CHENOPODIUJI 



are used as greens. In American gardens it is usually 

 known as Mercury (the name is sometimes corrupted to 

 Markery). Lvs. triangular-ovate, with very long, wide- 

 spreading basal lobes ; margins entire ; plant mealy. 

 The plant is of the easiest cultuie, 1-2 ft high Other 

 CKenopodiums of economic interest are the Qumoi (C. 

 Quhwa, Willd ), of S Amer , of which the Hr^-c m f ds 

 are used as food (it is an annual with i-.i t t the 

 common pigweed, O album, seeds s 11 1\ I iii j i ui 

 dealers. B.M 3641), C ambroiwirh^ 1 itiii M \i m 

 Tea, affords a medicinal extriit ( iitl luinli iiiii, 

 Linn., Wormseed, affords a \ iiinlu^ I In Feither 



Geranium or Jerusalem Oik I 11 ii I i (' Botiys, 

 Linn. It is annual, glandul u | il it r 1 iromatic, 



1-3 ft. high, with pinnatifld hs ml 1 lu t ither like, 

 enduring spikes, for whuh it is useil in %ases and 

 baskets. Prettv L H B 



CHERRY 



291 





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CHERIMOYA, CHEKIMOYER {Anoni, Cherimolia, 

 Mill.). Pig. 425. Th.. ('li.Tiiii..>:i i- .■..ii-i.U-r.-d by many 

 to be the finest of tin- siil.i r..|.ir:, i immi^. .in.l that not 



only by the natives .■(' fin r :jniws, but 



also by Europeans. It i^ v,,fii i i> Sweet Sop 



mates that suit them; but the (.'lu-rimoya has a decided 

 acidity, which is most agreeable and grateful to the taste. 

 See Anoxa . The fruit is rounded, but irregular in shape, 

 weighing from 3 to 5 lbs., and even double that under 

 cultivation. There is a thin, greenish rind, marked off 

 by somewhat raised lines into pentagonal or hexagonal 

 spaces. Beneath is a white pulp, embedded in which are 

 the black seeds, radiating from an internal central stalk. 

 The white pulp is the edible portion ; it is of the con- 

 sistence of a corn-flour pudding. If picked when full- 

 grown, they will ripen gradually, and can be kept 7 or 

 8 days before eating. 



The tree is from 15 to 30 feet in height, with a broad 

 spreading head and pendent branches. The leaves are 

 oblong, with velvety down on the under surface. The 

 flowers have 3 outer petals, which are oblong-linear 

 in shape, and keeled on the inner side ; the 3 inner 

 petals are minute, alternate with the outer. It is found 

 growing spontaneously at certain elevations in Central 

 America, and western South America, as far south as 

 Chile, but it is (|uite uncertain where it is truly wild in 

 all this r.-si-n 1>. ('•■.. r,.].^]f. in his "Origin of Cultivated 

 Plants, "cnii .'. ! • ■ luMbable that it is indigenous 



in Equ:id"r, ; ! i in the neighboring part of 



Peru. It ^^,, : into .Tamaica in ITSC, by Jlr. 



Hinton Ea.-:...iil S -f -ii.o„t-..i.-..n-. LT..„tl,' in a 



limited area at a crri:, . • :i i ..n i hr -.uii h- i n -I 's 



of the Blue mount,,: , . , ith 



the district in whi. 'Ill I ■ . i: ,. M ,: , , il.c 



is cultivated. Tin- ali n ml- n' » h ii i- i.iim.l i- l.e- 



tween 2,500 and 5,000 feet. In Jladeira, the C'horimoya 

 has taken the place of the grape vine on many of the 

 estates on the warm southern slopes of the island. The 



cultivation is systematic. The 2-year-old seedlings 

 are grafted. The trees are pruned and trained, and 

 manure is regularly supplied. The result of careful 

 selection is that there are varieties with scarcely any 

 seeds, and weighing 12 to IG lbs. Ordinary fruits, 

 weighing 3 to 8 lbs., are sold in the London market at 

 $1.50 ; large ones are sold at $2.50, and even $3. 



W. Fawcett. 



CHERKY. Cultivated tree Cherries have probably 

 sprung from two European species. Primus Avium, 

 Linn., and Primus Cenisus, Linn. ' 

 forms of Prunus Avium are charac- 

 terized by a tall, erect growth (Fig. 

 426); reddish brown, glossy bark, 

 which separates in rings ; flowers 

 generally in clusters on lateral spurs, 

 appearing with the limp, gradually 

 taper-pointed leaves ; fruit red, yel- 

 low, or black, generally sweet, spher- 

 ical, heart-shaped, or pointed ; flesh 

 soft or firm. Sour Cherries are low- 

 headed and spreading (Pig. 427) ; 

 flowers in clusters from lateral buds, 

 appearing liefore the hard,stiff,rather 

 alini|itlv pointed, light or grayish 

 iiririi l.avi-s. The following is the 

 latest classification (Bailey, Bull. 98, 

 Cornell Exp. Sta. ) : 



Prtimis Avium has four represent- 

 atives in the United States : 



I. The Mazzards, or inferior seed- 

 liii(,'s; fniit of various shapes and 

 (■..i.irs; <Mnini<in along roadsides. In 

 tlir nii.lill.- Atlantic states, the wild 

 .Mazzarcl trees often attain great age 

 and size, particularly in the Dela- 

 ware-Chesapeake peninsula (Fig. 

 428). 



II. The Hearts, or heart-shaped, 

 soft, sweet Cherries, light or dark, 

 represented by Black Tartarian and 

 Governor Wood. 



III. The Bigarreaus, or heart-shaped, flrm-fleshed, 

 sweet Cherries, like the Napoleon and Windsor. 



IV. The Dukes ; light-colored, somewhat acid flesh, 

 such as May Duke and Reine Hortense. 



From Prunus Cerasns two classes have sprung: 



I. The Amarelles, or 

 light - colored sour 

 Cherries, with color- 

 less .iuice, represented, 

 by Early Richmond 

 and Montmorency. 



II. The Morellos, or 

 dark -colored sour Cher- 

 ries, with dark-colored 

 juice, like the English 

 Morello and Louis 

 Philippe. 



The following spe- 

 cies also have horticul- 

 tural value : Prvntis 

 Mahaleb, an Old World 

 type, hardier and 

 smaller, on which other 

 Cherries are largely 

 worked; Prmms Penn- 



s'lU- 



the 



whose hardiness may adapt 

 ?s; Prunus Besseyi and 

 1 or dwarf Cherries, the 

 nproved Dwarf Rocky 



as a leading industry east 

 ept in western New York, 

 where the sour varieties are grown for canning. The 

 sweet Cherry is confined mostly to door-yard and fence- 

 comer plantings. Sour kinds are found in orchard blocks 

 in New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, 

 Indiana, Illinois, Kansas and Nebraska. Sweet Cherry 

 culture, however, is adapted to the states between the 



of the Rocky mounta 



