1878.] 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



71 



EUREKA TREE AND POST HOLE DIG- 

 GER. 



This tool lias bri'U tlioi-ongiily Icstcil during 

 Ur' past lluvc years, and as ypt no place lias 

 been I'ounil where it has failed to do its work 

 satisfactorily. The i)riiH-ipal on which it 

 works prevents adhesion in sticky soils, hence 

 it always works free and easy ; no eloijsinj;, 

 no knee work, no backaclie. U is far superior 

 to all plnni;ers, aui^ers and borint; machines, 

 as it works c(iually well in stony, sandy and 

 clay soils. (Quicksand nnder water is as cer- 

 tainly handled and removed as thouijh no 

 water existed. Hundreds have used them for 

 sotting curbs in wells where there was (piick- 

 sand. For settint,' out trees and transplanting 

 it is unc(pialled, also for 

 cleansing out wells and for 

 tiling. 



One man with this dig- 

 ger can do five times as 

 much work in the same 

 time as can be done in any 

 other way. 



One great advantage in 

 using the Eureka Digger 

 is, that you need make the 

 post hole only a little larger 

 than the post, thus causing 

 it to set lirmer than wliere 

 a large hole is dug. 



The size of the hole dug 

 is bounded only by the re- 

 quirements of its purpose 

 and can be made of any in- 

 clination or shape, and any- 

 thing that can be reduced \ i 

 or loosened to live inches or 

 less in diameter can be 

 easily removed. As con- \ggi j j 

 structed for ordinary use it 

 will dig readily four feet fBlBlftl 

 deep. Its durability will 

 equal any tool made for any 

 purpose, the material being 

 best cast-ste(d. But should 

 any pait fail from use or 

 accident du|>licate |)arts can 

 be furnished ; in this way it 

 can be kept good for a gen- 

 eration. 



Every tool is warranted 

 and guaranteed that any 

 person can do what is 

 claimed for it, and do not 

 hesitate to say that it stands without a rival, 

 and is not only a practical but an indispensa- 

 ble tool for every man who has land to fence, 

 trees to set out and desires to practice economy. 



The (Trand iledal of the Centennial Exhi- 

 bition has been awarded this digger for '•dis- 

 tinguished merit" and "great excellence." It 

 has also received the prize at si.x State and 

 twenty County Fairs, and has always received 

 the premium wherever it has been exhibited. 

 Directions. 



Cut B represents the digger ready for -drop- 

 ping or throwing into the soil. 



Cut A represents it as used in lifting tlie 

 dirt from the hole. 



The length of tiie steel blade is nine inches, 

 and the extreme length of the tool fve feet; 

 weight only nine pnunrh. 



Throw the digger into the ground as yon 

 would a bar or drill, and when the soil is 

 loosened spread the handle to hold the dirt in 

 the digger while drawing from the hole. Press 

 the dirt in the digger before drawing from the 

 hole as yon will fmd it unload easier. When 

 the soil is sand or gravel, out of, or under water, 

 remove the guard, letting the blades come to- 

 gether at the bottom, and you will lind no soil it 

 will not draw, even throuirh two or tlu'ee feet 

 of water. Keep all but the hinge-bolt tight. 



For sale by Israel L. Landis, at Xorthern 

 Market, Lancaster city. Pa., and at hardware 

 and agricultural stores throughout the United 

 States and Canada. 



During the Centennial thousands of them 

 were sold throughout the country, from Maine 

 to California. Large numbers have also been 

 exported to Canada, West Indies, South Ameri- 

 ca, England, France, Germany and Australia. 



GARDEN VEGETABLES. 



For the successful cultivation of garden 

 vegetables, the use of chemicals and minerals 

 is inucli lietter adapted than that of animal 

 excrements or stable manure to supply in 

 suflicient ulnnidancc and in the most availa- 

 ble form those neces.sary constituents found 

 wanting in soils, or abstrated slowly from 

 those long under cultivation by successive 

 crops. 



There is a marked difference to be observed 

 between vegetables grown upon soil where 

 chemicals and minerals are used and those 

 where stable manure is employed, the former 

 being less watery, more solid, of better quality, 

 texture and tlavor. 



Pig's dung is characterized by an exceed- 

 ingly unjdeasant odor, which when apiilied to 

 the land it imparts to the crojis, and especially 

 to the root-crops which are manured with it ; 

 even tol)acco when manured with jiig's dung 

 is so much tainted that the leaves subsetiuent- 

 ly collected are unlit for smoking. 



Sickness, resembling typhoid fever, has been 

 cau.sed in horses and cattle pastured on land 

 where sew.age was used, and may not vegeta- 

 bles grown in soil where effete matter is used, 

 be one reason for the prevalence of this dis- 

 ease ¥ If so it i« at once prevented by remov- 

 ing the cause ; while by the use of the neces- 

 sary chemicals and minerals adapted to the 

 various crops, no loss is sustained by_ the 

 market gardens; rather are they 

 helped to" a strong and more vigor- 

 ous-producing capacity of larger 

 ami better crops, and at less cost 

 than the use of stable manure 

 entails. 



