COOPERIA 



AA. dTeck of bulb long: perianth tube short. 

 pedunculata. Herb. Giant Faikt Lily. More robust 

 than C. Drummondii : bulb with a longer neck, 2-3 in. 

 long: Ivs. about 6, 1 ft. long, H in. broad : peviuncle 

 about 1 ft. long : spathe 1-2-vaIved at the tip : perianth 

 tube shorter, IHin. long : limb nearlv as long as the 

 tube, tinged red outside. B.M. 3727. K.H. 1853: 401.— 

 The best species. Fls. larger, of purer color, and remain- 

 ing open a day or two longer. \Y^ jj^ 



COPRdSMA ( Greek name referring to the fetid odor 

 of the plants). l^rihificfiF. Shrubs or small trees, often 

 trailing, of New Zealand. Australia and Hawaii. Cult, 

 for their pretty fr. or variegated Its. Lvs. opposite, 

 mostly small. Fls. small, solitary or fascicled, white or 

 greenish, polygamous dicecious; corolla-limb -t-G-lobed, 

 the lobes revolute ; stamens 4-6 : f r. an ovoid or globose 



in the open. Prop, by hardened cuttings. The soil 

 which is found among Kalraia roots, mixed with good 

 loam and sand, if necessary, will suit these plants. 

 Cuttings should be rooted in moderate heat in spring, 

 before growth commences. If placed under a handlight 

 or propagating frame, care must be taken to prevent 

 damping, to which the cuttings are liable. 

 Baderi, Endl. (C. Baueridna, Hook. f. 

 C. i'Mciii, Hort.). Trailing plant, with 

 oval-obtuse or rounded entire Its., which 

 are oddly blotched with yellow and whit- 

 ish or even almost wholly yellow. New 

 Zealand. — With age it forms a compact 

 shrub. Vars. picturita, Hort., and varie- 

 gMa, Hort., are the common forms. 



acerosa, A. Cuun. Low and spreading, 

 with minute Its., small white fls., and 

 pretty sky-blue drupes or berries. New 

 Zealand. q. -r^. Qlitek and L. H. B. 



COPTIS (Greek, to cut, from the cut 

 leaves). Jianuticuldceie. Eight species of 

 hardy perennial herbs of the cooler parts 

 of the northern hemisphere. Low, stem- 

 less plants, with slender rootstocks : Ivs. 

 radical, compound or diTided, lasting 

 over winter : fls. white or yellow, sea- 

 pose ; sepals 5-7, petal-like ; petals 5-6, 

 small, linear, hood-like; stamens numer- 

 ous: carpels stalked, few, becoming an 

 umbel of follicles. The bitter roots yield 

 the tonic medicine known as " gold thread ; " 

 also a yellow dye. The plants should have 

 peaty soil, with a little sand, and prefer 

 shade in damp situations. They require 

 some protection in winter, as in a cold 

 pit. Prop, by root division and seed. 



trifdlia, Salisb. No stem : rootstock 

 yellow : Ivs. compound, long-petioled ; 

 Ifts. broadly obovate, cuneate, obtuse, the 

 teeth mucronate : fl. -stem slender ; sepals 

 white, with yellow base ; petals small, 

 club-shaped : follicles 3-7, spreading, 

 equaled by their stalk; seeds black. May- 

 ■July. Adirondacks and westward. L.B.C. 

 2:173.— Neat and pretty, 

 with shining lvs. 



K. C. Davis. 



CORDTLINE 



369 



COEAL BEEEY. Sym- 

 'horicarpus vulgaris. 



COEAL DEOPS. Bes- 



COEALLOEHtZA(Greek 



for coral-root). Orchidd- 

 cem, tribe Epidendrece. 

 Coral Root. Low native 

 orchids, growing in woods and parasitic on roots, des- 

 titute of green foliage, the plant usually brownish or 

 yellowish and inconspicuous. FI. small, somewhat 2- 



24 



lipped, usually obscurely spurred at the base ; sepals 

 and petals nearly alike; lip small, slightly adherent to 

 the base of the column : pollinia 4. Species few, in N. 

