136 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



[ September, 



shipped out of town, we will find that the 

 daily sales of strawberries have been unusu- 

 ally large." At Cleveland, where the fruit is 

 cultivated on a more extensive scale than at 

 Rochester, the sales are said to have amounted 

 to 2,000 bushels a day. Besides an increasing 

 demand, it is gratifying to note that the 

 larger and finer-flavored varieties are becom- 

 ing better known and appreciated. When 

 Wilson was selling at six cents a quart, S/iarjj- 

 less sold for twelve, and Trioniphe de Gand, 

 Jucunda, Cumberland Triumph and Monarch, 

 for eight and ten cents. Of such varieties 

 there has not been nearly enough fruit to 

 satisfy the demand, and growers will consult 

 their interests by giving more attention to 

 the larger and better kinds. 



The favorable season has afforded us a fine 

 opportunity to test the many new varieties 

 now on trial. These novelties have revived 

 the interest in strawberry culture, and all 

 over the country there are enthusiastic ama- 

 teurs and growers who are waiting anxiously 

 for the result of the year's experience. We 

 propose to give ours as briefly as possible. 



Arranging the sorts alphabetically, Cinder- 

 ella first claims attention. It is one of Mr. 

 Felton's seealings, and was sent out in 1876. 

 The fruit is of medium to large size, conical, 

 regularly formed, and of a bright, glossy- 

 scarlet color ; flesh firm, solid, with a mild, 

 rich, aromatic flavor; plant vigorous and 

 prolific. It is a handsome strawberry, and in 

 quahty fully equal to, if not better, than 

 'Iriomphe de Gand. It will undoubtedly prove 

 very desirable for the amateur's garden. 

 Contintntal, another of Mr. Pelton's seedlings, 

 and sent out with the above, is of medium 

 to large size, obtusely conical, regularly 

 formed, and of a dark red, almost black color 

 when fully ripe ; flesh firm and of fair quality, 

 but inferior to Cinderella ; plant vigorous and 

 very productive. Crescent Seedling, which 

 appeared so promising last year, has disap- 

 pointed us greatly this season— not in pro- 

 ductiveness, but in quality. Nevertheless, it 

 is an improvement on tlfe Wilson, and having 

 proved to be wonderfully prolific, must on 

 that account still claim a good deal of atten- 

 tion as a market berry. Captain Jack is 

 another variety, the quality of which does not 

 rank high, and it has the serious fault of 

 overbearing. A large portion of its fruit 

 does not mature sufficiently to render it 

 marketable. Grown in hills under high 

 culture, it may be of great value m some 

 localities. In Ohio, several strawberry- 

 growers esteem it very highly, some going so. 

 far as to call it the best variety. Cumberland 

 Triumph is one of the newer varieties which, 

 with us, has proved a real acquisition. The 

 fruit is large, regular, very uniform, and of a 

 beautiful bright red color ; unquestionably 

 one of the handsomest berries known. In 

 quality it is good ; plant vigorous and pro- 

 ductive. It is not firm enough to ship long 

 distances, but will be valuable for home 

 market on account of its uniform size and at- 

 tractive appearance. Duncan, of medium 

 size, has an exceedingly agreeable flavor, and 

 may be regarded as a valuable addition to the 

 list of good garden sorts. Duchess is early, 

 and the fruit large and handsome. In quality 

 it can only be rated as good, but is worthy of 

 culture on account of its size and earliness. 

 The plants are not productive enough to 

 render it a profitable market variety. Forest 

 Base is of large size and fine quality. The 

 plant is a strong grower and quite productive. 

 It promises well either for garden or field 

 culture, and we are pleased to rate it as a real 

 acquisition. We place it next to the Sharp- 

 less in value. 



