lr aiul rachis 

 white on the back: Iffs. 12 in. Ion;,-. 1',-:; m. wide, alter- 

 nate, falcate, acuminate, narrowed at tlie base. Mex. 



Tepejil6te, IJ.-bm. Stem 4-6 ft. high, closely ringed: 

 lvs. 4 it. : His. 1-nt.Tvi-il. close, alternate, falcate, acute, 

 narrowly laiicenlate. Ui-15 in. long, IV^ in. wide: rachis 

 convex on the back, canaliculate above. Mex. B.M. 



glaucifdlia, H. Wendl. Stem 20 ft. : lvs. long, pinnate ; 

 Ifts. narrowed, long and slender, dark green, glaucous. 

 Guatemala. Q.F. 8:507. 



Arenbergiina, H. Wendl. (C. latifdlia, Hort.). Stem 



slender, 5-6 ft., green : lvs. erect-spreading; Ifts. 10-15 



pairs, alternate and drooping, very long-pointed, plicate 



and many ribbed. Guatemala. B.M. 6838. 



CC. Stem or trunk none. 



Fringlei, Wats. Acaulescent or nearly so ; lvs. erect, 

 pinnate, 3 ft. ; Ifts. 12-15 on each side, linear-lanceo- 

 late, acuminate, 6-8 in. long, K-.H in. wide ; rachis tri- 

 angular ; spadix simple. 8 in. long. San Louis Potosi, 

 M<?x Jared G. Smith and G. W. Oliver. 



CHAMffiPEtCE. Xow referred to Cnicus. 



CHAMffiRANTHEMUM (divarf and flower, from the 

 Greek). Acanthacew. Three or 4 Brazilian small herbs, 

 allied to Eranthemum, but readily distinguished by the 

 4 ( instead of 2 ) stamens. Lvs. large and membranaceous, 

 entire, variously marked. Pis. showy, white or yellow, 

 in bracteate clusters. Grown chiefly for the beautiful 

 foliage. C. ignetun, Kegel (Eranthemum ii/neMm, Lind.), 

 is in the Amer trade. It is a low, spreading, warmhouse 

 plant (culture of Eranthemum and Justicia), with dark 



CHAH.SBOFS (Greek for dwarf hush). Palmdcea, 

 tribe Corypheui. Low, fan-leaved palms, with cespitose 

 caudices branched from the base and clothed with the 

 bases of the leaf-sheaths. Lvs. terminal, rigid, semi 

 orbicular or cuneate-flabillate, deeply laciniate, the lobes 

 narrow, bifid, plicate ; no rachis ; ligule very short ; 

 petiole slender, bi-convex, the margins smooth or 

 rough; sheath split, reticulate, fibrous; spadices short, 

 erect compressed : branches short, densely flowered : 

 spathes 2-4, broad, thickly coriaceous, the lower ones 

 split, the upper entire; bracts small, subulate; bractlets 

 none : fls. small, yellow : fr. globose or ovoid, 3-sided 

 toward the base, brown or yellow. Species 2. Mediter- 

 ranean region. The common C. hiimilis is widely cult., 

 and very variable. Many of the specific-made names of 

 the genus are forms of this species. Of such cases are 

 evidently the garden names C. arborescens, argentea, 

 C'anariensis, elata, elegans, farinosa, gracilis, litto- 

 ral is, nivea. 



Fibrous loam two parts, leaf-mold and sand one part, 

 with good drainage. Prop, by suckers and by seeds. 

 These are among the hardiest of all palms, and are well 

 suited to greenhouses where a high temperature is not 

 kept up. 



hiiinilis, Linn. {Phoenix Rancehna, Hort.). Fig. 421. 

 Stem 1-1}^ ft. high : lvs. ragged, fibrous; margins of 

 the petioles armed with stout, straight or hooked spines; 

 blade suborbicular, truncate or cuneate at the base, 

 rigid, palmately multifld ; segments acuminate, bifid. 

 Mediterranean. B.M. 2152. R.H. 1892:84 (showing 

 habit and a colored plate of the fruit). Beaches 20 ft. 



421. ChamEerops humilis. 



0. Biroo, Sieb.=Livistona rottmdifolia.— C. Birrho. Hort.= 

 Livistona rotundifolia.— C excelsa, Thunb.=Trachycarpus es- 

 neUvLS.— C. FoTtunei, Hook.=Trachycarpus.— C humilisX 

 Systrix, Hort. Said to be a "choice garden hybrid of Florida 

 origin,"— O. Bystrix, Fras.=Rhapidophyllum Hystrix.— C. 

 stauTocantka, Hort.=Aeanthorhlza aeuleata. 



Jared G. Smith and G. W. Oliver. 



CHAMOMILE. Consult Anthemis 



CHAPMAN, JONATHAN. See Appleseed, Johnni,. 



CHAPTALIA (J. A. C. Chaptal, agricultural chemist). 

 CompdsilcE. American low perennial herbs, with white 

 or purplish fls. on naked scapes, blooming in spring and 

 summer. Heads radiate, the ray-fls. pistillate, and the 

 disk-fls. perfect, but some or all of them sterile: invo- 

 lucre campanulate or turbinate, of appressed and imbri- 

 cated bracts: pappus of soft capillary bristles: akenes 

 oblong or fusiform, narrowed above, 5-nerved. The only 

 species in the Amer. trade is C. tomentdsa, Vent.,of N. 

 Car. and S. Of this the .scapf is 1 ft. or loss high, and 

 the heads are purple-rayed: lvs. sj.atiilafc or lanceolate, 

 entire or nearly so, rather Thick, wititi- toinentose be- 

 neath. Introduced as a bord. r [daut. 



CHABD (ch pronounced as in charge). A form of the 

 plant (Beta vulgaris) which has produced the common 

 beet. Often known to horticulturists as Beta Cycla. 



