1880. 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



-y^ 



foetlda, dissolved in 1 pint, of brandy, 20 above 

 proof. Boil 2 pounds ho^'s liver for 12 tioure in 1 

 gallon of water, adding water as required to keep up 

 the quantity. Mix the lioiled liver Ihoroufflily with 

 the water, strain through a coarse sieve, and add the 

 mixture to the sauce. 



To ItEMovE Gkease prom Clothor Silk.— Sep- 

 arate the yolk of an vgs from the white as perfectly 

 as possible. Then stretch tlie falirie on a board, 

 and with a soft clothes brush dip into the yolk, and 

 ruh the spot with it until the grease seems loosened. 

 The yolk will not injure the most delicate colors, but 

 the rubbing may, if too severe. Then rinse with 

 warm rain water, rubbing the edges with a damp 

 cloth, and clapping the whole between dry towels. 

 If the stain is not quite gone, repeal the process. 

 It will not do so well for fabrics mixed with cotton 

 or linen. 



To Remove Oreasb from Silk or Velvet. — 

 Rub the spots on the silk lightly and rapidly with a 

 clean soft cotton rag dipjird in chlorolbrm, and the 

 grease will immediately disajipear without injuring 

 the color of the silk. Repeat the operation if nec- 

 essary. Be careful to rub the article rapidly and 

 lightly, then finish with a clean dryclotli. Ifthes* 

 precautious are not taken, a slight stain is apt to re- 

 sult. Very highly rectilicd benzine, such as i9 pre- 

 pared by the tirst-class druggists, will also immedi- 

 ately remove grease from the most delicate colored 

 silks. 



Patent Teast. — Simmer 6 ounces hops in 3 gal- 

 lons water for .3 hours, strain and in 10 minutes stir 

 in a )2 peck ground malt. Then roboil the hops in 

 water and add the liquor to the mash already made, 

 stir thoroughly,cover and leave it for 4 hours. Then 

 drain oft' the wort and when cooled to 90° Fahr., set 

 it to work with 1 pint of yeast. Let it stand from 

 '20 to 24 hours, take ofl' the scum, strain it through 

 a coarse hair sieve, and it is ready for use. A pint is 

 enough for a bushel of bread. 



Tomato Catsup. — Cut H bushel of tomatoes in 

 pieces, boil in their own liquor till soft; strain and 

 press through a hair sieve to separate the skin and 

 seeds, boil to a thick pulp, stirring all the time. Add 

 6 ounces salt, 6 drachms allspice, 3 ounces black 

 pepper, -S drachms mace, 6 drachms cloves, 2 

 drachms cayenne pepper, and 1 gallon vinegar. The 

 spices must all be ground. Let the whole boil up 

 twice; when cool, bottle. 



Mixed Pickles. — Take 1 pound ginger root, )^ 

 pound garlic, (both previously salted and dried) 2 

 gallons vinegar, )^ ounce tumeric, 'X pound long 

 peppers. Digest together for 3 or 3 days near the 

 fire in a stone jar, or gently simmer them in a pipkin, 

 or enameled saucepan. Put in almost any vege- 

 tables except red cabbage, aud walnuts, all previ- 

 ously salted and dried. 



Simple Method of Removing Grease Spots 

 FROM Sile. — Take a visiting or other card; separate 

 it, aud rub the spot with the soft internal part, and 

 it will disappear without taking the gloss off the 

 silk. Be careful and rub the silk on the wrong side, 

 as the card sometimes will soil delicate colored silks, 

 but If the above precaution is taken, the spot can- 

 not be seen on the right side of the silk. 



Live Stock. 



she has been eating. In the pantry a canister of 

 pepper near by or a jar of ginger will almost imme- 

 diately flavor It. Of course the effluvia of other ar- 

 ticles will taint it In equal measure; and why should 

 parents be so anxious to gel pure, unadulterated and 

 unwatcred milk for their children if they are so care- 

 less about preventing the corruption of its purity 

 after they have received it ! It is the opinion of the 

 writer in Xaltire that quite as much milk Is poisoned 

 in the pantries as is diluted by the milkmen and 

 producers. 



THE COMING FAIR. 



Colic in Horses. 



A correspondent of the .Massachusetta Ploughman 

 gives the Ibllowing cure lor colic in horses, which is 

 convenient at all times and easily applied. He has 

 never known it to fail: Spread a leacupful of salt 

 upon the l)ack of llie animal over the kidneys and 

 loins, and keep It saturated from 20 to 'Ad minutes, 

 or longer if necessary. If the attack is severe, 

 drench with salt water. I have a valuable bull, 

 weigliing nineteen or twenty hundred pounds, which 

 had a severe attack of colic a year ago last summer. 