Glendale, one of the latest introductions, 

 has not fruited upon our grounds, but a fine 

 exhibition of the fruit was made at the 

 Nurserymen's Convention lately held in 

 Cleveland, where I had the pleasure of seeing 

 and testing it. The fruit is large, conical, 

 and of a bright red color ; flesh flrm'and of a 

 moderate flavor. Its size and appearance 

 may render it valuable as a market fruit, but 

 we do not think it will ever become popular 



for the amateur's garden. A trial of it at 

 home may change our opinion. Golden Defi- 

 ance, raised by Mr. Miller, originator of the 

 Cumberland Triumph, is a large berry, round- 

 ish, regular, and of a dark crimson color ; 

 flesh moderately firm, solid, of delicate tex- 

 ture, and of fair quality. The fruit stalks are 

 remarkably short, which is a serious objec- 

 tion-; plant vigorous and moderately pro- 

 ductive. It ripens late, and may be valuable 

 on that account. Great American has not 

 improved much in my estimation. It is quite 

 productive, but a larger proportion of the 

 berries do not attain full size. Probably if 

 planted near a variety with abundance of 

 pollen, it might do better. A well-known 

 strawberry-grower says: "Plant the Forest 

 Rose near it, and you are sure of a good crop. " 

 The berry is high flavored, and may be worthy 

 of further trial. It should be grown in hills, 

 and must have good culture. Miner's Great 

 Prolific is large to very large, roundish, and 

 of a bright crimson color, but the flesh is soft 

 and deficient in flavor. On account of its size 

 and fine appearance I consider it worthy of 

 farther trial. President Lincoln averages 

 large to very large, irregular, and of a bright 

 glossy red color ; flesh moderately firm, with a 

 marked hautbois flavor, rendering it very 

 desirable for the garden. Sharpless is un- 

 questionably the best new strawberry. This 

 was my opinion last year, and every report 

 received thus far proves that I was not mis- 

 taken. We planted largely of it this last spring 

 for ^market. Springdale, another of Mr. 

 Miller's seedlings, did not do well with us last 

 year, but has borne a good crop of fine fruit 

 this season. In hot, dry weather the plants 

 sometimes suffer. We think enough of it to 

 give it another trial. Star of the West is un- 

 productive, and therefore of no value. Cen- 

 tennial, Favorite, Pioneer, Beauty, Glossy 

 Cone, all of them Durand's seedlings, have 

 not yet been sufficiently tested to give a fair 

 opinion of them. Champnon, Crystal City, 

 Windsor Chief and Damask Beauty, must 

 fruit again before their value can be deter- 

 mined. Longfellow, a new seedling raised by 

 A. D. Webb, of Kentucky, was shown at 

 Cleveland. The fruit was large and hand- 

 some, but the quality not of the highest char- 

 acter. — W. C. Barry, Mt. Hope Nurseries, 

 Rochester, N. Y. 



VALUABLE ADVICE. 

 What to Do 



1. Child two years old has an attack of 

 croup at night. Doctor at a distance. What 

 is to be done ? 



The child should be immediately undressed, 

 and put in a warm bath. Then give an 

 emetic, composed of one part of antimony 

 wine to two of ipecac. The dose is a tea- 

 spoonful. If the antimony is not at hand 

 use warm water, mustard and water, or any 

 other simple emetic ; dry the child, and wrap 

 it carefully in a warm blanket. 



2. Hired girl sprained her knee violently. 

 First bathe in warm water, then put the 



white of an egg in a saucer, stir with a piece 

 of alum the size of a walnut until it is in a 

 thick jelly ; place a portion of it on a piece of 

 lint or tow large enough to cover the sprain, 

 changing it as often as it seems warm or dry; 

 the limb is to be kept in a horizontal position 

 by placing it on a chair. 



3. Bees swarm, and the man who hives 

 them gets severely stung in the face. 



The sting of a bee is hollow and barbed, 

 and as it contains poison, the first thing to be 

 done is to remove it. The part stung should 

 then be bathed in warm water, and a little 

 ammonia be rubbed in. 



4. Some one's nose bleeds, and cannot be 

 stopped. 



Take a plug of lint, moisten, dip in equal 

 parts of powdered alum and gum arable, and 

 insert in the nose. Bathe the forehead in 

 cold water. 



