1879.] 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



i31 



applied at the proper time, and especially producer and cohsuiuit, and enable them to I each under the 8ui)ervision of visitors, the 



when the trees are low, like the arborvitae. , discuss intelligently the material results of public will be able to exercise a proi)er 



The follicles or "sacks" of the females are labor, and to contemplate their various quali- appreciation of wiiat our county is able to 



found dangling from the naked branches of i ties. 



the trees all winter, and in trees that shed Below will be found the list of premiums 



their leaves they become very conspicuous, awarded to exhibitors in the several classes : 



In non leaf-shedding trees they are not so 

 visible as in the former, but still from the 

 fact that these sacks assume a dried and 

 crispy aspect, they may be easily detected on 

 pines, cedars and arborvita;s. If all these 

 sacks are gathered and bui-ned, any time 

 before the first of May in this latitude, it will 

 not be possible for them to increase or even 

 perpetuate their species, 'ihe female never 

 leaves her sack until she has deposited all her 

 eggs therein, and these eggs are contained in 

 the pupa shell, and warmly protected against 

 the most rigorous winter. They are hatched 

 out about the middle of May, when the young 

 immediately begin to form sacks for them- 

 selves, which are spun of a fine white silk, and 

 are covered over on the outsides with leaves, 

 leaf-stems and bits of wood ; enlarging them 

 as the insect grows larger, and carrying them 

 with them wherever they go; and from this 

 habit they have been named "Sack-bearers." 

 They have also the habit of dropping down 

 from the branches, suspended by a fine silken 

 fiber, and then drawing themselves up again, 

 and this has given rise to the name "Drop- 

 worm." Comparatively few persons ever 

 have an opportunity of seeing the male insect. 

 He emerges from the pupa and the follicle 

 during the month of September, and after 

 fertilizing the female, inside of her habitacu- 

 lum, he almost immediately dies. The fe- 

 male is entirely destitute of wings, antenna; 

 or feet — in fact, nothing but a wliite, oblong, 

 cylindrical sack, filled with small round 

 eggs, numbering from three to five hund- 

 red; with an exsertcd ovipositor at the 

 posterior end, and a rudimeutal head and 

 two small black eyes at the anterior end. 

 The male expands about one inch, and has 

 a body of about the same length, but with 

 the power of extending the abdomen, simi- 

 lar to the extension of a telescope. He is 

 covered with a thick coat of moderately 

 long, swarthy , brown fur, and at first his 

 wings are opaque, but he soon flutters off 

 the mealy substance, or scales, with which 

 they are covered, and they become more 

 or less transparent, especially the posterior 

 pair, 



Class 1— Fruits. 



"We the undersigned committee appointed 

 to report upon the grapes, peaches, plums and 

 melons, beg liiave to submit the following: 



For the lari,'est collection of gra))os (22 

 varieties), H. M. Engle & Son, S3; for the 

 second largest collection (14 varieties), Daniel 

 Smeych, $2; for the third largest collection (9 

 varieties). Dr. C. Weidler, $1; best four 

 bunches of Concords, .T. Iluber, 50 cents; 

 best four Ininches of Clintjin, C. Hoover, 50 

 cents; best four biniches of Rogers, Samuel 

 Benedict, 50 cents; best four hunches Martha, 

 Daniel Smeych, .50 cents; lona, DrC. Weidler, 

 .50 cents; Allen's Hybrid, the same, 50 cents. 

 Discretionary premiums to J. F. Hershey and 

 J. II. Mayei", 50 cents eacTi. 



For the largest collection of foreign grapes 

 (4 varieties), D. Smeych, $2; they also accord 

 special mention to L. S. Reist, B. L. Landis, 

 John B. Erb, P. 8. Reist, Eph. II. Hoover 

 and others for fine exhibits of grapes, and if 

 the committee has failed to mention more, it 

 is because of the dilliculty of discriminating 

 where fruit of the same kind is so widely 

 scattered. 



