CORYDALIS 



half the leneth of the body, somewhat decurved : cap- 

 sules spreadiiiK or pendulous, about 1 in. long ; seeds 

 10-12, turirid. I'btu^r at margin, the shining surface ob- 

 scurely iiitt.-.l. K'.iikv banks of Lower Canada and N. 

 New EiiKlaii.l. ii.iitliwest to latitude 64°, west to Brit. 

 Col. and Ore., south to Tex., Ariz, and Mex. ; not Jap.— 

 Tbe western forms have the spur almost as long as the 

 body of the corolla and pass into 



Var. occident&lis, Engelm. More erect and tufted, 

 from a stouter and sometimes more enduring root : fls. 

 larger ; spur commonly a.scending : capsules thicker; 

 seeds less turgid, acutish at margins. Colo., New Mex., 

 W. Tex., Ariz. Cult, by D.M. Andrews, Boulder, Colo., 

 who considers it biennial. 



curvisiliqua, Engelm. Probably a biennial. Com- 

 monly more robust than C. aiireii, ascending or erect, 

 1 ft. high or less: fls. golden yellow, over % in. long, in 

 a spike-like raceme ; spur as long as the body, com- 

 monly ascending : capsules quadrangular, IK in. long ; 

 seeds turgid to lens-shaped, with acute margins densely 

 and minutely netted. Woods in Tex. Cult, by D. M. 

 Andrews, Boulder, Colo. 



Ititea, DC. Erect or spreading, 6-8 in. high, annual, or 

 forming a tufted stock of several years' duration : Ivs. 

 delicate, pale green, much divided ; segments ovate or 

 wedge-shaped, and 2-3-lobed : fls. pale yellow, about 

 H in. long, in short racemes; spur short : pod a fourth 

 or third of an inch long. Stony places of S. Eu., and 

 runs wild in Eu. 



C.cdva. Schweigg. & Kort. (probaoly a form of C. tuberosa. 



W. M. 



C0RYL6FSIS (Corifltis and op«i's, likeness; in foliage 

 resembling the Hazel). HamameliMcea. Deciduous 

 shrubs, rarely trees : Ivs. alternate, deciduous, dentate : 

 fls. in nodding racemes, appearing before the Ivs., yel- 

 low ; petals and stamens 5 : fr. a 2-celled, dehiscent 

 capsule, with 2 shining black seeds. Six species in E. 

 Asia and Himal. Low oriKiiii.iital slnul.s, with sh-uder 

 branches and pale bluish un-r.n. .hstiin-t io|i;ii;,-; very 



attractive in early spriiiLT. wIi.m v.t-.mI witli vdlcnv, 



fragrant fls. Not hardy north of New York. Thi y grow 

 best in peaty and sandy soil. Prop. l)y seeds sown in 

 spring, best with slight" bottom heat, aiid by cuttings of 

 half -ripened wood in summer under glass; also by lay- 

 ers, rooting readily in moderately moist, peaty soil. 



pauciE16ra, Sieb. & Zucc. Low, much-branched shrub, 

 2-3 ft. : Ivs. obliquely cordate, ovate, sinuate-dentate, 

 ciliate, pubescent and glaucous beneath, 1-2 in. long : 

 racemes 2-3-fld., yi-% in. long : fls. light yellow. Jap. 

 S.Z.20. G.P. 5:342. Gt. 48:1467. 



spicitta, Sieb. & Zucc. Shrub, to 4 ft. : Ivs. oblique and 

 rounded or cordate at the base, roundish ovate or obo- 

 vate, sinuate-dentate, glaucous beneath and inilxseent, 

 2-3)^ in. long: racemes 7-in-fld., 1 '2 in. !"Iil'- H-. bright 

 yellow. Jap. S.Z. 19. F,.^!. .-.4'- ' - ' ' |{.H. 



1869, p. 230 ; 1878, p. KLs.-Tlii^ -p. . , , ,■ and 



handsomer foliage and tls. .1 a ih ; i^jiger 



racemes, but C paucifluru 11u\vli.> im-l laulu-uly and 

 is somewhat hardier. 



C. Himnlaydna, Griff. Shrub 

 cordate-ovate, 4-7 1 

 6779. Tender. 



all tree, to 20 ft.: Iv 

 in. long. Himal. B.^ 

 Alfred Rehdee. 