I'astures, a jiortion being dressed 

 with barn manure, and a portion 

 with chemicals and minerals and 

 some left undressed, and cattle 

 turned in, they will seek the portion 

 dressed with chemicals, to the ex- 

 clusion of other parts, that portion 

 dressed with liarn manure being 

 entirely neglected. Animals are 

 subject to all the dangers which 

 alle'ct the health of human beings ; 

 thus, disease among cattle may 

 spread unchecked through an ex- 

 tensive district from one seed-bed 

 of pestilence and contagion, as we 

 have seen in pastures on which cat- 

 tle from Texas had been kept. The 

 dreaded disease diptheria springs 

 from the growth of a nauseous 

 fungi caused by olVensive surround- 

 ings, a defective drain or badly con- 

 ducted privy, and may not the milk 

 of cows that are kept on such fields 

 be contaminated, and tlins rendered 

 unfit for food, and lie one cau.se of 

 the mortality among children?— 

 And. 11. Ward, Briihjcivater, Mif^. 



LETTER FROM IOWA. 



IIoM.AXi), Grunilv CO., Iowa, } 

 May ibth, 18T8. S 

 Editor larmer: According to, 

 promise ere I left the quiet city ol 

 Lancaster, I will give you a farmer's opinion of 

 Central Iowa. I arrived at this place some- 

 what over a week ago, and find it a "smart" 

 little town ; it is but an infant, being only a 

 year old, yet vies with towns of an older 

 growth ; there are two drug stores, three 

 grocery store.'i, two dry good stores, one hard- 

 ware store, one furniture store, bank, three 

 lumber and coal yards, one four-story steam 

 grist mill, two agricultural implement stores, 

 hotel, as fine as any in yinir city, newsi>aper, 

 IMUindJourna}, and is situated at the termini 

 of the Pacific division of the Burlington, 

 Cedar Rapids and Northern Hailroad, in as 

 fine a farming country as can be found any- 

 where. The land is of a rich, sandy loam, as 

 black as soot, to the depth of two to ten feet, 

 rolling, affording splendid surface drainage, 

 well watered liy brooks and small streams, 

 (here called rivers). There is also considerable 

 wood througliout this country, both from 

 natural and artificial groves. Fruits of all 



kinds seem to fionrish here ; small fruits, such 

 as wild strawberries, raspberries, lilackberries, 

 gooseberries anil crab apples; the cultivated 

 .sorts seem to llourish wherever planted. A 

 farm southwest of this place, owncul and oc- 

 cupied by .Judge Marble, the lands adjoining 

 the village, has an orchard of (),(106 apple 

 trees, (how is that for apples?) the major 

 jiart in hearing condition ; liesidesall kinds of 

 small fruits in bearing condition. His farm 

 consists of 1,'J.")0 

 acres of asfnie land 

 as can be seen any- 

 where, well water- 

 ed and splendid 

 groves. The whole 

 of I he land is under 

 c u 1 1 i vation, and 

 presents the aji- 

 pcaranceof a "farm 

 well tilled. "1 wish, 

 Mr. Editor, you 

 could be here to 

 see this beautiful 

 spot ; lay by your 

 editorial pen and 

 come see us. Possi- 

 bly you think this 

 an extensive farm, 

 so it is in the eyes 

 of your correspon- 

 dent, but here we 

 must become ac- 

 customed to see the 

 cattle upon a 

 "thousand hills," 



and those hills j ^— • ^.-.o 



owned by the • * J ^ ' >J 



.fudge; a day spent Willi liiiii \\\\\ W'A ^Inii-tly 

 be forgotten. There is pieii(y of land here 

 just as good as bis, and the mystery to us is 

 that this beautiful part of Central Iowa has 

 been overlooked by Pennsylvania farmers 

 seeking homes in tlic west. Small grains, 

 such as wheat and oats, grow to perfection ; 

 about two-fifths of the county is in those 

 cereals. Corn is also aliundantly grown. The 

 only drawliack to this county is that the farms 

 are too large and farmed on the shares, the 

 owner receiving one-third and the farmer two- 

 thirds ; thus the land is robbed and very in- 

 differently cared for, which would not be the 

 case if the farms were smaller and cultivated 

 by the owners. 



The jiopulation consists largely of foreign 

 (ii-rmans, in-iuci]ially Hollanders, and are 

 good citizens. The live stock consists of 

 thoroughbred cattle, short-horns, as fine as 

 reared anywhere ; of hogs, the Poland China 

 are made asjiecialty, ancl none but pure bloods 

 are raised. Anthony Eraser, formerly of Lin- 

 coln, in your county, seems to take the lead 

 in raising this breed to i)erfection ; his stock 

 is snught lor breeding purposes, and com- 

 mands almost fabulous iirices. 



Farmers are about through with their spring 

 lilanting, and for the i)ast few days grain has 

 commenced coming in large quantities, 

 bringing reasonaVily good prices, considering 

 the times. — \V. 11. Spera. 



HO^A? CAN POULTRY BE MADE PRO- 

 FITABLE TO THE FARMER?* 



In the limited time necessarily allotted for 

 an essay before our association, only general 

 rules can be state<l. It follows, therefore, 

 that there n'lay be other methods of treating 

 poultry with profit besides tho.se about to be 

 mentioned. Neither can it be expected that 

 the farmer, who has other important duties to 

 attend to upon his farm, and with whom 

 lioultry generally forms but a secondary 

 branch of industry, will devote the same 

 minute attention to the subject as would one 

 who makes it a specialty, and rai.ses chickens 

 by artificial means all the year round. The 

 present es.say is. therefore, intended for the 

 farmer, and the rules and suggestions such as 

 may be carried out uiion the farm, along with 

 the other duties necessary on same. 



The question how to make poultry profit- 



■Read before the Lancaster County Agricnltural and 

 Horticultural Society, bf Simon P. Eby, E^t^. 