 I applied salt to his back as above, and it being ditli- 

 eull to drench, we put a wooden bit into his mouth, 

 keeping it open about two inches, aud spread salt 

 upon his tongue, which, together with the salt upon 

 his back, relieved him at once, and wllliin a very 

 short time equilibrium appeared fully restored. I 

 have for several years past successfully applied this 

 treatment to other animals in my herd. 



Pure Milk. 



The English popular science journal, .ya<ur«, .pub- 

 lished an article recently on the subject of the uses 

 of milk and the means to insure its purity, which 

 seems to be full of pregnant hints and suggestions. 

 The writer does not go into the question of the 

 watering and adulterating of milk, of which enough, 

 perhaps, has been said. The writer in Nature, 

 however, treats of milk after it has reached con- 

 sumers' hands. He shows that, outside of what 

 children consume, nine-tenths of the demand lor 

 milk is for use in tea and coffee. He protests 

 against this use as a barbarous custom, originally 

 the result of ignorance, just as the first Dutch im- 

 porters of lea stewed it and served it dressed with 

 butter. It is estimated that the annual product of 

 milk in the United States is about 240,000,000 gal- 

 lons, of which 15 per cent, goes to make butler and 

 cheese, the rest being consumed in its fluid form. 

 A'a(«»-e says that when tea is mixed with milk the 

 tannin in the former renders the albumen In the 

 milk insoluble and leathery, and therefore indigesti- 

 ble. Be this as it may, the united opinion of scien- 

 tific and medical men favors the taking of milk in 

 its natural form into the stomach, and it is declared 

 that it cannot be kept pure and easily digestible if 

 exposed to atmospheric changes or fluctuating tem- 

 peratures. As a rule, milk is not kept properly in 

 our houses. It is left uncovered or partly covered 

 in the pantry or the refrigerator, alongside of cold 

 joints, bread, cheese, pickles, what not, and this in 

 epite of the fact that it is more easily affected by the 

 odors of other substances and more quickly tainted 

 by them than almost any other product of the ani- 

 mal economy. In the spring the cow's fresh milk 

 tastes and smells of the garlic, the clover, the weeds 



A Jersey Cow's Record. 



It is not rare to find a heavy milker among Jersey 

 cows, yet the average is by no means extraordinary. 

 Possibly a true record of a whole herd of Jerseys as 

 to weight of milk would fall below that of a herd of 

 natives even, and greatly below that of an Ayrshire 

 herd. A notable record of an English Jersey cow, 

 however, is worth recording. The cow is "Luna," 

 owned by Mr. Simpeon. In 1876 she gave 8,985 lbs.; 

 in 1877, 8,202 lbs.; in 1878, 8,.'iG8 lbs.; an average of 

 8,518 lbs. per year, or equal to a daily average of 

 more than 23 lbs. or 11 quarts. One of tne most 

 conspicuous characteristics of a Jersey cow, is her 

 persistence in ;milking, and although she may not 

 give so great a yield, yet by hanging on during .300, 

 or 330 days, she makes up by perseverance, what 

 others do by more copious, but less continuous milk- 

 ing. If there were only more Jerseys like this one I 

 — American Agriciiliuritt . 



Cows. 

 Garget and abortion trouble the dairymen . We 

 believe in prevention. The former may surely be 

 prevented by due care. As soon as the udder con- 

 tains milk, it should be relieved by drawing off a 

 part of it, if there is any tendency to hardness. 

 These diseases are often a consequence of weakness. 

 A fat animal may be weak for want of food. When 

 a cow's time approaches and the feed is suddenly re- 

 duced, disturbance of the system is caused, circula- 

 tion becomes irregular, and congestion occurs in the 

 most susceptible organs. The udder is the principal 

 one of these at this period, and an attack of garget 

 is sure to occur. This may not always be so, but 

 long experience and observation convinces us that it 

 generally is. The remedy is obvious. 



Special Field Premiums Offered by the Agri- 

 cultural and Horticultural Society. 



The managers of the Lancaster County Agricultu- 

 ral and Horticultural Society, have completed the 

 premium list for their fall exhibition, from which we 

 are permitted to announce In advance the following: 



For the largest aud best yield of wheat; from five 

 acres, of the harvest of 1880, ?10; second premium, 

 J5; third premium, $2. For the largest and best 

 yield of corn from five acres, crop of 1880, 810; sec- 

 ond premium, 55: third premium, S2. All competi- 

 tors for the above premiums will be required to pay 

 an entry fee of two dollars, and submit a full state- 

 menl of the kind of land on which the crop grew, 

 the quantity and kind of fertilizers used, the time of 

 sowing and the quantity of seed sown per acre, the 

 acreage to be carefully measured by some disinter- 

 ested party, and to be ccrliflcd to by some magis- 

 trate authorized to administer oaths. 



