316 



CIBOTIUM 



CIBdTlUM (Greek a little seed lessel} Cyathedcem. 



470. The Scythian Lamb. ."< 



blood, and a root attached to the navel. The plant was 

 said to resemble a lamb in every respect, but grew on a 

 stalk about a yard high, and turning about and bending 

 to the herbage, consumed the foliage within r«-Mc1i. an*! 



then pined away with the failurt- ••( iIm 1 1 imfil it 



died. Wolves sought it and ate it n- n ii \v . r. :i inn- 

 lamb. In 1725 Breyne, of DantziL', .h i l;irw| ili:,r tin- 

 Barometz was only the root of a hiiL'. (■ in, r,,\ , ,, ,| wiih 

 its natural yellow down aii'i aiiMiiii'iirn. <i |,\ -r. njv, 

 which had been placed in niuscuiii- in :ni ih\.ii,(l posi- 

 tion, the better to represeni Tlir ;(|.n, I tiin- . i>l III! I.MT ; 

 and horns of a quadruped. A.i ;. 1.' : J,.--. 



A. Outer valve of the imhisiiim Innji-r, or the viilves 

 stibequal. 



glailcum, Hook. & Am. Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, tripin- 

 nate; pinnules about 6 in. long, taper-pointed; segments 

 close: outer valve of indusium larger, broader than the 

 inner: veins once- or twice-forked. Hawaiian Islands. 



Btlrometz, J. Sm. Scythian Lamb. Trunkless : lvs. 

 scented, tripinnate, the lower pinnse ovate-lanceolate ; 

 pinnules short-stalked, 4-6 in. long, with falcate seg- 

 ments : valves of the indusium nearly equal : veins 

 prominent, rarely forked. China. 



AA. Outer valve of the indusium smaller than 

 the inner. 



Schi^dei, Hook. Caudex 10-15 ft. high : lvs. oblong- 

 deltoid, tripinnate, with pinnffi 1-2 ft. long ; segments 

 falcate, sharp-pointed: sori sparse: veins forked, on the 

 lowest pinnate. Mexico. 



regkle. Linden. Caudex 10-12 ft. high : lvs. oblong- 

 deltoid, tripinnate, with pmnse 18-24 in. long ; pinnules 

 sessile, with close, falcate, deeply incised segments : 

 veins pinnate in the lobes. Mex. L. M. Underwood. 



CIBOULE. Consult Onion. 



CtCCA. Now combined with Phyllanthus. 



CtCER (old Latin name for the Vetch). Lequmindsw. 

 Pea-like plants, with r.-i.Mrt.-.t .■nb-^, oi,],.,.- tnrgid 



and toothed leaflets. 'Sniiil! - '1 n..an- 



Asian range. C. arietlnum, 1. • !' -..iiie- 



times cult, in vegetable ganh n- !-r iIm . .liM. ny. s,.,.(is. 

 It is an annual and is cult, tin- same as iaish beans. 

 Withstands dry weather well. It grows 2 ft. high, making 

 a bushy, hairy plant. Lvs. with small, roundish leaflets : 

 fls. white or reddish, small, axUlary. Seed roundish, but 

 flattened on the sides, with a projection on one side. 

 Little known in Amer., but much cult, in S. Eu. and Asia. 

 L. H. B. 



CINCHONA 



CICHOEIUM (Arabic name). Compiisitw. A very few 

 Old World herbs, with ligulate corollas, double-rowed 

 scales tn tlif invohicre, angled akenes, bristly or chaffy 

 papimv, :,„.] liinn tls. Two species are of interest to the 

 horti.ultuiisf, ('. /»///6»(s,Linn. (Pig. 436), the Chicory, 

 and r. /;„./,, ,.;, l,iim.,the Endive. See those entries for 

 fuller mformatiou. 



CIENK6WSK1A. See K,t,npferia. 



CIMIClFUGA, Linn, {eimex, a bug ; fuijere. to drive 

 away). Jimni iir ulin-ew. BuGBANE. Allied to Actiea. 

