16 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



[January, 1876. 



their hog-yarcis, and let their piffs run a part of the 

 time every day in this inclosure. When they get large 

 enough to root turf land, they can he shut into their 

 ordinary yards or else have the tendons of their noses 

 cut or rings put in to keep them from doing mischief. 

 But whether it is used for large hogs or not, it would 

 certainly pay farmers who raise many pigs to furnish 

 them such a yard. —Life Stock Journal. 



The Cheese Production. 



A writer in Harper's Magazine gives some very in- 

 teresting and curious facts in relation to the astonish- 

 ing growth of American cheese production. In 1850 

 the cheese aggregate value of the butter and export- 

 ed from this country amounted to only $334,000. 

 About this time a farmer in Oneida county, N. Y., 

 named Jesse Williams, originated the cheese factory 

 eystem, and his success was so great that farmers in 

 other sections of the State began to follow his exam- 

 ple. The system developed so rapidly that there are 

 now five hundred cheese factories in New York alone, 

 and in the entire country about ten times that num- 

 ber. As a result the exports of cheese in 1801 amount- 

 ed to S3,.323, 631, and continued to increase until in 

 1874 they reached $12,000,000, and for 187.5 the fig- 

 ures will" be larger still . In 1874 the exports of cheese 

 from the port of New York amounted to 96,834,091 

 pounds, and Canada in the same year exported 20,- 

 000,000 jwunds. Tlie principal cheese producing 

 States are New York, Ohio, Vermont, Illinois and 

 Massachusetts. Cheese is a very nutritious article 

 of food and the best substitute for meat. The scarci- 

 ty of meat in England and other European countries, 

 has led the laboring classes to adopt cheese as a sub- 

 stitute, and to this fact is largely due the increased 

 demand for the product of our American cheese fac- 

 tories. 



Lice on Poultry. 



J. H. Fry, of Pilatki, Florida, in a letter to the 

 Poultrrj Bulletin, says : " I noticed in your .lune 

 number a communication from E. G. Lathrop, com- 

 plaining of lice on his fowls; I have kept poultry for 

 years, and some seasons have been troubled more 

 than others with lice. I don't think I ever saw thera 

 worse than this season. I have lost some valuable 

 eggs by the hens being driven from their nests by 

 lice — also lost two hens from the same cau.se. I have 

 tried almost everything, and failed, until it occurred 

 to me to use tobacco stems mixed with a little hay; 

 and to test it more thoroughly, I removed a hen that 

 •was literally covered with lice, and in a few days 

 would have had to nm. I cleaned the eggs and put 

 her in a fresh box, and to-day, June 14th, I can posi- 

 tively assert that she came off clean, with several fine 

 Partridge Cochins, and not a single louse could I see 

 on removing her from the box. I have put tobacco 

 stems in all my laying, and I am so much pleased 

 with the experiments and results so far, that I should 

 like to hear that scjme of our fanciers or breeders, 

 whose fowls are troubled with vermin, had tried the 

 above remedy for themselves. 



Dominique Fowls. 



The London Field says of this variety, which it de- 

 nominates American : There are two or three useful 

 and good breeds of poultry that are known in Eng- 

 land. One of the oldest established, and certainly 

 one of the most useful, is the Dominique. This breed 

 more closely resembles our Cuckoo Dorking than any 

 other English variety. It differs, however, in having 

 only four toes — a great advantage, by the way, in a 

 practical point of view — and in the legs being yellow. 

 The Dominique cocks are very showy birds, with full 

 saddles and hackles, and abundant well-matched 

 sickle feathers. They should weigh from six to eight 

 pounds when mature. As table fowls they should 

 necessarily be short-legged, full-breasted and broad 

 in the back. The ear lobes should be red, and the 

 wattles and comb neat ; the former of medium size. 

 The merits of this Ijreed will recommend them to per- 

 sons residing in the country, as well worthy of pro- 

 motion in the poultry yard, whether as makers of 

 eggs or of meat ; as sitters or nurses, they are invalu- 

 able. 



Agricultural Life in Missouri. 



