1880. 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



d91 



tliP disk until the lianis arc compU'loly covorol . Let 

 the Inline ri'main in tliis plel<le for tlirec niunlhs; ii 

 little lonijer woiiUl ilo no liarni. A liandful each ol" 

 mace ami cloves scattereJ in the brine will improve 

 the flavor ol" the meat . 



To Cuke Hkkk AMI I'mtK.— To each i;nllon of 

 water adil P.. poiuels salt, '..; poiiml sufjar, '.^ 

 ounce saltpetre, and 'j ounce jiolaph. Boil these 

 tORether until the dirt from the sn(;ar rises lo the 

 top and is skimmed otV. Then put it into a tuh to 

 and when cold, pour it over the beef or jiork, to re- 

 main 4 or ") weeks. Tlie meat must he well covered 

 with pickle and should not lie put down for 2 days 

 after killinfr, duriuir which time it should he slis^htly 

 sprinkled with powdered saltpetre, which removes 

 all the surface blood, i^e., leavini; the meat fresh 

 and clean. Ilani cured in this way may be smoked 

 as usual, and will be found excellent. 



To Keei" Mkat Fuesh. — Suspend the meat In a 

 vessel, on the bottom of wliich some strong acetic 

 acid has been poured. In this way the meat may 

 be kept fresh for a considcrahle time. 



Cheap Bay Kim.— Saturate a '., pound block of 

 carbonate of majrnesia witli oil of h.iy : pulverize the 

 magnesia, place it into a filter, and pour water 

 thron^'h it until the desired quantity is obtained, 

 then add alcohol. The quantity of water and of 

 alcohol to be used depends on the desired strength 

 and quality of the Bay rum. 



Imitation Bay Rum. — Mix 10 fluid drachms oil 

 of Bay, 1 fluid draclim oil of pimento, 2 fluid ounces 

 acetic ether, 3 gallons alcohol, and liji gallons 

 water. Filler after li weeks repose. 



JocKET Club Bouquet. — Mix 1 pint extract of 

 rose, 1 pint extract of tuberose, ', pint extract of 

 cassia, 4 ounces extract of jasmin, ami :i ounces tinc- 

 ture of civet. Filter the mixture. 



Bouquet de Millekleuus. — Mix 1 pint extract 

 of rose; ]i pint each of the extract of tuberose, 

 jasmin, violet, cassia, and orange flower ; j4 ounces 

 essence of cedar ; bounces each of the tinctures of 

 vanilla, musk and ambergris; '^. pint essence of 

 rose ; 1 ounce attar of bergamot, and 10 drops each 

 of the attars of almonds, cloves and neroli. Filter 

 the mixture after letting it stand lor a week. 



Bouquet de Kondeletia. — Mix 2 ounces attar 

 of lavender, 1 ouiK'e attar of cloves, 1 ounce attar of 

 bergamot, 3 drachms attar of roses, 4 ouncesjeach of 

 the tinctures of vanilla, ambergris and musk, with 1 

 gallon deodorized alcohol. Filter after a month's 

 repose. 



Live Stock. 



Bran for Cows. 



Ten years ago I was of the opinion that bran was 

 a poor thing to feed cows, but I always like to make 

 experiments, and so I bought some bran and mixed 

 it with ground oats and corn, and my wife and I 

 watched pretty close for the result. It did not take 

 long for us to find out that the cows gave more milk 

 and butter, and the butter had a Hncr color. I 

 omitted the bran one week, and my cows gave four 

 quarts of milk less. I fed bran again, and in three 

 days they gave four quarts more milk, and since 

 that time I will tell you how I mix my feed. To six 

 bushels of shelled corn I add three bushels of oats 

 and have it ground together, and with every three 

 hundred pounds of such feed I mix one hundred 

 pounds of bran. In the morning at seven o'clock I 

 take one bushel cut cornfoddcr and one bushel oat 

 chaff; on this I put thirteen pounds of the mixed 

 feed and eleven quarts of water; at eight o'clock I 

 give them eight pounds of clover bay; at eleven 

 o'clock I pump them more fresh water from a well 

 forty-two feet deep. If it is a warm day I give each 

 cow one bundle of cornfodder, out in the yard; if it 

 is cold or cloudy I do not leave them out longer 

 than they drink; then I put them in the stable and 

 give the cornfodder in their racks. I also give each 

 cow half a pint of meal and half an ounce of salt; 

 this I give them every time I jiut them in the stable. 

 At five o'clock iii the evening I give them the same 

 quantity of cut cornfodder, ehatf and mixed feed, 

 as I do in the morning at seven o'clock. At six 

 o'clock I give them eight pounds of meadow hay. I 

 also clean them with the curry comb and brush 

 twice a week, sometimes oflener. And 1 also clean 

 the stable on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. I 

 keep only four cows, and at the jiresent time I only 

 milk three of them; one of them dropped her calf 

 August 'J5th, one .Si-pteinl)er 12, and one November 

 1.5th, and I make twenty to twenty-five pounds of 

 butter a week, besides we use milk in two families. 

 .^ 



Epizooly. 



