ISSl.] 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



151 



Raspberries.— 1. Hornet; 2. Heratine; 3. 

 Pliiladelpliia; 4. Brandywine. 



Strawberries?.— 1. Captain Jack; 2. Seth 

 Boyden;3. Sharplcss; 4. Trioniphe de Gand. 

 Currants.— 1. Black Naples; 2. Red Dutcli; 

 .'?. Wiiite Grape. These three varieties are the 

 best among the different colors. The Red 

 Dutch is a regular bearer and is of better 

 (lualily than any other. There are otliers 

 liirp;er, but they are more acid. The white I 

 •;rape is transparent, of !;ood quality, and ! 

 ought to be more generally grown, but it is 

 not a great bearer. 



Gooseberries. — 1. Houghton; 2. Downing. 

 The.se are the two best gooseberries grown in 

 tills country. They bear every year heavy 

 crops, are free from mildew, and are of ex- 

 cellent quality. They are large enough for 

 all practical purposes. Keep clear of the 

 giants and their big prices, and especially of 

 foreign varieties. 



Rlaekberries.- 1. NewRochelle;2. Missouri 

 Cluster; 3. Wilson's Farly; 4. Snyder. The 

 Sii\der, a new Western blackberry, is highly 



It is writen, not for the information of men 

 who have bred or owned Jersey cows and are 

 fiiiniliar with their superior excellence for 

 milk and butter, but for the practical farmer, 

 whose hands an<l head are too full toi)atlently 

 tigure out the actual value of different animals 

 in his own herd from which he must make the 

 money necessary to procure the common com- 

 forts as well as the luxuries of life, for himself 

 and his family. 



In New England a pound of butter can be 

 made for less rnon.y than a pound and a half 

 of beef, taking tiie animals at birth or begin- 

 ning with femalis two years old. | 

 Taking any gooil herd of Jersey cows, old ] 

 and young, from the time the heifers first ! 

 come in milk, and It will average to make two- 

 thirds as many poundsof butter per annum, as 

 any person in New England can make in 

 pounds of beef, ou any herd of any breed. 



The beef is worth six to nine cents, and the 

 butter from twenty to forty cents. 



The objection raised is, that making but- I 

 ter causes too much work in the house. That 



lars for a cow that will make 200 i)0unds of 

 butter per annum, and for different amounts 

 up to 600 pounds per annum, assuming that 

 the cow win die at twelve years of age. Tho 

 Interest upon the first cost of the cow, and on 

 lier product for each yejir, is comiwunded at 

 tlie rate of six per cent, per annum, up to the 

 day it Is assumed the cow will die, taking no 

 account of the value of the stock bred from 

 her. 



Men think money is worth as much to them 

 to spend as they got it, as to accumulate, or 

 else they would accumulate and not spend. 



A prudent fanner either Invests his money 

 In increased comforts for himself and family, 

 In the education of his children. In improv- 

 ing his farm, or by loaning it to his neighbors. 

 Wliatever he does with it he is induenced in 

 disposing of it by the desire to secure the 

 most happlne.ss out of it. In order to place 

 the real value of the money we receive for 

 the products of the farm convincingly before 

 our minds, we must see what the money we 

 receive is worth to us to put on interest as we 



spoken of at distant points, but we prefer to 

 wait another year before recommending it, in 

 the meantime giving it a trial. Wc shall pro- 

 bably fruit it this year. 



It is better that those who intend to culti- 

 vate fruit and have to make purchases, to 

 take this list with them to the nursery, and 

 adhere to it as far as possible. 



In selecting fruit trees, or any others, be 

 careful to chose those with smooth, healthy 

 looking bark, have entirely shed their leaves, 

 and have plenty of small fibrous roots. Trees 

 on which the leaves remain afterfrost sets In, 

 and stick to the branches in the spring, may 

 be rei^arded as not healthy, and in some way 

 lacking stamina. — Germantmni Teleyraph. 



BREEDING AND VALUE OF BUTTER 

 COWS. 



BY J. H. WALKER, OF WORCESTER, MASS. 



This paper is written in the hope that 

 certain facts and principles connected with 

 practical breeding and dairying will be seen in 

 a clearer liglit than some, under whose eyes 

 this will fall, have ever seen them in before. 



it kills the women; but there is no more sense 

 or decency in compelling a delicate woman to 

 make the butter, than in compelling her to 

 plough, to hoe, mow the grass or chop the 

 wood. Making the butter is certainly as hard 

 work as much of the outdoor labor. If men 

 can make three limes as much on their own 

 labor devoting it to butter making, as on their 

 labor expended on other farm work, it is pass- 

 ing strange they will sell their cows that will 

 gain them twenty to forty cents a day, and go 

 to making beef that will only make them from 

 six to nine cents a day. It is probably be- 

 cause they do not carefully figure out the result 

 as between beef making and butter making. 



Furthermore, every, farmer should know 

 what the dift'erence Is in the actual value of 

 the different cows he owns, rating their 

 value upon the money he gets for their pro- 

 'duct. 



An ordinaiy cow will make about 200 

 pounds of butter a year. The tables are in- 

 tended to show what the difference is in the 

 value of different cows for producing butter, 

 taking as a basis the payment of thirty dol- 



it. If we did not think money paid 

 I us as well invested in the education of our 

 I children as when it is put at interest we should 

 put it at interest. Whether this is so or not, 

 as long as every business is done upon the 

 basis of interest or investments, we must 

 treat the question of values as applied to cows 

 on that basis. This is the only way to accu- 

 rately prove the difference in value between 

 one cow and another. 



Assuming that each cow cost at two years 

 old, the price named in the tables, will die at 

 twelve years old, the actual value of cows to 

 practical farmere making annually the differ- 

 ent amounts of butter named, is therein 

 shown. 



The columns in each table headed with the 

 odd numbers, viz: 1, 3, 6, etc., sliow what the 

 total value of the butter will be, that the cow 

 will make each year, and also in the ten 

 years; and also what a farmer can afford to 

 pay for each cow making the different 

 amounts of butter named. The footing of • 

 those columns show the different amounts the 

 farmer, who buys one of each of the cows 



