398 CREPIS 



hairy. July, Eu., Asia, Minor, Himalayas. Gn. 53, p. 

 493. — The tallest aud largest-fld. of the genus. Its 

 white, plumy masses of seeds are also attractive. 



C. aurea, Keiehb. Height 1ft., fis. orange. .June. Eu. The 

 commonest perennial species of the genus abroad. Repays rich 

 soil.— C. rubra, Linn. Annual height 6-32 in.; lis. red. usually 

 solitary. Italy. Greece. The commonest of the annual species 

 abroad. 



CRESCfiNTIA (after Crescenzi, thirteenth century 

 Italian agricultural writer). BignontAcece. This genus 

 is chiefly interesting for the Calabash tree, and has no 

 near allies of horticultural importance. It consists of 

 tropical trees, glabrous: Ivs. alternate, solitary or clus- 

 tered in nodes : fls. large, tubular, with a fluted ."i-i-ut 

 limb, yellowish, with red ori.ur|ilf v.ins: calvx L! i.;iit. ,1 

 or deeply 5-cut. The Calal.;.~li ti> .■ i- a nativ. ,,i i,,.,,,- 

 cal America, is especially faniiliar m ili.' W. -i Irrh. -, 

 and can be grown outdoors in cKtr.-in,- s. Fla.. S. i alil. 

 The outer skin of the fruit is removed, aud the seeds 

 and pulp from within, and the hard, woody shell is 

 used for water-gourds and for all sorts of domestic ves- 

 sels, according to size and shape. The growing fruit 

 can be made to assume various forms by skillful tying. 



Cui4te,Linn. Lvs.4-6in.long,broadly lanceolate, taper- 

 ing at the base : fls. solitary, pendulous; calyx 2-parted 

 corolla constricted bejow the middle, and then swelled 

 above, malodorous when decaying; stamens 4, some- 

 times 5. B.M. 3430. 



CBESS. The ordinary garden Cress (Lepidium sati- 

 vum), sometimes called peppergrass, is still absent in 

 the majority of American gardens, although its leaves 

 have the pleasant pungency of the Water Cress, and 

 might be used more freely as a condiment, to be served 

 with salads, or for garnishing. The quick sprouting 

 habit of the seed i- |in.\ .rl.ial. If rr.— i> wanted in 

 Its prime continU"ii-l> . -.■.■.! mu^t In- -imn i \ i r-v few 

 days. The youn;; iilani-. uliirh jrjay !.:■ Lit iln.Lly in 

 drills, need protec-ii..ii 11..111 tlie il.a lieetle. a- ilii> is as 

 fond of Cress pungency a.s any guuiiiiaiul. I'ur winter 

 use, garden Cress may be grown in large flower pots, 

 boxes, or on a bench, in any light and reasonably warm 

 place. There are curled and broad-leaved types. Aus- 

 tralian or Golden Cress is a broad, yellowish -leaved va- 

 riety. Water Cress {Ifastiirthim officinale), a. h&Tdy 

 perennial and important market crop, can be grown in 

 moist soil in the greenhouse, or in almost any ditch, 

 pool, or shallow water course. Covered with water, it 

 winters well. To introduce it in any suitalile place, all 

 that is necessary is to scatter seed i.r a few freslily-cut 

 branches, and it will soon spread aud tlourisli. "Erfurt 

 Sweet" is a superior strain. Similar ti. Water Cress in 

 form of leaf and in taste is the Upland Cress {Burba- 

 rea viilnarix), a. hardy biennial which can easily be 

 grown from seed. T. Grein-er. 



CEIMSON FLAG. .S'c7ii 



styli; 



CRINKLE ROOT. One of the names of Dentaria 

 diphylla. 



CRtNUM (Greek name for a lily). AmaryUidiceo'. 

 A rather large and cosmopolitan genus of splendid flow- 

 ering bulbs, mostly tender, closely allied to Amaryllis, 

 and distinguished bv the loiiL'er perianth tube. Lvs. 

 mostly persistent, u^naliv l.iv.rel : ris. few or many in an 

 umbel, often very irii.M,int kmI with three types of 

 coloring, pure whiti , i.m-i. I i.d <.r purplish down the 

 center, or flushed with tin- same colors ; perianth 

 spreading or funnel sliaped; tube straight or curved; 

 segments linear, lanceolate or oblong. 



