THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



85 



on," and let those who are conscious of being 

 hurt "stand from under." 



Probably it might termiuate as it did with 

 the nervous old lady who was conscientiously 

 opposed to steamboat racing, wlien she board- 

 ed one on the Ohio river with a bag of hams, 

 on her way to market. All was harmonious 

 enough until a rival boat attempted to pass 

 the one she iiatronized. The ordinary fuel did 

 not generate steam rapid enough, and so they 

 fed the furnace with lirkins of lard, oil and 

 other violent combustibles until all were ex- 

 hausted, and then, so intensely did the old 

 lady inspire the excitement, that she sacrificed 

 her hams rather than the other boat should 

 pass them. 



Under any circumstances, it seems that a 

 county fair at least cannot be a success finan- 

 cially, without combining the two heretofore 

 conflicting elements in a united effort, and if 

 this is impossible, then the whole subject had 

 better be abandoned at once. 



The Western States seem to be pretty well 

 convinced th.at there must be "racing" of 

 some kiud as an attraction to a very large and 

 sustaining class of people, and hence they are 

 introducing chariot races, and in some in- 

 stances the charioteers belong to the gentler 

 sex, which is, perhaps, intended as a special 

 attraction. 



It will not be creditable, however, to the 

 great county of Lancaster, if she thus apa- 

 thetically subsides and eschews all interest in 

 and all sympathy with efforts made to place 

 her in the industrial ranks of our common 

 country. Of course she prospered before siie 

 ever held an exhibition of her industrial pro- 

 ducts, and may continue to do so m the future, 

 but it is impossible to say how far she may be 

 benefited by such public denion-strations. 



•FREE" AND "FLOUR" GOLD. 



Maj. T. W. Park, who has been in Hell 

 Canon for twelve days with a party of experi- 

 enced prospectors arid minors, speaks enthu- 

 siastically of the "Star" mine owned by Dr. 

 Strachan, of Albuquerque. The shaft is only 

 twenty feet deep, but every foot has thus fa\- 

 developed "free" and "Hour" gold. These 

 surface indications are precursors to a wealth 

 of ore that will place Hell Canon in the front 

 rank of mining districts. That the "Star" 

 is of wonderful apparent richness, all experts 

 agree. Its development is all that is needed. 

 Dr. Strachan is determined to develop his 

 mine and his efforts will meet vvith the healthy 

 sympathy and generous support of all citizens 

 interested in the welfare of Alburquerque.— 

 Albuquerque Daily Journal. 



The friends of Dr. S., in Lancaster county, 

 where he was "bred and born," will be 

 pleased to learn that his arduous and perse- 

 vering labors in the mining regions of New 

 Mexico, are in process of being crowned with 

 success. "Hell Canon" is not a very prepos- 

 sessing title ; but, contrary to the opinion of 

 Chaimcey Burr, is seems to be a far better 

 place than the "Spanish Inquisition." Under 

 any circumstances, it is gratifying to his 

 friends here to be admonished that at last his 

 "Star" is in the ascendant. 



Entomological. 



Moisture. 

 The appearance at the present time (.Tune 

 10) is, that we may have quite too vruch mois- 

 ture for a healthy condition of man, beast, or 

 vegetation, especially if Mr. Venor's predic- 

 tions are Hterally realized. Even now there 

 is a humidity, both indoors and outdoors that 

 is anything but agreeable. 



THE APPLE WORM. 



How It Goes to Work and the Means Where- 

 by Its Ravages May be Stayed. 

 The apple worm is among the worst ene- 

 mies with which the fruit-grower ha.s to con- 

 tend ; living, as it does, hidden from view, it 

 is not very often destroyed by either birds or 

 insects. It does not confine its attacks to the 

 apple, but also infests crab-apples, pears, 

 peaches and even plums. The last brood of 

 worms spin their cocoons in the autmnn and 

 remain in them unchanged until the follow- 

 ing spring, when they arc changed to chry.ssi- 

 lides, and about two weeks later to moths ; 

 the latter are commonly called "codliug- 

 moths." About the middle of May these 

 moths deposit their eggs singly ii|)on the young 

 fruit, usually placing them upon the blossom 

 end, but sometimes also upon the op))08ite 

 end, rarely upon the sides. As soon as 

 hatched the young worm burrows into the 

 fruit, casting its excrements and other refuse 

 matter out of the hole by which it had en- 

 tered the fruit. It reaches its full growth in 

 about one month, and then measures about 

 one-half an inch in length. Its body is pro- 

 vided with sixteen feet, is of a yellowish 

 color, usually tinged with pink, and marked 

 with a few polished, raised, dark-colored 

 spots ; the head and a spot on top of the firet 

 segment are polished brown. When about to 

 assume the chrysalis form the worm deserts 

 the fruit and crawls beneath a piece of loose 

 bark, or any other object which offers it a 

 shelter, and after gnawing out an oval cavity 

 it spins therein a thin whitish cocoon. There 

 are two broods of these worms produced in 

 one year, but these broods overlap each other, 

 so that worms of all sizes may be found at al- 

 most any season of the year. The fruit in- 

 fested by Che worms of the first brood usually 

 falls to the ground before the worms have de- 

 serted it, but that infested by those of the 

 second brood usually remains upon the trees 

 until harvested, and the worms are thus car- 

 ried to the store-liou.se or cellar. 