CCKYLUS (ancient Greek name). Cupullferm, tribe 

 BetulAcew. Hazel. Filbert. Cobnut. Shrubs, rarely 

 trees : Ivs. alternate, deciduous, stipulate, petioled, ser- 

 rate and more or le.ss pubescent : fls. moncecious, ap- 

 pearing before the Ivs., staminate, in long, pendulous 

 catkins, formed the previous year, and remaining naked 

 during the winter (Fig. i560), each bract bearing 4 di- 

 vided stamr-n?; pistillate in.'luilr.l in ;, -mill, --iily bud 



included' or siin-onn. I. ■il liv ,■! hat\ - ii... > iillvin 



clusters at Ihrona of short l.ranrln. I , ...i.^sin 



N. Amer., Eu. and Asia are .lescr;l»d. Xuia, rous va- 

 rieties are cult, in Eu. for their edible nuts. They are 

 also valuable for planting shrubberies, and thrive "in al- 

 most any soil. Prop, by seeds sown in fall, or stratified 



CORYLUS 381 



and sown in spring ; the varieties usually bv suckers, 

 or by layers, put down in fall or spring ;' th"ey will be 

 rooted the following fall. Bud.lini,' in siiiumer is some- 

 times practiced for growing st:Mi.|;M M i n . -. ann grafting 

 in spring in the greenhouse f.ir s.^o-.'o \:in.ties. They 

 may also be increased by cuttinu-s of matiirc wood taken 

 off in fall, kept during "the winter in sand or moss in a 

 cellar and planted in spring in a warm and sandy soil. 

 Illustrated monograph of the cultivated varieties by- 

 Franz Goeschke, Die Haselnuss 

 (1887). See, also, bulletin on Nut- 

 culture by the U. S. Dept. of Agr. 



561. Pistillate 



flowers of 

 Corylus rostrata. 



A. Husk or involucre consisting of two distinct bracts 



{sometimes parthj connate). 

 B. Involucre deeply divided Into mmiji linear, nearly 

 entire segments, denseh/ /<. s. t irith glandular 

 hairs. Tree. 

 Columa, Linn. Tree, to 70 ft. : Ivs. deeply cordate, 

 roundish ovate to ovate-oblong, slightly lobed and 

 doubly crenate-serrate, at length nearly glabrous above, 

 pubescent beneath, 3-7 in. long: nut roundish ovate, 

 4-5 in. long. From S. Eu.. to Himal. — Ornamental tree, 

 with regular pyramidal, head, not quite hardy north. 

 Rarely cult, for the fr. under the name of Filbert of 

 Constantinople or Constantinople nut. 



B. Involucre sparingly glandular, with lanceolate or 

 triangular-dentate lobes: nut slightly compressed. 

 Shrubs. 

 Americana, Walt. Fig. 562. Shrub, 3-8 ft.: Ivs. 

 slightly cordate or rounded at the base, broadly ovate 

 or oval, irregularly siri-atc, s]iariiii.'ly pubescent above, 

 finely tomentose ben. ,ith. ::-il in, long: involucre com- 

 pressed, exceeding tin nni, tin _' In arts sometimes more 

 or less connate, with raiiit-r s|nn-t. irregular, toothed 

 lobes : nut roundish ovate, about H in. high. From 

 Canada to Fla. west to Ontario and Dak. B.B. 1:507.— 

 Two forms of involucre are shown in Fig. 562. This 

 figure is adapted from the bulletin of the Dept. of Agr. 

 on Nut-culture. 



Aveliana, Linn. Figs. 560, 562. Shrub, to 15 ft. : Ivs. 

 slightly cordate, roundish oval or broadly obovate, 

 doubly serrate and often slightly lobed, at length nearly 

 glabrous above, pubescent on the veins beneath : in- 

 volucre shorter than the nut, deeply and irregularly in- 

 cised: nut roundish ovate, J<-?i in. high. Eu., N. Afr., 

 W. Asia. -Var. aiirea, Hort. Lvs. yellow. Var. laciniata, 

 Hort. (var. heterophylla. Loud.). Lvs. laciniately in- 

 cised or lobed. Var. p^ndnla, Hort. With pendulous 

 branches. There are also many varieties cultivated for 

 their fruit. 



