422 



CUTTAGE 



whub 



Although it is tender plants, in the main, which are 

 propagated by cuttings of growing wood, the above 

 methods can be practiced advantageously with some 

 hardj plants Tht wood, 

 m^arIably 

 uc( . ssful if hard- 

 s obtanud either 



ri I Hi plints forced for 

 I . purpose e K spi- 

 j I I Deiit^ia gracilis, 

 ^ 1 1 or It IS gathtred in 

 ^„-^ lune and Julj out of 

 doors, e g , lilac, hy- 

 drangea, ( t< Cuttings of 

 growing wood should be 

 potttd in 2 or 3 inch 

 pots, in a rather sandy 

 soil, when the roots are from M-K inches long. It is 

 sometimes good economy to box them, i. e., plant them 

 a few inches apart in flats, when not immediately re- 

 quired. 



(2) Lonij Cuttings of Hipened Wood in Open Air.— 

 This method is used to propagate many hardy trees and 

 shrubs, e. g., willows, currants, grapes, forsythia, etc. 

 Wood of the current year's growth is gathered in au- 

 tumn or early winter, before severe frost, and either 

 stored in a cool cellar, covering with moss or fresh earth 

 to prevent drying, or immediately made into cuttings. 

 These (see Fig. 626) should be made 6 inches or more 

 long and should contain at least 2 buds. It is not neccs- 



622. Propagating box. 



?xcrcscence 



naurs. which are found ( 

 of olive trees 

 pagation. 



of stock, and when the plant is deli<' 

 and small. The wood should be gathc 

 before severe frost and the ciitti 

 made and planted dinrtly in n.i,, 

 and November. Makr ih. m fiMin 

 inches long {sometiini-^ :i -in-li' i \ •■ ■' 

 is used), and plant \\\\\\ a .hliMi , 

 pure sand in pots, paii^ or llats ( l^u 

 about 16 inches squar 



inches 



deep ) . If a layer of potting soil is placed -'^-V->^ 

 under the sand, the young plants have 625. Hardened- 

 something to feed upon and do not need wood cutting 

 to be potted so soon after rooting ; if ^f dahlia, 

 this is done, drainage should be given. 

 It is important to keep them cool until a callus is formed 

 or roots produced. If the buds start into growth before 

 this, the cuttings become exhausted and are likely to 

 die. After rooting,— the time required varies from 

 one to six months— they can either be potted or the 





sary to cut to a bud at the base, but the upper cut 



should be just above one They should be tied in 



bundles with tarred rop( tiikm,^ tart to ha\e tht m lie 



"heads and tails tn tuihiiti pi intiii„' m.l \i]th the 



butts on the saint li \ i 1 



should then be Imr n il n 



down and prottitiii i., 



they should be hniil} \<\ 



in well prepared soil 



the rows 1 or IH feet a] 



be just at the surface , t 



buds may be removed I 



graded and heeled in for 



624. PropagatinE box or hood. 



require a second or third year's growth in the nursery; 

 others are ready for permanent planting, as willows 

 and poplars, which often grow 6 feet the first year. 

 This is one of the very cheapest ways of propagating, 

 and will pay where only 25 per cent root. This method 

 is generally used with deciduous-leaved plants, but 

 some conifers, e. g., Siberian arborvitse, will strike. 

 Remove enough twigs to get a clean stem for plant- 

 ing, and allow 2 or 3 inches of top above ground. 







strong-growing sorts be planted out in well pre- 

 pared beds in May or June, where they are likely to 

 make a satisfactory growth. The weaker kinds can re- 

 main a year in pots or flats, be wintered in a pit, and 

 planted out the next spring. Some greenhouse plants, 

 e. g., Camellia LauresHnus, tender grapes, etc., are 

 propagated in this way with cuttings of fully ripened 

 wood, and others, as cactus, dracsena, etc., with wood 

 which is much older. They should be given the care 

 described under the head of (1) Cuttings of Growing 

 Wood, but they must not be forced too hard at first. 

 The temperature should be regulated by the nature of 

 the plant. The safest rule to follow is to give a few de- 

 grees more heat for propagating than the plant received 

 when the cutting was removed. 



(1) Boot -cuttings (Pig. 628) are 

 or rootstock and are useful in propa- 

 gating some plants, either in the 

 greenhouse or in the open air. Ten- 

 der plants, like bouvardia, and those 

 which are hardy but of delicate 

 growth, e. g.. Anemone Japonica,&re 

 haniiltd under glass ; blackberries, 

 horseradish, etc.. out of doors. The 

 cuttings are made in autumn or win- 

 ter, the roots of hardy plants being 

 gathered before severe frost and 

 either planted directly or kept in 

 moss until spring. This process of 

 storing develops a callus and has a 

 tendency to produce buds. For green- 

 house work, the cuttings are made 



e of either root 