In our warfare upon the insect our first 

 work in the spring should be to carefully ex- 

 amine the bins and barrels in which the 

 apples have been stored and destroy all of 

 the worms and cocoons that can be found; 

 this can probably be done the easiest by the 

 use of hot water. Later in the season the 

 ground beneath the infested trees should be 

 examined daily, and the fallen apples 

 gathered and either fed to the hogs, or such 

 use made of them as will destroy the worms 

 which they contain; or, if the hogs are al- 

 allowed to run in the orchard, they will de- 

 vour the fallen fruit, and thus .save us the 

 trouble of gathering it. 



Prof. A. .1. Cook, of the Michigan Agri- 

 cultural College, recommends thoroughly 

 syringing the infested trees with a solution 

 of Paris green, or London-purple and water, 

 using two tablespoonfuls of the former, or 

 one of the latter, in two gallons of water. He 

 states that on the 2.5th of May, and again on 

 the 2()th of June, he thoroughly sprayed tlie 

 same Siberian crab apple trees with this 

 liquid; the fruit of the trees had been 

 seriously injured whenever they had borne in 



previous years, yet a careful search made on 

 the 19th of the following August failed to 

 discover a single injured apple, although the 

 fruit on other trees only a few yards off, but 

 not treated with this liquid, were very much 

 infested with the worms, one-fourth to one- 

 half being wormy. To ascertain whether the 

 fruit had retained any of the ijoison, he cut 

 on pieces from some that grew in places that 

 had Ixjcn sprayed so much as to destroy the 

 foliage, and sent them to a chemist; the latter 

 could find no traces of the poison, it having 

 been applied so early in the season that the 

 rains had washed it all off before the fruit 

 matured. A safer plan is to place around 

 the trunks of the infested trees bandages of 

 paper, beneath which many of the worms 

 will crawl and sjiin their cocoons. For this 

 purpose common straw wrapping-paper may 

 be used; it is usually sold in sheets 18 by 20 

 inches, and each sheet folded thrice upon it- 

 self gives eight layers, between two and three 

 inches wide, and l<mg enough to reach around 

 most ordinary trees. Pa.ss one of these 

 aroimd the trunk of each infested tree, and 

 fasten with a tack. This should be done 

 about the first week in June; about two 

 weeks afterward they should be carefully re- 

 moved, and the larvffi and pupte found be- 

 neath them destroyed, and, as the larvae are 

 sometimes hidden within the folds of the 

 bandages, some method must be adopted that 

 will destroy these. As the bandages are so 

 cheap thoy may be hurnijd and replaced with 

 new ones; or a quantity of them may be col- 

 lected in a basket and taken to some con- 

 venient place and be run through a clothas- 

 wringer, and then be replaced upon the trees. 

 The great drawback to this method is that 

 the worms are not destroyed until they have 

 done all the damage that they are capable of 

 doing. Although much safer in its applica- 

 tion than Prof. Cook's method, it is not near 

 so effective, since the latter not only destroys 

 the worms before they have had time to in- 

 jure the fruit very much, but also destroys 

 the canker-worms and other leaf-eating in- 

 sects. — Germantown Telegraph. 



CURRANT WORMS. 

 Those who have experienced annoyance 

 through the ravages of tlip currant worm, 

 may find it worth while to try the 

 plan of a writer in the Fruit Record. He 

 says: "In starting a currant patch, I confine 

 the bush not to exceed from one to three main 

 stems, and give all the strength of the root to 

 their support. As hinted above, sprouts will 

 start from the roots each spring; but they 

 must be rubbed off when about six inches 

 liing. All currant growers are aware tliat 

 worms first make their appearimce on the new 

 growth and then spread over the bush. Con- 

 sequently, no sprouts no worms. This is just 

 as plain as that two and two make four. I have 

 followed this plan for the jvwt two years to 

 my satisfaction, and have barely seen the ef- 

 fect of worms on one or two bushes where my 

 plan was not fully carried out. But such cur- 

 rants I never .saw grow, the common red 

 Dutch being nearly a,s large as the cherry 

 currant and a better bearer. I have a few 

 bushes that actually broke down from their 

 load of fruit." 



