124 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



[August 



to these animals, consisting of a tumor, some- 

 times of considerable extent, a collection of 

 thin mucous-like substance in which is the 

 coloring matter of the skin. These tumors 

 do not neessarily interfere w)th the usefulness 

 of the animal, but they are unsightly and will 

 interfere with the sale. Having then ex- 

 amined these parts, a look over the animal 

 should be carefully taken to see if anything 

 has been passed over. 



Next test the animal's wind. It is well 

 to let the animal have a little hay. In some 

 cases of heaves there are various substances 

 which are given to allay the symptoms tem- 

 porarily. When the bowels are empty the 

 heaves are scarcely noticed. A pail of water 

 or three or four pounds of hay thould be 

 given. Then you examine the larynx or or- 

 gan of the voic3. Sometimes the larynx do 

 not open and shut as required when the ani- 

 mal is unhealthy, and the air goes through 

 with a roaring and whistling sound. After 

 testing its breathing apparatus, it is well to 

 throw a little hay upon the ground to see 

 whether the lips are sound. Sometimes they 

 are paralyzed and the animal can not gather 

 its hay properly. — Planter''s Journal. 



Our Local organizations. 



LANCASTER COUNTV AGRICULTURAL 

 AND HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



The regular meeting of the Agricultural and Hor- 

 ticultural Society was held on Monday afternoon, 

 August 6, a fair attendance being present. 



The meeting was called to order by the president, 

 Henry C. Resh. 



In the absence of the secretary, Joseph F. Witraer 

 was chosen secretary/;™ (em. 



On motion the reading of the minutes of the pro- 

 ceeding meeting was dispensed with. 



Mr. Cooper, of the committee appointed to attend 

 the meeting for the election of trustees of the State 

 Agricultural College, read the printed report of the 

 committee's trip. 



Crop Reports. 



Mr. Cooper said the hay crop was the heaviest in 

 his section he had ever Icnown, but it was not of the 

 best quality ; the harvest has been nearly equal to 

 that of last year ; early potatoes were right good . 

 corn has come out well and promises a full crop ; 

 young clover was never better than at preaent, and 

 pasture is very abundant ; the prospects of the apple 

 crop are very poor; peach crop is quite good, and 

 pears are also better than he had anticipated ; grapes, 

 promised well early in the season, but they are now 

 rotting badly and the mildew is affecting them. The 

 rainfall for June was 6 G 10 inches ; for July it was 

 over four inches. 



Mr. Kendig said the hail did considerable destruc- 

 tion to the tobacco crops in northern Manor, from 

 75 to 100 acres of :obacco having been partially cut 

 up. The wheat crop was good; but the fruit crop 

 will be light. The rainfall for June was 6 4-5 inches 

 and for July, 4 9 10 inches. 



Mr. Hiller did not think the corn crop was going to 

 be a full one, for several reasons ; first, it was slow 

 growing, and second, it was damaged considerable 

 by floods ; tomatoes are not ripening well, but pota- 

 toes are growing fast ; the fruit crop will be very 

 poor, and he will not have one-tenth of an apple 

 crop out of his orchard of over 800 trees. 



Mr. Cooper corroborated most that had been said, 

 except as to the corn crop, which he said was unusu- 

 ally promising in his section of the county ; wheat 

 yielded from 30 to 38 bushels per acre ; the hay crop 

 was unusually large, but poor in quality ; as to to 

 bacco he had never seen a better growth at this 

 season of the year ; the fruit crop will be poor, al- 



though pears may turn out better than was expected 

 several mouths ago ; clover is remarkably good. 



Mr. Resh, of Pequea, reported a similar state of 

 affairs in his section. 



One of the members having asked as to the best 

 time to plow clover under — when green or when 

 ripe ? Mr. Cooper said there was a difference of 

 opinion on the subject. Some think it is better to do so 

 before it is ripe, as it then has more strength ; others 

 plow it over after it is ripe, because the seed may 

 make plant food. 



Mr. Resh said there were very few seasons when 

 it was possible to plow clover dry. The seed when 

 turned over will be beneficial as a fertilizer. 



