404 



CROTALARIA 



species is C. rettisa, a hardy, yellow-fld. rnniial, which 

 has been compared to a dwarf sweet pea. For best re- 

 sults, the seed should be started early indoors, after be- 

 ing soaked in warm water. The name is commonly mis- 

 spelled Crotolaria. Greenhouse kinds are subject to red 

 spider. C.juncea, yields the Sunn hemp of India. 



Lvs 





reWsa, Linn. Annual, V4 ft. high: branches few, 

 short: lvs. entire, very various in shape, but typically 

 obovate with a short mucro, clothed beneath with short 

 appressed hairs : -fls. about 12 in a raceme, yellow, 

 streaked or blotched with purple; standard roundish, 

 notched. Cosmop. June-Aug. — Introduced 189G, as a 

 novelty and called "dwarf golden yellow-flowering pea." 

 "golden yellow sweet pea," etc. The flowers are mu^h 

 less fragrant than the true sweet pea. 

 AA. Lvs. foliohite. 



longirostrita. Hook. & Arn. Greenhouse plant, her- 

 baceous or somewhat shrubby, much branched, 3 ft. 

 high; branches long, slender, glabrous; petioles 1/4 in. 

 long; leaflets 3, oblong, with a minute mucro, glabrous 

 above, hoary beneath, with very short, appressed, silky 

 hairs: racemes erect: calyx with 2 upper lobes ovate, 

 the 3 lower ones lanceolate : fls. as many as 25 in a ra- 

 ceme, yellow with reddish stripe along the back of the 

 unopened flower; standard wider than long, reflexed, 

 notched. W. Hex., Guat. B.M. 7306. F.R. 1:809. 



Cap6nsis, Jacq. Stout, much branched shrub, 4-5 ft. 

 high: branches terete, appressedly silky; stipules when 

 present petiolulate, obovate and leaf-like, obsolete or 

 wanting on many petioles; leaflets broadly obovate, ob- 

 tuse or mucronulate, glabrous or minutely pubescent on 

 one or both sides : racemes terminal or opposite the 

 lvs., loose, many-fld. : calyx and pod pubescent; wings 

 transversely wrinkled and pitted. S. Afr. — Cult, in Fla. 

 by Reasoner Bros. -^^ jj^ 



CBOTON (Greek name of another plant). Euphorbi- 

 dcecp. Some 500 species of trees, shrubs, or herbs, 

 widely distributed. They are sometimes dioecious, but 

 commonly the fls. are monoecious and mostly in terminal 

 spikes or racemes. Calyx of sterile fls. 4-6 (usually 5) 

 pMi-l.-.l. Ilir staiiii-iis ,") i.r niorr; |ic-tiils u-iKilIy ]. resent, 

 lull -iiKill. I'.ilyx .i|' r.i-tilr 11-. .".-Ill i,,ii-tr,l. |„iiiK none 



allrriKiti'. A IVw s|M-i-ii-s ;irT lialn.- Im tlir I'. S.; they 

 are mostly aiiim.,1 heil.s of no U.,ru.-uiu„-.,\ ^:,\,lv. The 

 Crotons of florists are Codiaum^. \\liii)i -. <■, 



C. Tiglium, Linn., is the only sp. i. ^ kiM,« n t.. be in 

 the Amer. trade. The seeds yield tin- < r'.ton ..il of com- 

 merce, one of the mostpowerful of [.iirgatues. It is a 

 small tree of Southeastern Asia. Lvs. ovate-acumi. 

 nate, serrate, stalked, varying in hue from metallic green 

 to bronze and orange. Offered in South Ol. as an orna- 

 mental and curious plant. L. jj. B. 



CROWFOOT. See RuHHnvuhi.o. 



CROWN, or CORONA. Any outgrowth from the throat 

 of the perianth, as the trumpet of a Narcissus, or the 

 fringe of a Passion Flower. Crown is also applied to 

 the top of a bulb, corm, or upright rootstoek : also that 

 part of a plant at the surface of the ground. 



CROWN BEARD. 





CROWN IMPERIAL. FritiUaria ImperiaUs. 

 CROWN OF THORNS. Knphorbia splendens. 



CBUCIANfiLLA (Latin, a liltle cross; from the ar- 

 rangement of the lvs.). Bubidcea>. Ckoss-wort. This 

 genus contuins a hardy rock plant of minor importance. 



Not nvi-i- t'lMf •_'! .^i-.M^ips, of herbs often woody at the 



base; I'l i' - 'i-i .!!v long, slender, 4-comered: upper 



lvs. .i| : If stipules: lower lvs. or all in 



whorl- lunar or lanceolate, rarely ovate or 



obovati: !U. -mall, white, rosy or blue. Natives of the 



CRYPTOGAMS 



Mediterranean region and western Asia. The genus la 

 closely related to Asperula, and is distinguished by the 

 flowers having bracts, not an involucre, and the style 

 branches distinctly unequal instead of nearly equal. 