What can be pleasanter, says an exchange, than 

 the life of a Missouri farmer? At daylight he gets 

 up and examines the holes around his corn hills for 

 cut worms, then he smashes coddling moth larvje 

 with a hoe handle luitil breakfast. The forenoon is 

 devoted to watering the potato bugs with a solution 

 of Paris green, and after dinner all hands turn out to 

 pour boiling water on the chintz bugs in the corn and 

 wheat fields. In the evening a favorite occupation is 

 smudging peach trees to discourage the cureulio; and 

 after a brief season of family devotion at the shrine 

 of the night-flying coleoptera, all the folks retire and 

 sleep soundly till Aurora reddens the east and the 

 grasshoppers tinkle against the panes and summon 

 them to the labors of another day. 



LITERARY AND BUSINESS NOTICES. 



The Rural Jouknal. This is a neat eight-page 

 quarto, published by Hiram Young, esq., York, Pa., 

 at fifty cents a year, the first number (for January, 

 1876) of which is now before us. The Red Rose of 

 Lancaster extends friendly greetings to the White 

 Roxe of York, and recognizes in its representative 

 journal a faithful fellow laborer in the cause which 

 has for its specialty the moral and physical progress 

 of the American farmer. Mr. S. B. Heiges is the 

 agricultural editor, " assisted by a corps of able con- 

 tributors," and if these auxiliaries can be secured and 

 continued, the Journal must be a success, for if the 

 farmers of our neighboring county do not become im- 

 pressed with the high tone and sterling qualify of 

 their local agricultural press, they are not the stuff 

 we have been taking them for. 



Report of the Pennsylvania Fruit Growers 

 Society. This is a royal octavo pamphlet of fifty- 

 six pages, in covers, containing the proceedings of the 

 meeting of the society, held at York, beginning Jan. 

 20, 187.5. In a'ldition to the transactions of the society 

 the president's annual address, and the vai^ious essaj's 

 read before it ; it contains a full-page illustration of 

 the leaf and fruit of the Chrintine or Telegraph grape, 

 and full-page, uncolored, illustrations of Hide's Early 

 and Snst/nehanna peach ; a seedling pear, raised by 

 S. B. Heiges C'or7ielVs Fancy and BchnotU apple and 

 the Golden Drop plum. The paper, printing and en- 

 graving are of a good quality and execution, and on 

 the whole, is a credit to the society and its efficient 

 officers. 



Somebody has sent us a copy of " .Josh Billings' 

 (Sentenial) Farmers Allminax," for 1876, on the 

 title page of which, in his peculiar orthography, 

 he says: "The kalkulashuns on this allminax are 

 made for the latitude, and longitude; and saidititude 

 of Independene Hall, Philadelphia." Perhaps 

 there is no writer of the present period who 

 lets off more significant, domestic and social 

 truths, in his own peculiar and popular way, 

 than this same Josh Billings. The following advice 

 is certainly appropriate to the present /as( age : "Go 

 slo young man ; if you tap both ends of your eider 

 barrel at once, and draw out of the bung hole besides, 

 your cider ain't a going to hold out long." That's 

 just as plain as " open and shut." 



Tub Health Reformer for December is decided- 

 ly the best of the j-ear. Besides a rich variety of in- 

 structive articles on health topics it contains a large 

 amount of interesting matter under the head of Liter- 

 ary Miscellany, and Popular Science. The Farm and 

 Household and News Departments, two new features, 

 add greatly to the practical utility of the journal. It 

 is one of the best family papers published, and ought 

 to be in every family in the land. Published at Bat- 

 tle Creek, Mich., at $1.00 a year. Specimen copies 

 free. 



We have received from J. B. Root, Seed Grower, 

 Rockford, 111., his tiarden Manual and Seed Cata- 

 logue, and take pleasure in calling attention to a 

 work of so much value to every owner of a garden 

 and every lover of fiowers. It is tilled with practical 

 hints and instructions derived from a large experi- 

 ence as a market gardener and a florist, and contains 

 half as much matter as §tl.50 works on the subject. . 

 It is sent to applicants for 10 cents, which amount is 

 allowed on the first order for seeds. See advertise- 

 ment in another column. 



The annual Vegetable and Flower Seed Catalogue 

 of (_iregory, the well-known seedsman of Marblehead, 

 .Ma.ss., is advertised in our columns. Wo can endorse 

 Mr. Gregory as both honest and reliable. The bare 

 statement of the fact that he grows so large a num- 

 ber of the varieties of seed he sells, will be appreciat- 

 ed by market gardeners, and by all others who want 

 to have their seed both fresh and true. 