For the best plate of plums (ten specimens), 

 Daniel Smeych, 50 cents. There were also 



I ; b the pupa ; 



lie adult female ; 



appreciation 



produce in the different lines of fruit. Much 

 credit is due to all the exhibitors for the fine 

 displays of grapes and poaches. 



The following additional premiums are re- 

 commended: Best plate of Delaware grapes, 

 Abraham Summy, 50 cents; second best, 

 Samuel Jacobs, 25 cents; third best Dr. 

 Weidier, favorable notice. 



Best plate of Telegraph grapes, John 

 Grossman, 50 cents; second best, H. M. 

 Engle, 25 cents; third best, F. Howell, 

 favorable notice; second best, Rogers, No. 15, 

 S. W. Bruckhart, 25 cents. Best five canta- 

 loupes. J. W. Bruckhart, 50 cents; second best, 

 J. K. Ryan, 25 cents. 



Honorable notice to Reist & McCloud for 

 Brighton grapes, and also for large collection 

 of Concord and Martha grapes. Also to Mrs. 

 Ann Bushong for coimty raised figs, and to 

 Messrs. Garber, Hess, Hoover and Mellinger 

 for sundry grapes. 



S. S. Rathvox, 

 Wm. McComsey. 

 We the undersigned committee, appointed 

 to examine and report upon apples and pears, 

 respectfully report the following: 



For the largest collection of apples (50 

 varieties), L. S. Reist, %\\\ second largest (16 

 varieties), H. M. Engle, $2; third largest (13 

 varieties), J. C. Linville, %\. Best plate 

 Smokfehouse apples, Wm. Weidle, first pre- 

 mium, 75 cents; second best plate, Jacob 

 Zecher, second premium, 50 cts. ; best plate 

 Slienbern apples, Wm. Weidle, first prem- 

 ium, 75 cts. ; best plate golden pippins, first 

 Iiremiuin, Jacob Zecher, 75 cents; basket of 

 apples, Ambrose Pownall, first premium, 75 

 cents; plate of Porter apples, John B. Erb, 

 liist premium, 75 cents; plate of .leffriea 

 apples, John B. Erb, first premium, 75 cts; 

 one mammoth Rambo, Samuel Benedict, 

 first premiuiu, 75 cents; plate of quinces, 

 William Weidle, first premium, 50 cents; 

 John B. Erb, second premium, 25 cts. ; one 

 mammoth apple (16^ inches) very fine, 

 special notice. 



Best collection of pears (38 varieties), 

 Wm. Weidle, $3; second best (26 varieties), 

 Daniel Smeych, $2; third best (24 varie- 

 ties), Samuel Benedict, $1.50; H. M. Engle 

 varieties),discretionary premium, 81.50; 



(2 



„ .ue .uu.. ,.. ,» ....,.» , . ...>. » ..^^.. , .. the C'asper Hiller & Son (33 varieties), discre- 



The larva which inhabits the sack, and adult male ;e the opened sack showins the eegs ; /the sack tionary premium, SI. 50; Hon. J. B. L,iv- 

 never leaves it, when mature, is about an entire showing the manner of oonveyiug it from place to place; ingston (14 varieties), discretionary prem- 

 inch and a half in length, robust anteriorly, 9 "'<= yo"°g beginning to construct a sack. ium, $1. 



and tapering backward ; it has a smoky color, 

 fleshy, and without intermediate feet or only 

 rudimental ones. The head and three 

 thoracic segments are smooth, hard, and 

 mottled with bluish white and black, or 

 brown. Being so perfectly incased in the 

 follicle, it cannot be destroyed by birds, and 

 is comparatively free from insect enemies. 



OUR LATE EXHIBITION. 