This disease has made its reappearance in this 

 country, and in some localities in an epidemic form, 

 which has become malignant and assumed a dan- 

 gerous character, both to the animal and its attend- 

 ants, all of which can be avoided by the timely use 

 of appropriate remedies. Those who have suf- 

 fered the loss of their animals, gave no heed as to 

 treatment, except nursing, thinking it would not 

 amount to much, but when they saw the blood 

 come from the nostrils, they then sounded the alarm 



but the thief had already stolen the animal. Treat- 

 ment given from the first will remove all danger In 

 tlirec ilays, and secure jjcrfcct recovery in ten to fif- 

 teen days, in ninety per cent, of all eases. Apply 

 Caustic Balsam, one-half ounce, on the throat of the 

 animal, and between the jaws, thoroughly rubbed in 

 for ten inlimtcs. One application will be sullieicnt 

 to check the progress ol thi' disease. Internal treat 

 ment is indispensable to aid nature to throw otf the 

 poison and eradicate the disi^ase from the system. 

 Ferrum phos. 3il, (uie ounce for v.iwU animal, dis- 

 solved in one pint of soft water; give one-half ounce 

 at. dose three times a day. In severe cases a dose 

 shouM be given every three hours until tlie above 

 <iuaiitity has been consigned, which will cause the 

 animal to tlirow olf profusely. Then follow with 

 kali inur. 3d, one-half ounce to one pint of water; 

 mix; give one-half ounce tlirec ti'iies a day. If the 

 animal should break out in jiostular eruption, crack- 

 ed liecis, scratches, etc.; use kalisiilph. 3,d, instead 

 of kali inur. in the same form, which shouUl always 

 be given after the use of Icrrum phos., to complete 

 a cure. — Vr.J. \V. Johnson, V . S. in t)hio Furmcr. 



Sheep in Winter. 



Two extremes should be avoided in the matter of 

 shelters. One may be insulllcicnt, while the other 

 may be so close as to be unhealthy. The majority 

 of mistakes are with those who shelter insudliiently. 

 In such instances more foo<l is eonsumcii than would 

 otherwise be required, and no corresponding benefits 

 accrue. The shelters on the sheep farm should bi^ 

 made to increase in size as rapidly as the flock mul- 

 tiplies its numbers. 



The water supply should be carefully looked to. 

 A flock of given number will drink more water in 

 winter than will he needed when on pasture. If 

 such an arrangement can be economically secured, 

 access to water twice a day is better than hut once. 

 This for two reasons — first the more timid animals 

 which are likely to be held hack in the morning by 

 their stronger fellows have a chance when the latter 

 are not so eager; and, secondly, all danger from 

 over-drinking of cold water is obviated. Uses of 

 snow in lieu of water should be forced upon the 

 flock only under the exlremest necessity. Slock 

 will live under such circumstances, but satisfactory 

 thrift will not be secured^. 



Ewes in lambs should, as far as practicable, be 

 fed and sheltered separately from the non-ltreeding 

 animals, as the crowding and more rapid move- 

 ments of the latter are apt to result injuriously, 

 while such separation makes more convenient cer- 

 tain lillle attentions to which breeding ewes are en- 

 titled as the weaning season approaches, and which 

 may be profitably accorded to them. — National Live 



Stock JonniaL 



^ 



Percherons for Small Farms. 



The West appears to be taking all the Percheron 

 horses. But it seems to us that they are just what 

 the 10 to .50 acre farmers of the East want for a 

 horse of all work. A one-horse team is sufficient on 

 a small farm if the right kind of horse is chosen — 

 heavy, yet active; docile, yet spirited; a good walker, 

 yet able to trot at a brisk gait; strong, well broken, 

 willing and safe. It is easy to make just such 

 horses of the Percherons. In fact they are all that, 

 but the breaking by nature. Such a single horse on 

 a small larm is better for nearly every purpose than 

 a pair of light horses. On a truck farm he tills the 

 bill in every particular, except for running the 

 horse-hoe in narrow rows; and if a second beast is 

 needed for that use, a small mule, well trained, is 

 better than any horse. We think a lively demand 

 for Pereherons will spring up among small farmers. 

 Let Percheron breeders keep this in mind in training 

 them. — Rural New Yorker. 



or blemish, and a fine animal In every respect. Other 

 monster horses have been known that appri>ach this 

 one in height. A span of Canadian horses, sent to 

 the Centennial Exhibition, measured 73 Inches. 

 Another in New York was 79 liiehes in height, but 

 his owner found hlin useless for the ro:id or <lrauglit, 

 as he could not fill out his great anatomy by any 

 sys'cin of feeding. The laK' Pope Pius I.\. owin-d a 

 horse that was 7.'i inches high, and another in Han- 

 over was nearly as high. One of these lived 36 

 years, an unusual longevity for the equine race. — 

 Koch. Kr. 



Ewes for Breeiling Early Lambs. 



The ])roduetion of such ns arc suitable for tin's pur- 

 pose, is unqestionably one of the most prctfitablc 

 things in whii-h Western farmers can engage, as 

 they are sought for in large numt'crs in the Eastern 

 States during the months of August and September, 

 to raise early lambs for the following Spring market. 