Attention is directed to the advertisement of 

 Ellwanger di Bakhy, Nurserymen, Rochester, N. 

 Y. They are well known, and acknowledged to be 

 the largest and most successful growers of Fruit and 

 Ornamental trees, Shrubs and Plants, in the United 

 Stales. 



THE PROGRESS OF INVENTION. 



Official List of Patents, 



Relating to the Farm, the Dairy, Apiary, &c., 



For tlie mouth eudmg January 7th, lS7(i.* 



Corn Planters; J. B. Abbott, San .Jose, 111. 

 Cheese Preservers; J. G. Black, Lextonville, Wis. 

 Harvesters; Jas. O. Brown, Massillon, Ohio. 

 Bee Hives; Orson Colvin, Vicksburg, Michigan. 

 Furrow Gauges for Plows; B. B. Hawes, Morrisville, 



Vermont. 

 Gang Plows; Frank A. Hill, San Leandro, Cal. 

 Corn Markers; John Mctiregor, Princeville, 111. 

 Corn Harvesters; Jacob Townsend, Eaglotown, Ind. 



•Prepared expressly for The Lancaster Fabmeb by 

 Louis BaKger & Co., Solicitors of I^ateflt-s, WasUiugton, D. 

 C, IroHi wiiom complete copies of tlie Patents and Brawnigs 

 may be obtained. 



Grain Separators; W. W.Johnston, Summitville, O. 



Potato Diggers; W. R. Martyn, San Francisco, Cal. 



Harvesters; L. J. McCormiek, Chicago, 111. 



Cultivators; Thos. J. Price, Macourt, III. 



Operating Prison Doors; R. Richter, Indianapolis. 



Corn and jeed Planters; H. P. Sullivan, Xenia, III. 



Harvester Hakes; H. 11. Bridenthal, jr., Latrobe, Pa. 



Harvester Rakes, S. F. Cranston, Lansingburg, N. Y. 



Harvesters; Jean P. Delseseaux, Milhrae, Cal. 



Potato Diggers; Nathaniel Hugg, Kichtnond, Va. 



Milking Pails; A. M. Bailey, Middlefield, Conn. 



Corn Planters; Alex. Hearst, Peoria, III. 



Sulky Plows; Geo. Moore, Fayette, Oregon. 



Processes for Preserving Eggs. 



Butter Packages; H. P. Adams, Cleveland, Ohio. 



Milk Pails; John Amole, Buckley, 111. 



Plows; Thos. E. C. Brinley, Louisville, Ky. 



Cultivators; Herman D. Green, Ithaca, N. Y. 



Seat Guards for Harvesters; E. Hale, jr., Chicago, 111. 



Harvester Cutter; P. Howell, Buena Vista, Pa. 



Grain Separators; C. B. Nichols, Troy, Pa. 



Harvester Rakes; W. N. Whiteley, Springfield, 0. 



Grain Binders; Jno. .1. Atwater, Mepford, Minn. 



Milk Coolers; Bruce C. Bort, Chateaugay, N. Y. 



Portable Hay Pi-esses; M. McCarty, Puebla, Col. 



Rotary Spade Cultivators; D. W. Brodnax, sr., Rock- 

 dale, Texas. 



Mowing Machines; Wm.C.Douthett, Springdale, Pa. 



Check Row Planters; William H. Johnson, Farmers 

 City, III. 



Beaters for Cotton-Openers; Richard Kitheon, Lowell. 



Bee-Hives; Elviu Armstrong, Jerseyville, 111. 



Processes of Preparing Preserved Fruit ; John F. 

 Bossford, New York, N. Y. 



Grain Conveyer Shafts; Henry I. Chase, Peoria, III. 



Fences; Win. A. Couch, Hannibal, Nev. 



Corn Uncovercrs; Hugh N. Gilchrist, SwanCreek,Ill. 



Corn Planters; Conrad Goneiner, Dale, Wis. 



Plowing and Seeding Machines; D. McVaw, Galla- 

 tin, Texas. 



