or in a refriger 



Hazelnuts in 



"^ sometimes 



I ;il>road, espe- 

 itirr indefinite 

 general, such 







of the highest quality : husk smooth. 



COEYLUS 



The nuts should not be gathered until ripe, a condition 

 indicated by the browning of the edges of the husk. If 

 left until fully ripe, many of the nuts will rattle out and 

 be lost. The highest prices are obtained for freshly 

 gathered nuts in the husks. To prevent husks from 

 molding, they should be well dried or slightly sulphured. 

 Hazelnuts may he held for considerable periods in tight 

 receptacles, as casks or jars, by sprinkling salt over them 

 and storing them in a cool, dry pli 

 ated compartment. 



Pew insects trouble the Enr. 

 America, the nut wcpvil of Fiirniu 

 not haviii',' yit \u-ru iKitni.il' ■ ' i 

 does consi.l.-ralilc iiijmv i,. ■ i . : 



Nuts ana FUlH-rt> ;iivi, in^ , .^ 

 cially in Eu-hmd. t.. disi;^'i,:>.. ,, , 

 forms of C. -Ice'/niin and ('. M'i,r;, 

 varieties as have husks shorter than their fruits are 

 termed Nuts, while such as have husks as long as or 

 longer than their fruits are designated Filberts. 



But few varieties are known in America, most of the 

 Hazels grown being seedlings from imported nuts. Va- 

 rieties of C. Avellana and C. maxima are not. clearly 

 distinguishable, but in general those with husks longer 

 than the nuts are assigned to C. maxima, and those with 

 short husks to C. Avellana. 



Alba (White Filbert). Regarded inEngland as one of thebest 

 varieties. Can be kept in husk longer than most others because 

 of constricted form of husk. Kernel covered with a white skin. 

 Known as Avelinier Blanche, Wrotham Park, etc. Succeeds iu 

 California. 



Cosford (Miss Young's. Thin-shelled). Nut obi 

 shelled, of excellent quality: in a hirsute, laciniated 1 

 the same length as nut. 



Crispa (Cape Xut, Frizzled Filbert). Nut thin-shelled, some- 

 what flattened, late; in husks curiously frizzled throughout and 

 wide open at the mouth. Very productive. 



Doivnton Large Square. Nut very large, semi-square, thick- 

 shelled and weU flUe ■ " ' 



shorter than nut. 



Du Chilly. A fine. large, compressed-cylindrical variety, with 

 moderately thick shell, and of fine quality. Introduced from 

 France by Felix Gillet, of California. The largest Filbert grown 

 in America so far as known. 



Grandis (Round Cobnut). Nut large, short, slightly com- 

 pressed, of good quality when fresh, with a thick and hard shell ; 

 in a short husk, much frizzled and hairy. One of the 1 

 ties ; considered the true Barcelona nut of eomme 

 known as Downton. Dwarf Prolific, Great Cob, Pears 

 lific and Round Cob. 



Jones. A short, roundish nut, of medium size.and good quality, 

 somewhat grown for several years in central Delaware. Bush 

 hardy and \igorous, producing suckers freely, and thus far free 

 from disease. 



Lambert (Lambert's Filbert. Lambert's Nut, Filbert Cob ; 

 Kentish Cob. erroneously). Nut large, oblong, somewhat com- 

 pressed: shell rather thick: kernel plump and of rich flavor: an 

 excellent keeper. Husk quite smooth, longer than nut and but 

 slightly cut in margin. Tree productive. Considered the best 

 variety grown in England, where it has been known since 1812. 



Purple-leaved. Nut large and of excellent quality: in a husk 

 longer than, the fruit. Planted for ornament, and productive of 

 good nuts under proper treatment. The leaves and husks are 

 of a deep purple' color, which is retained until frost. The stami- 

 nate catkins are tender and often injured by frosts in winter, 

 but when supplied with pollen from some more hardy variety 

 it yields large crops. 