 Such ewes are chcajily and easily lired from grade 

 Merino or any common stock if put to a t'otswold 

 ram, as on account of his greater size and fatues, he 

 imparls these qualities in a superior degree, even to 

 his half-bred ollspring. These, when taken to the 

 Eastern States and crossed there by Southdown 

 rams, proiluce an excellent sort of early lamb, 

 which, if well fed with its dam, is ready for market 

 in May or June, and then bring an extra high price. 

 Lambs which weigh from thirty to forty pounds at 

 three to four months of age usually bring from ?7 to 

 10 each. At this price it is very profitable raising 

 them. — From thv Empire Stat'; AqricuUnritt. 



An Equine Monster. 



A horse bred in Ohio standing twenty hands and 

 one inch — six feet and nine inches high — and weigh- 

 ing 2,450 pounds, has been taken to New York as a 

 curiosity and sold to Barnum. This is believed to he 

 the largest specimen of horseflesh ever exhibited in 

 this country. The horse is a dark bay, without spot 



Fair Tests for Draft Horses. 



A horse nhould heal the best when in the harness ; 

 It is there that he docs the greater part of his work, 

 and It is of p.'Imc ini|>orlauec that trials In the 

 harness be more frequently made at our lairs. 

 Thousands of breeding stallions are never broken to 

 harness, and, if so, are never taught to handle them- " 

 selves properly with a heavy load. A spirited horse 

 out of lite harness does not always mean one that 

 will stand the test of hard work. Breeders of draft 

 horses very ginirally make their selections entirely 

 liy sight, and not from results of trials of strength 

 and endurance, ll is our belief thai much morn 

 stress should be put on the action of the animal 

 when at work ; and any system of testing the horse 

 in the harness, w lib a heavy load, will lead to an Im- 

 provement in draft horses. 



Draughts of Cold Air in the Stable. 



Horses are quite sensitive to chilling draughts of 

 air blowing upon them, and especially u|>on their 

 heads ; hence. In the construction of stables this 

 should be born in mind. .Many stables have the 

 horses face an alley, along the sides of which are 

 doors, or a large space Is left entirely open. In such 

 ca.ses, whenever the rear stable door and the one 

 leading out of the alley are o]>cn, the horses stand 

 in a chilling draught from which they cannot escape. 

 Horses, like many people can stand much wind In 

 an open field, but will catch cold while in a draught 

 only a short time. With proper venlllatlou, the 

 doors of the stable should be kept closed in cold 

 weather that no draughts may occur. — From the 

 Aincricon Agriculturint. 



Norman Stallions for Illinois. 

 The steamsliiii Denmark, which arrived at New 

 York on Friday, brought forty-two Norman stallions, 

 consigned to a firm in Illinois, and to be used for Im 

 proving the stock in the West. There were originally 

 forty-nine on the Denmark, but three stallions, two 

 mares and two I'olts died on the voyage on account 

 of the incessant rolling and pitching of the vessel, 

 caused by the unusually heavy weaiher. The pre- 

 vailing color is an iron gray, though a number of 

 them arc black. They have very strong, thick necks 

 and shoulders, sloping hips, large legs, well covered 

 with hair, and full and long manes and tails. They 

 weigh from 1,1100 lo 2,000 pounds, and stand 17 to 18 

 hands high. The horses in this lot cost from $000 lo 

 ?1, 000 each. 



How to Test Cows. 

 The difficulty of establishing the value of each 

 cow In the dairy is not as great as Is generally sup- 

 posed. The method usually employed Is to weigh 

 each cow's milk upon a spring scale as soon as it Is 

 drawn, and before pouring it into the general recep- 

 tacle. A small record book, containing the name 

 of each cow, and column for date, weight of milk, 

 etc., renders it a comparatively easy matter. Toget 

 a fair average through the year, one week's trial for 

 each month is sullicient. In making tests foi butter 

 it is only necessary to set each cows milk separately 

 and churn it by itself, which will give the yield of 

 butter for a certain quantity of mWV..— Prairie 

 Farnur. 



A Remedy Against Worms in Pigs. 



Flour of sulphur is a simple ami efl'ective remedy 

 against worms In pigs, and the animals readily par- 

 take of it, when niixeii in gruel or other slojipy food. 

 For pigs undir three months old, a teasiMionful is a 

 dose, and for older ones a small tablespoonful. It 

 may be given four days In succession, morning and 

 evening, and repeated every other week. Give 

 plenty of sour milk, green food, celery lops, acorns 

 and sliced raw onions. Avoid stagnant and putrid 

 water. Give access to charcoal and ashes. — Wettern 

 Rural. 



Horseback Riding. 



Fifty or a hundred years ago the saddle was quite 

 sure to be found in the farmer's barn, as one of the 

 necessary articles of the farm— but now it Is too 

 much put to one side for the harness and buggy. At 

 this season of the year, when the roads arc bad, the 

 saddle should be more generally used, on the ground 

 of both economy and comfort. Boys, and girls too, 

 should learn the art of horseback riding; as far as 

 possible every farmer should have a horse suited to 

 the saddle. 