The fair was formally closed at 9 o'clock p. 

 m., on Friday evening, the 12th inst., and 

 whether an entire success or otherwise, 

 nothing appears more evident to our mind 

 than the fact that Lancaster county possesses 

 the demi'dXs of a first class exhibition, if only 

 the indifference or supineness of its people 

 can be so far overcome as to allow them to 

 give such an enterprise a sustaining support, 

 both as participators and auditors. This 

 support should by no means be a cold and 

 uninterested one, but on the contrary earnest 

 and hopeful, and accompanied by that self- 

 abnegation which gives assurance that the 

 Society is influenced by higher motives than 

 those that relate to scZ/ alone. It is true, that 

 these exhibitions should be self-sustaining, 

 but aside from this, the cultivation of the 

 useful and the beautiful, from moral and 

 social considerations, is paramount to merely 

 pecuniary gain. In any event these period- 

 ical exhibitions are the most practical means 

 that can be employed to bring before the 

 people the various productions of human 

 industry, because they bring face to face the 



some excellent yellow or golden plums on 

 exhibition, but they lacked in number to 

 elicit a premium. 



For the best specimens of Casaba melons, 

 M. C. Cooper, 50 cents; best cantaloupes 50 

 cents. 



[XoTE— William Weidle exhibited 28 vari- 

 eties ot named pears and 8 unnamed; also, 5 

 named and 2 unnamed varieties of apples, 

 also, Susquehanna and Crawtbrd late peaches, 

 and Isabella grapes, which were overlooked 

 in the book of entries, but are entitled to 

 notice]. 



It was exceedingly diflicnlt to discrimmate 

 between the many excellent peaches on exhi- 

 bition; therefore the committee was under 

 the necessity of exercising discretionary 

 power. To the largest collection (13 varie- 

 ties) by Daniel Smeych, they awarded S2; 

 the next largest (17 apples), L. S. Reist, $1. 

 They also awarded the following persons for 

 superior plates of peaches 50 cents each: 

 Calvin Cooper. Susquehanna; Ciusper Hiller, 

 Crawford Late; Wm. Weidle, Crawford Early 

 and Susquehanna; M. D. Kendig, new seed- 

 ling; C. F. Long, new seedling; A. S. Keller, 

 Crawford Late; Wm. Richardson, Susque- 

 hanna; Joseph Samson, seedling; P. S. Reist, 

 J. H. Hershey, J. H. Mayer, ditto, and 

 Daniel Smeych, Sener peach. 



The committee labored under the difficulty 

 caused by many of the peaches being un- 

 named, and others never having even a card 

 attached to them; Vmt as all entries have been 

 published in the daily papers, and they were 



Best plate Sheldon pears, Adam S. Keller, 

 first premium, 50 cents; second best ditto, 

 Daniel M. Mayer, second i>remium, 25 cents; 

 best plate Bartlett pears, Mrs. Hannah Ran- 

 dolph, first premium, $l;best plate Duchess, 

 John B. Erb, first premium, 50 cents; best 

 plate Seckel pears, John C. Linville, first 

 premium, 50 cents; plate Seckel pears, J. M. 

 Mayer, second premium, 25 cents; best plates 

 Urbaniste, Flemish Beauty and AVashington 

 pears, Chas. E. Long, first premium, 50 cents 

 each; basket of assorted fruit, Chas E. Long, 

 «1; basket Bartlett pears, Chas. E. Lon^, 75 

 cents; basket of Clairgeau pears, Mrs. E. H. 

 Hager, 50 cents. Lot of cantaloupes, A. S. 

 Keller, 25 cents; cantaloupe and melon, J. K. 

 Rine, 50 cents; muskmelon, J. W. Bruckhart, 

 50 cents; citrons, Milton Cooper, 25 centsi 

 Casaba melons, Milton Cooper, 50 cents. 



The following named exhibitors— E. S. 

 Hoover, P. S. Reist, Fannie Kready, J. M. 

 Hess, Calvin Cooper, I. L. Landis, CharL-s 

 A. Bauer, John Grossman, E. B. Landis, and 

 others— are in our judgment worthy of 

 special mention. _ _ 



M. D. KE>rDio, 

 LorisC. Lytb, 



J. H. IlERSnET, 



CvmmiiUt. 

 Class 2— Floweks. 

 First Prfniiu??!,'!.— Mrs. Fanny Bushong, 

 most extensive exotic collection of rare plants; 

 Casper Hiller & Son, best collection of 

 ornamental grasses; Chas Ileins, best ri:stic 

 basket; Miss Rosenmiller, best collection of 