The species of Crinum require widely different cul- 

 ture, and their geographical distribution furnishes an 

 important clue as to their rarity and the degree of 

 warmth required. There are only two hardy species, C. 

 longifolium and U. Moorei, the latter being iess hardy 

 than the former, but with finer flowers. These two 



■ lasting 

 between 

 tind the 



brilliant 

 laces far 



CRINUM 



species differ from all others in blooming : 

 stead of durinir a sli.u-t period, and in tin- i 



the two, ('. /'"'" "", 1- iial-Oh : ■ ■ ' . 1/ 



flower, thotiLHi li'i I. r than '' ■ I <iuite as 



showy as that nf 1 '. M<.,,r, /. Th. 'r, !.i hi Li- tliree well 

 marked colors, white, rose and puridisli. X single bulb 

 of the white variety has given fifty flowering bulbs in 

 four years. W. Watson says that tliis cross can easily be 

 repeated by amateurs. The outdoor kinds require a deep, 

 well drained soil an<l ]>h my .i' nai- [ ure during the grow- 

 " . W. Watson, Lon- 



■ - lis positions on ter- 

 races or lawns, or in e 1 1 . - .. n. i . n^uers are wanted to 

 rnnihinc with arcliit. . i,.i . ..1 >iaiiiaiy for smnraer effect, 

 thr\ ar-- ..t thi- jT.ai. -i ■, aine. The Agapanthus is fre- 

 'jiniiilv a^"^^n i^r -la'li purposes, but the Crinum is 

 ^iai-'ai\ kn.^wn in tin- p-liataeter. Of course largespeci- 



nieiis air n' . ,|. ,1. I'Mt ..n htained thev are not easily 



lost." Tile l.nlli- •<< Crjninns are ni.'sily irruwnin Hol- 

 land and in Flm-ida, TI niv nati\-e -|„.eie^, r. Ameri- 



and striking' s].erta('le when seei 

 from civilization. It is no wonder 

 Florida gardens. 



Of the greenhouse Crinums some are evergreen, others 

 decidous; some warmhouse, others coolhouse species. 

 Like Pancratiums, tliev r. q-iire tr>.. inn.'li ^i-n.-, to he as 

 popular here as in the iiM w e 1 1 s,,.i ,, . ,~|Hiiallv 

 of C. amahile and CI I 1 1 - i<ni -av's 



(G.F. 10: 217): "Vnv. .... ■ : ,-' ■■! taffy 



loam, dry cow-manure ami a litil.. rliaiviaJ. W hen they 

 are grown in large pots they do not require aimual re- 

 potting : in fact, our large plants have not been shifted 

 for the past five years. A top-dressing of good, rich soil 

 is all that is necessary, and when they are well estab- 

 lished liquid manure is very beneficial." C. amabiJe 

 may be taken as a type of the coolhouse and C gigan- 

 teiim of the warmhouse kind. Of the latter species, W. 

 Watson says (G. F. 4: 221) : "It is gigantic only in the 

 size of its flowers. The erect scapes are produced sev- 

 eral times a year at varying seasons. The flowers are 

 powerfully and deliciously fragrant, and last about a 

 week. This species requires plenty of moisture all the 

 year round, and it is happiest when planted in a large pot 

 of rich soil, or better still, in a bed under the shade of 

 palms." -w. M. 



Among the great family of large-flowering Amaryllids 

 I do not recall anv more beautiful in bloom than Crinum 

 Moorei and its hybrid C. Poivellii. The culture of the 

 former is of the simplest. It requires potting, and is not 

 fastidious as to soil. It is well to grow it along into a 

 fair-sized tub with its offsets, of which it is prolific, until 

 it makes a good specimen, as it will then be more effective 

 in the garden when in flower. In late fall it should be 

 removed to a coolhouse and kept fairly dry till new 

 leaves appear in midwinter, when it may have more 

 moisture, the supply being increased on removal out- 

 doors in spring. C. Powellii has a shorter necked bulb 

 and drooping channelled leaves sometimes 4 feet long, 

 while C. Moorei has spreading leaves 2 feet or more 

 long. C. Powellii is especially valuable for its hardi- 

 ness. In a sheltered place at Elizabeth, N. J., it is 

 cut to the ground, but reappears in the spring, being 

 protected only by a small mound of ashes or earth, which 

 serves to throw off moisture. 



J. N. Gerard. 



Alphabetical list of species described below: C. Abys- 

 sinicum, l(i : amabile, 3 ; .•^niericanum, 4 ; aquatieum, 

 15; Asiaticuni. 1: auL'-nstiiTii d; oj/s7rrt?e, 2; campanu- 



latnm, 15; Tr//.. i/,.. , n , ' ,,„ i; Colensoi, 10; cras- 



.sifolium, l.i: JlhM.a : : ,-. Ait., 7; erubes- 



(■e««,HBK.,,s: tiinlii! , . jmteum, 21; grandi- 



florum, 9; Herb. rti. 1'.'; //.,'- - ' i.-./h. 19; hybridum, 1; 

 KirkU, 11; Knnthiannm. Hurt., 19; Kunthianum, 

 Roem., 8; lineare, 17; longifolium, 9; Mackenii,W; 

 Makoyanum, 10; Moorei, 10 ; Jfatatense, 10 ; ornatum, 

 14 ; pedunculatum, R.Br., 2 ; pedunculatum, Hort., 1 ; 

 Powellii, 18; pratense, 5; riparium,9; scabro-Capense, 

 19; scabrum, 19; Sehmidtii, 10; Sinico-scabrum, 1 ; va- 

 riabile, 13 ; Sanderianum, 14 ; virgineum, 22; Virgini- 

 cum, 19 ; Zeylanicum, 12. 