Plows; Joseph Philip, Smithton, 111. 



Butter-Carriers; B. F. Roberts, Benington, Vt. 



Gang Plows; Timothy M.Shaw, Lebanon, Tenn. 



Hay Loaders; Chas; M. Young, Meadville,Pa. 



Sway Bar Guides for Harvesters; W. R. Baker, Chi- 

 cago, 111. 



Grain Sepai-ators; D. H. Caswell, Na.shville, Tenn. 



Seed Planters and Fertilizer Distributer; M. P. Cur- 

 lee, Corinth, Mass. 



Fences; John Dwyer, Marion, Ohio. 



Hand Seed Planters; Thomas J. Huhbell, Napa 

 City, Cal. 



Reciprocating Churns; Wm. McKinley, Bellaire, O. 



Cultivators; E. B. Moore, Bell's Mills, Ala. 



Feeding Belts and Partitions for Coi'u Shellers; Wm. 

 B. Quarton, Fremont, Ohio. 



Corn Drills; John R. Rude, Liberty, Ind. 



Grain Separators; C. F. Butterfield, Garden City, 

 Miimesota. 



Adjustable Locks and Dogs for Hay Elevators; J.R. 

 Fitshous, Centre Hill, Pa. 



Grain Meters; B. M. Pulliam, Toleno, 111. 



Reel Rakes for Harvesters; R. C. Taylor, Lockport, 

 N. Y. 



Milk Coolers and Heaters; M. L. Bush, Huntington, O. 



Self-Hakes for Reapers: S. B. (iilleland, Salisbury, Mo. 



Potato Bug Destroyers; Isaac W. Griscora, Wood- 

 buiy, N. J. 



Corn Husking Implements; H. W. Hill, Decatur, lU. 



Plows; Henry H. Hubley, .Manorville, Pa. 



Manufacture of Grain-Cradle Fingers; C. P. Kelsey, 

 Richmondville, N. Y. 



Grain Separators; L. Thesbald, Plainwell, Mich. 



Churn Dashers; John R. Underwood, Nelsonville,0. 



Wheel Harrows; F. Bramer, Little Falls, N. Y. 



Churn Dashers; R. M. Case, Auburn, N. Y. 



Plows; N. G. Pinney, New Hudson, Mich. 



Combined Reels and Rakes for Harvesters; A. Stoler, 

 Philadelphia, Pa. 



Hooks for Harrows; J. D. Tracy, Sterling, 111. 



Plows; John Worrell, Clayton, Ind. 



Bee-Hives; Daniel Cox, Kingston, Mo. 



Convertible Revolving Harrows; Benj. G. Devoe, 

 Kenton, Ohio. 



Milk Coolers; N. D. Ferguson, Carthage, N. Y. 



Grain Separators; Lewis' W. Hasselman, Indianapo 

 lis, Ind. 



Potato Diggers; Robert Reydemann, Krebsow, PruB. 



Clover Separators; G. F. Metzger, West Fayette, N.Y. 



Milk Coolers; Isaac H. Wanzer, Elgin, 111. 



Churns; Daniel McCarfy, Crapiiers Depot, Ky. 



Guano Distributars; J.'T. Horton, Widemans, S. C. 



Apparatus for Storing and Preserving Grain; Hans 

 P. C. Lassen, Chicago, 111. 



Gang Plows; J. R. MeCormick, Georgetown, Texas. 



Corn Stalk Knives; Peter C. Moore, La Fayette, O. 



Portable Fences; I. W. Pancoast, Libertyville, Iowa. 



Drag Rake Handles; Hugh Smith, Passumsic, Vt. 



Portrahle Fences; Horace Tell, Bristol, Md. 



Churns; James Watson, Port Colhorne, Canada. 



Stump Extractors; J. A. Hart, Lioncsta, Pa. 



Horse Rakes; Chas. B. Perkins, Kcnduskeag, Me. 



Cultivators; Joshua Pierpont, Bushncll, III. 



Horse Rakes; Wm. C. Haynor, Milwaukee, Wis. 



Sulky Plows; II. Richardson, Janesville, Wis. 



Plows; John Sewell, Bowdon, (ia. 



Drills and Fertilizer Distributors; AladanS. Wishart, 

 Lumberton, N. C. 