Bed Aveline (.\velineer Rouge. Red Hazel) . Nut large, ovate, 

 thin-shelled, with a smooth, red-skinned kernel, and of sweet 

 nutty flavor. This variety is prized in eastern California as a 

 productive sort of good quality. 



Spanish. Nut very large, oblong, thick-shelled, with a smooth 

 husk longer than the fruit. Sometimes confounded with Grau- 

 <lis. Vf. A. Tavlor. 



C0RYN6STYLIS ( Greek, describing the club-shaped 

 style). Violficeiv. Woody climbers, with alternate Ivs. 

 and racemes of lonff-stalki-d vioIet-Iike fls. C. Hyb4nthU8, 

 Mart. & Zucc. (('.;/"/'. -' .1 n!.;:t:;. (iin-. Curyndstylis 

 AublUii,noTt.]. i- ■ • . • • I'. Am. rica. The Ivs. 

 are large, ovat.-, - . Im.-. in short axillary 



fascicles, which ar ^ - .il.m;; the stem, long- 

 spurred, 2 or 3 tiiiiL.- .1.,. ..u .;u .1.- a viukt. F.S. 21 : 2213. 

 —A handsome, vigorous warmhouse climber, and cult, in 

 the open in S. California. Prop, by cuttings and seeds. 





COSMIDIUM 383 



COK'S'FHA (Greek for summit or (ojo. -where the Ivs. 

 grow). Palm&cea, tribe Corilphea. Tall, spineless, 

 monocarpic palms : trunk stout, ringed : Ivs. terminal, 

 large, orbicular, flabellately divided to the middle into 

 '-lanceolate segments ; segments indupli- 

 1 the bud; rachis none; ligule small: petiole long, 

 concave above, spiny on the margins : sheaths 

 -|i:idi\ -.ii;i:ii> ..rr.t. pan i.-iilatclv much branched; 

 il.ii-. >h<;,t!iini.' the peduncle and 

 ' I fr-^. :i^ hir:.'!- as a cherry, with a 



i'iM '! " ' i'- 'i : TrMpi. Ill A vi;i..indMalay Archi- 

 ll,,, ,,,.,. ,.,,1,,, ,,,,.,! rhesameasCham- 



1'' "iliMiise plants, prop, 



i nuts are made of 



pelagu. Th. - 

 serops and L: 

 by seeds. L 

 the Talipot i 

 Coryphas :i 

 of young pli 

 'ith stable 



• L' tM,, I! , ,,iMni.r'-iaUy, the growth 

 slow, (iood loara well enriched 



I night temperature of 65° and 

 abundant moisture, are the chief requisites in their cul- 

 ture, with a moderately shaded house during the 



eiata, Roxb. (C. Gebdnga, Blume). Trunk straight, 

 60-70 ft. high, 2 ft. in diam., spirally ridged: Ivs. lunate, 

 8-10 ft. in diam. : segments 80-100, separated nearly to the 

 middle, ensiform, obtuse or bifid : petioles 6-12 ft., 

 with black margins and curved spines. Bengal and 

 Burma. 



umbraculifera, Linn. Talipot Palm. Fig. 563. Trunk 

 annulate, 60-80 ft. : Ivs. sub-lunate, 6 ft. long by 13 ft. 

 wide, palmately pinnatifid, conduplicate above the mid- 

 dle : segments obtusely bifid : petiole 7 ft., the spines 



^fe 



563. Corypha umbraculifera. 



along its margins often in pairs. Malabar coast and 

 Ceylon. A.P. 12:313. Gng.5:213. The picture (Fig. 563) 

 is adapted from Martius' Natural History of Palms. 



0. australis, R. Br. See Livistona. — C. macrophylla.yioTt.=t— 

 O. minor, Jacq. See Sabal.— C Wbgani, Hort., is a dwarf round- 

 Ivd. plant. A.G.1.5:307. 



Jabed G. Smith, and W. H. Taplin. 



COSMANTHUS. All included in Phacelia. 



COSMlDIUM is Thelesperma. 