 Amer., Eu. and Asia. The Coral-roots have little merit 

 as garden plants, although very interesting to the stu- 

 dent. They may be grown in rich, shady borders. Two 

 species have been offered by dealers in native plants : 

 C. multifldra, Nutt. (Fig. 545), is purplish, l^^ft. or less 

 high, 10-30-fld., lip deeply 3-lobed: grows in dry woods 

 in northern states; C. Mertensiana, Bong., scape many- 

 fld., 8-15 in. high, the lip entire and broadly oblong- 

 occurs in Brit. Col. and N. to Alaska. ' L H B 



COEAL-EOOT. Corallorliiza. 



COEAL-TEEE. Erythrinn. 



C6ECH0EUS Japdnicus. See Kerria. The genus 

 contains the two plants that furnish Jute, C. capsularis 

 (which yields most) and C. olitorius. They are annual 

 plants, natives of Asia but cultivated throughout the 

 tropics, growing 10 or 12 ft. high, with a straight stem 

 as thick as the little flnger and branched oniT at the top. 

 The young shoots of both are used as pot herbs. C. oli- 

 torius is much grown for this purpose in EgTpt, and is 

 known as Jews' Mallow. They belong to the TiUctcea. 



COEDIA (an early Germ 



BorraginAceoe. Warm-clii 

 American. Calvx tnlmlnr 

 lobed : corolla tubular. I"l 



1 botanist, Valerius Cordus). 

 ate trees or shrubs, mostly 

 r canipanulate, toothed or 

 1. till- ).;u-ts and the stamens 

 tormore: style L'-l"li..l : fv. a .li iipe which is 4-loculed 

 and usually 4-sefd.-.l : Iv-. , niire or toothed. The 

 Cordias are greenhoii-t- pUiuts with showy fls., of easy 

 cult. Grown In the open in the extreme S. Prop, by 

 cuttings of firm wood and by seeds. 



SebestSna, Linn. (C «;)fcidsa, Willd.). Geiger Tree. 

 Tall shrub or small tree, hairy, with rough, broail-ovate, 

 large-stalked lvs.: fls. 1-2 in. long, scarlet, stalked, in 

 large, open, terminal clusters, the crumpled corolla- 

 lobes and stamens 5-12 : drupe enclosed in the hazel- 

 like husk formed by the persistent calvx. Keys of Fla. 

 and S. B.M. 794. 



Other Cordias, of which there are many, are likclv to come 

 nto cult, in the southern count r\ ' (,..,, i,,,. ,, i',,i. 

 (ten, W.its. (G.F. 2:23;ii,nf M.x: . ,-:..,f 



ts fls. equals the C. Sebestena ' ' 1/ I ,..ii 



• ■ rHl..isonenfth.-i" ^ ,,.■ ,, , ;.,:,,,, :,^ .,, lly 

 ly.ah, , ,:.>. ^ ,j^ ^ 



COEDYLiNE {dub-like: referring to the fleshy roots). 

 Lilidcea. DraOvEna. A genus of greenhouse plants 

 closely related to Dractena, but the ovary contains sev- 

 eral ovules in each cell, and the solitary pedicels are 

 provided with a 3-bracted involucre : stem tall, often 

 woody, bearing large, crowded lvs., to the striking varie- 

 gation of which the group owes its value: fls. panicled; 

 stamens 6 : pedicels articulated : perianth 6-parted : 

 ovary 3-ceIIed : fr. a berry. Cultivated for the orna- 

 mental foliage. The horticultural forms and names have 

 become very numerous. The various species are in the 

 trade under Dracsena, which see for a key to the species 

 of both genera combined. In the following paragraphs, 

 the initial D indicates that the plant in question is 

 known in the trade as a Draciena.and C that it is known as 

 aCord}-line (seel)rac(nia). For a monograph, see Baker, 

 Journ. Linn. Soc. 14: 538 (1875). g. M. Wiegand. 



Of Cordylines or Dracfena, propagation is generally 

 effected by cutting the ripened stems or trunks, from 

 which all lvs. have been removed, into pieces from 2^ 

 in. long. These are laid either in very light soil or in 

 sand in the propagating bed, where they receive a bot- 

 tom heat of about 80° , being barely covered with sand 

 or moss (Fig. 546). The eyes soon start into growth, 

 and, as soon as they have attained a height of 3-4 in., 

 are cut off with a small heel and again placed in the 

 propagating bed until rooted, after which they are 

 potted off into small pots in light soil, kept close until 

 they become established. They are then shifted on into 

 larger pots as soon as well rooted. They delight In a 

 mixture of 3 parts good, turfy loam and 1 part well- 