 Tall, liarily. In rl.ai'i-ous perennials, ornamental, but bad- 

 siiielliii^', suiticl tor the back of borders or for partially 

 shaded pluces in the wild garden. About 10 species, na- 

 tives of the north temperate zone. Lvs. large, decom- 

 pound: fls. white, in racemes ; sepals 2-5, petaloid, de- 

 ciduous; petals 1-8, small, clawed, 2-lobed or none : fol- 

 licles 1-8, many-seeded, sessile or stalked ; stigma 

 broad or minute. Half shady or open places ; any good 

 garden soil. Prop, bv seeds and division of roots in fall 

 or early spring. 



Americ&na, Michx. (.4e(«(iprodoca'»-/)a, DC). Slender, 

 2^ ft. high: lvs. pale beneath: fls. in elongated raceme; 

 petals 2-homed; pedicels nearly as long as the fl. : fol- 

 licles 3 or 5, stalked : seeds in 1 row, chaffy : stamens 

 and pistils usually in same fl. Aug.-Sept. Sloist woods 

 of Alleghanies. 



foetida, Linn. Lvs. bipinnate, terminal 1ft. 3-lobed : 

 petals of the white fls. often tipped with anthers ; no 

 staniinodia : follicles 3-5 ; seeds very chaffy. Summer. 

 Silnria.— Following var. only is cult. 



\ar. simplex, Reg. (C. simplex, Wormsk.). Tall and 

 lianils..ii,i- : fls. short-pedicelled, forming a fine, dense 

 rai-.iric. and at first pube.scent : follicles short-stalked. 

 Kaliit-iiatka. 



racemdsa, Nutt. (C. serpent&ria, Pursh). Fig. 471. 

 St. ni :;-,s ft. high : lvs. 2-3 times 3-4-parted ; Ifts. 

 mostly ovate, firm texture: racemes few, rigidly erect, 

 often becoming 2 ft. long • follicles rather shorter than 

 the pedicel, nearly H in. long, short style abruptly re- 

 curved. Very pretty in fr.,with its two rows of oval fol- 

 licles always extending upward from the lateral 

 branches. July-Aug. Georgia to Canada and westward. 

 Int. 18UI. Gt. 13:443. Gn. 46, p. 269. G.C. II. 10: 557. 

 D. 79. — The commonest in gardens. 



Var. diBs6cta, Gray {C. spicita, Hort.). Lvs. more 

 compound than the type: small white fls. closely packed 

 on lateral and terminal branches. Lasting until Sept. 

 Del. and S. Penn. J.H. III. 33:381.' 



CcoTditblia. Pursh. Lvs. very broadly ovatp or nrlii^tilar. 

 B.M. 2069.— C. elata. Nutt. (C. foetida. Pnr«)' -V.fn^a i 'imi.-if- 

 uga.Linn.). Used in medicine. Reg.Vei:M' ! i ' la- 



pdnico, Spreng. Three ft. high: lvs. very l;n_ is 



Pithyrosperma 'acerinum).- O. poimdfM, 'I I ■ t- 



teria Carolinensis, Vail. j., < , iiwi-. 



CINCHONA (from Countess Chinchon). Jiubiai-ece. 

 This genus of plants contains, according to Index 

 Kewensis, 67 species, some of which yield bark con- 

 taining quinine. The species grow isolated in various 

 districts of the Andes, at elevations ranging from 2,300 

 to 9,000 ft., and between 22° S. and 10° N. latitude. 

 Some of the species are lofty trees, others are mere 

 shrubs. The lvs. are opposite, with deciduous stip- 

 ules. The fls. are fragrant, much frequented by hum- 

 ming birds, white and pink in color, growing in ter- 

 minal panicles. The calj-x is small, 5-toothed, and 

 persistent. The corolla has a long tube with 5 short, 

 spreading, valvate lobes, hairy at the margins. The sta- 

 mens are 5, included in the corolla. The ovary is 2- 

 celled, with very numerous ovules inserted on linear 

 axile placentse. The capsule opens septicidally from 

 the base upwards. The seeds are small, numerous, 

 flat and surrounded with a wing. 



Commercial Cinchona bark is known under the fol- 

 lowing names: " Crown," "Loxa," or "Pale bark," yielded 

 by Cinchona officinalis and its varieties Condaminea, 

 Uritusinga, crispa; "Red bark," from C. succirubra ; 

 "Hybrid bark," from hybrids of C. officinalis and C. 

 succirubra; "Royal," or "Yellow bark," from U. Calisaya 