All entries for wheat must be made by the 1st of 

 July, 1880, and those for corn by the 15lh of Sep- 

 tember, 1880, and the entry fee paid to M. D. Ken- 

 dig, jsecretary, Creswell, Lancaster county, P». 

 The general premium list in pamphlet form will be 

 published and distributed at an early day. 



Exhibition September -9 and 30 and October l«t , 

 1880, at the Northern Market House, Lancaster, Pa. 



Put Bells on Your Sheep. 

 On one sheep in every ten of the flock put a bell of 

 the usual size for sheep. The instinct of the dog 

 prompts him to do all his acts in a sly stealthy man- 

 ner; his attacks upon sheep are most frequently 

 made at night while they are at rest, and the simul- 

 taneous jingling of all the bells strikes terror to the 

 dogs; they turn their tails and leave the sheep, fear- 

 ing the noise of the bells will lead to their exposure. 

 The ratio of bells may be made to vary according to 

 the size of the flock. 



Merinos Improved. 

 Merinos are greatly improved, says the American 

 Agricidturixt , as mutton sheep, by crossing with 

 Cotswold or Leicester; the former cross makes 

 large, heavy bodied sheep, with a valuable medium, 

 long combing wool; the latter cross is not so favora- 

 ble, but is a good mutton sheep. Cross breeding 

 must be done from year to year, and it Is not a per- 

 manent operation, for after two or three crosses the 

 product is not to be distinguished from the pure 

 breed used for the male animal. 



Keep the Good Calves. 

 As the cows come In, the best of the hclfert may 

 be selected for raising. There can be no better way 

 to improve the stock of cows than to use a good bull 

 and keep the best calves, well feeding and caring for 

 them until matured. After these become cows a se- 

 lection can be made for breeding, and only the best 

 retained. In a few years the value of dairy cows 

 may be doubled by this careful practice of selection. 



Poultry. 



How we Ought to House our Fowls.* 



It is not a pleasant talk to review the opinions and 

 ideas of other men, and especially so when the dif- 

 ference between two sets of opinions is »o great that 

 no harmony between them can be expected. 



With all due deference and respect to Mr. Smed- 

 ley, allowing all due candor to be exercised in criti- 

 cising his ideas, it must be maintained that hi* 

 premises are false. He is not on the track that will 

 lead him to a logical conclusion, but assuming, as 

 he does, a wrong standpoint, the conclusion will of 

 necessity prove to be a corresponding one. 



I do not desire to touch upon the first part of hii 

 article, for in it he merely tells us that he has im- 

 bibed some very advanced ideas as a farmer, but 

 that time bad modified most of these views consider- 

 ably. 



Taking Care of his Fowls. 



The first point in his paper is the description of 

 his "approved house" for the comlbrl of his flock. 

 After the fiock had become accustomed to their new 

 quarters, he informs us that things did not go so 

 well. 1 suppose not, for there is a decided difference 

 between a hen roosting on a tree or fence and in a 

 chicken house. The air of heaven had free access, 

 and whatever foulness of air there was was swept 

 away as by one sweep or current of air and tlic drip- 

 pings could remain for quite a time before they 

 touched the limb on which the fowl or fowls were 

 perched, on the topmost rail in the fence, as their 

 roosting place. Besides, such quarters cost very 

 little to keep in order, for nature is its owu purifier 

 and restorer in many instances. 



Poultry Houses do uot Create Diseases. 



But to believe for a single moment that a well 

 built poultry house causes disease and death among 

 fowls is as arbitrary as to believe that a well built 

 barn, with a good roof, permits the rain to spoil the 

 grain that Is stored in it. We know that just the re- 

 reverse is the truth. The secret of his bad luck 

 must be conjectured, from the fact that we are left 

 In entire Ignorance as to the moduK operandi of both 

 bouse and fowls. An experienced breeder, however, 

 would judge his house, without having 'cen It, to 

 have been one with poor arrangements for proper 

 ventilation and accommodation. Aud again, no ex- 

 perienced breeder would think of keeping so many 

 fowls in one flock and in one house. You would not 

 expect from 80 to 12.") horses to do well in one yard 

 and in one barn, running at will, nor so many sheep, 

 hogs, etc., for only the other day an agent for a stock 

 farm, in whose judgment as a competent man for 

 the place we can place all confidence aud trust, In- 

 formed us that his hogs were not doing well because 

 he had not proper room for them. "This is only a 

 single case, but furnishes us with an illustration for 

 many others. 



The House not the Cause. 



The trouble that was brought upon bis flock was 

 not by any means caused by the house, if It was a 

 well built and properly arranged house as to venli- 



*A review of W. T. Smedley'ii articU ia the Oerman- 

 town Telef^rapb, read before the Lancaiter County PonUry 

 Society by Bev. Toblu. 