.5. The child eats a piece of bread on which 

 arsenic has been placed for killing rats. 



Give plenty of warm water, new milk in 

 large quantities, gruel, linseed tea, foment 

 the bowels. Scrape iron rust off' anything, 

 mix with warm water, and give in large 

 draughts frequently. Never give large 

 draughts of fluid until those given before 

 have been vomited, because the stomach will 

 not contract properly if filled, and the object 

 is to get rid of the poison as quickly as pos- 

 sible. 



6. Young lady sits in draught, and comes 

 home with a bad sore throat. 



Wrap flannel around the throat, keep out 

 of draughts and sudden changes of atmos- 

 phere, and every half hour take a pinch of 

 chlorate of potash, place it on the tongue and 

 allow it to dissolve in the mouth. 



7. Nurse suffers from a whitlow on her " 

 finger. 



Place the whitlow in water as hot as can be 

 borne, then pbultice with hnseed meal, taking 

 care to mix a little grease within the poultice, 

 to prevent it from growing hard. Bathe and 

 poultice morning and evening. 



8. Child falls backward against a tub of 

 boiling water, and is much scalded. 



Carefully undress the child, lay it on a bed 

 on its breast as the back is scalded, be sure 

 all draughts are excluded, then dust over the 

 parts scalded bi-carbonate of soda, lay muslin 

 over it, then make a tent, by placing two 

 boxes with a board over them in the bed, to 

 prevent the covering from pressing on the 

 scald ; cover up warm. 



9. Mower cuts driver's leg as he is thrown 

 from the seat. 



Put a tight bandage around the limb, above 

 the cut, slip a cork under it, in the direction 

 of a line drawn from the inner part of the 

 knee to a little outside of the groin. Draw 

 the edges of the cut together with sticking 

 plaster. 



10. Child has a bad earache. 



Dip a plug of cotton wool in olive oil, warm 

 it and place it in the ear. Wrap up the head 

 and keep out of the draft. 



11. Youth goes to skate, falls into an air 

 hole ; brought home insensible. 



Strip the body and rub it dry ; then rub 

 with a warm blanket and place in a warm 

 room. Cleanse away froth and mucus from 

 the nose and mouth. Apply warm bottles, 

 bricks, etc., to the armpits, between the 

 thighs and the soles of the feet. Rub the 

 surface of the body with the hand incased in 

 a warm, dry, worsted sock ; to restore breath- 

 ing close the nostrils and breathe steadily 

 into the mouth ; inflate the lungs till the 

 breast be raised a little, then set the nostrils 

 free and press gently on the breast until signs 

 of life appear. Then give a warm drink and 

 put to bed. Do not give up all hope for at 

 least three hours after the accident. 



12. Child gets sand in his eyes. 



Place your forefinger on the cheekbone, 

 having the child before you ; then draw up 

 your finger and you will probably remove it ; 

 but if you cannot get at the sand in this way, 

 repeat the operation while you have a knitting 

 needle laid against the eyelids ; this will turn 

 the lid inside out, and then the sand may be 

 removed with a silk handkerchief. Bathe in 

 cold water and exclude the light for a day. 



PLANTING AND TRANSPLANTING. 



The well-known three requisites for the 

 g ermination of seeds, are heat, air and 

 moisture, but not light. In a cold soil they 

 remain dormant ; it too dry they will not 

 sprout ; and if buried deep and compactly 

 beyond the action of the air, no movement 

 toward growth takes place. The small seeds 

 of weeds often remain in the soil for years 

 w hen turned under deep by the plow ; when 

 br ought again to the surface, the new and co- 

 pio us growth which at once takes place has 

 led superficial observers to the erroneous no- 

 tion that they have sprung up spontaneously. 

 Nurserymen sometimes keep peach-stones 

 dormant a year, when they happen to have a 

 surplus, by placing th^ two feet under the 

 soil till needed. Th^epth for planting must 

 depend largely on the size of the seed ; and 