 The species below has lately been referred to Asperula. 

 It is of easy culture, preferring light, moderate loam and 

 partial shade. A delicate plant for the front of borders, 

 and capital for the rockery. Prop, chiefly by division, 

 and also by seeds. 



styI6sa, Trin. {Asperula cilidta, Rochel). Pros- 

 trate, 6-9 in. high: lvs. in whorls of 8 or 9, lanceolate, 

 hispid: fls. small, crimson-pink, in round terminal heads 

 half an inch in diam.; floral parts in 5's; style club- 

 shaped, long exserted, very shortly twice cut at the top. 



-Aug. Persia. 



B. Keller and W. M. 



CRUEL PLANT. Same as Mosquito Plant, Cyn 



chii 



ifoli 



CRYPTANTHUS (Greek, for hidden flower: the 

 flowers concealed beneath the bracts). BromelicLcecK, 

 Brazilian epiphytal Bromeliads, differing from .^chmea 

 and Billbergia (which see for culture) in the tubular 

 calyx and the dense heads of fls. nearly sessile amongst 

 the lvs. Mongr. bv Mez (who recognizes 8 species) in 

 DC. Monogr. Phane'r. 9 (1896). 



A. Lvs. not narrowed or petiolate above the sheath. 



acatllis, Beer [TiUdndsia acaiiHs, Lindl. C. unduli- 

 tus, Otto & Dietr. ). A few inches high, suckering 

 freely : lvs. sea-green, long-pointed and spreading, weak- 

 spiny: fls. white, nestling deep in the foliage. B.R. 

 14:1157.— A very variable plant, of which Mez recog- 

 nixes the following leading types : 



Var. genulna, Mez. Stemless or very nearly so : lvs. 

 sub-elliptic-lanceolate, strongly undulate, gray-scurfy 

 beneath, scurfy above. 



Var. discolor, Mez ( C.discolor, Otto & Dietr. ) . Stem- 

 less or nearly so: lvs. elongated, scarcely undulate, sil- 

 very-scurfy below, glabrous or nearly so above. 



Var. rtber, Mez (C. riiber. Beer). Produces a branch- 

 ing stem or trunk: lvs. short, strongly undulate, reddish. 



Var. bromelioldes, Mez (C bromelioldes, Otto & 

 Dietr.). Stem tall: lvs. much elongated, scarcely undu- 

 late, remotely spinulose. 



Var. diversildliuB, Mez (C. diversifdlius, Beer). Stem- 

 bearing: lvs. elongate-lingulate, deep green above, sil- 

 very-scurfy beneath. 



zon&tus, Beer. Lvs. oblong-lanceolate, the margin 

 undulate and densely serrate-spinulose, marked with 

 transverse bands of white: fls. white. 



bivittatus, Kegel (Billbirgia bivitt&ta, Hook. B. 

 vittAta,HoTt.). Nearly or quite stemless : lvs. long-ob- 

 long, curving, long-pointed, somewhat undulate, spiny, 

 dull brown beneath, green above and with two narrow 

 buff or reddish bars extending the length of the leaf: 

 fls. white. B.M. 5270. 



AA. Lvs. narrowed or petiolate above the sheath. 



Beilckeri, Morr. Lvs. 10-20, oblong, pointed, canalicu- 

 late at base, very finely spiny, brownish green or rosy 

 and spotted or striped with light green: fls. white. 



L. H. B. 



CRYPTOGAMS are flowerless plants, an.i th.y ,in.<hice 

 not seeds but spores. The whole vej^t-rutil.- l.iti^'il<iiii has 

 been split into two vast classes, the tl.iw. rim.' plants or 

 phanerogams and the flowerless oms <ir .■iy[,i,,i.-ams. 

 Cryptogam means "concealed nuptials," and pliantrngam 

 means " visible nuptials." These names were given when 

 it was thought that the sexual parts of the flowerless 

 plants were very minute or even wanting. The word is 

 now falling into disfavor with botanists. Cryptogams 

 are of less horticultural interest than the flowering 

 plants, although they include the Ferns, and some inter- 

 esting smaller groups, asSelaginellas, Lycopods or Club 

 Mosses. Two other vast groups are the Seaweeds or 

 Algae, and the Fungi. For the edible Fungi, see Mush- 

 rooms. For parasitic Fungi, see Diseases and Fungus. 

 For a general sketch of the Ferns and their allies, see 

 Ferns. 