Mr. Buckwalter, of Salisbury, said that two years 

 ago a neighbor plowed down clover just as it was 

 going to seed, and he had next year the finest crop 

 of wheat he had ever seen. As to crop prospect he 

 reported about the same as the other gentlemen. 



.Mr. Reist reported very favorably for all crops, ex- 

 cept tobacco, which will not be full, and which will 

 also be foxy to a greater or less extent. 



Mr. Wood said the corn in his section was pushing 

 out very well ; wheat and oats were about as previ- 

 ously reported. 



S. P. Eby said his grapes were doing very well, 

 and he would have a full crop ; peaches also prom- 

 ised a large crop. He was of the opinion that the 

 ground in the orchards should be cultivated every 

 year. He asked whether there was a remedy to pre- 

 vent the rotting of plums. 



Mr. Hiller did not think there was a remedy, for 

 he was of the opinion that it was caused by the at- 

 mosphere. If the trees stood on ground 400 or .500 

 feet above the ordinary level he did not think they 

 would rot. 



Mr. Engle partly agreed with Mr. Hiller, but he 

 thought some varieties of plums were more apt to 

 rot than others. 



The Apple Question. 



Casper Hiller, to whom had been referred a ques- 

 tion as to whether it would not be better to go to the 

 Southern States for our winter apples, replied that 

 in his opinion it would not. He had experimented 

 with a few varieties, and did not find that they did 

 very well. 



Mr. Engle agreed with Mr. Hiller. He thought 

 we had plenty of apples in this county which would 

 do very well provided the proper care was taken of 

 them. 



Mr. Eby referred to a man who had a forest 

 planted on the north of his apple orchard, and he 

 took occasion to cultivate his trees. He also asked 

 whether the plan of grafting had not something to 

 do with unhealthy trees. 



.Mr. Hiller replied that he did not think this was 

 the case, and he attributed the deterioration of the 

 apple crop to atmospheric causes. 



Mr. Engle was in favor of grafting, but from 

 healthy trees only, as the operation aided the growth 

 very materially. 



Mr. E. S. Hoover was of the opinion that the in- 

 crease of insects had more to do with the decay of 

 our apples than any other cause. 



Mr. J. G. Rush also spoke on the above subject, 

 and gave as his opinion that the practice of allowing 

 swine to run about the orchards was a good plan for 

 keeping the orchards in good condition. 



Mr. Witmer said Mr. Rush's plan might be eood 

 for the apples, but he did not think it would be good 

 for the pork. He always found that when he allowed 

 his swine to run about they would make no growth. 



New Business. 



Dr. Bollinger, of Lancaster, was elected a member 

 of the society. 



On motion of Mr. Cooper the secretary was in- 

 structed in the future to leave the minutes in the 

 room. 



Mr. Engle amended by instructing him to mail 

 them to the society in case he cannot be present. 



Mr. Eby asked what moles eat — insects or plants ? 

 Mr. Hiller replied that he had s,een many mole hills, 

 but he never knew of them to destroy plants. 



Messrs. Hunsecker and Hoover were appointed a 

 committee to report on the exhibit of fruit, and after 

 examining it awarded first premium to Casper Hiller 

 for the largest collection and first premium to Mr. 

 Engle for the best plate. 



After some time spent in social intercourse the 

 meeting adjourned. 



THE FULTON FARMERS' CLUB. 



This club met at the residence of Solomon Gregg, 

 August 14, 1883, the following being present : 

 Joseph Brown, Lindley King, Montillion Brown, 

 Wm. King, C. C. CauflTman, Day Wood, Mrs. Dr. 

 Sides and daughter, Mrs. Stewart, Joseph Jenkins 

 and wife, Mrs. David Widley, and several other 

 ladies. The members were all accompanied by 

 others of their families, and including the visitors 

 made quite a large company. 



The minutes of last meeting were read and ap- 

 proved. 



There being no specimens to exhibit, Wm. King 

 asked the question, " Where he was going to apply 

 400 to 600 pounds of fertilizer to the acre, would it 

 be advisable to drill all of this quantity in with the 

 grain ?" 



The members were all of the opinion that it would 

 be better to plow a part of this down and drill the 

 balance. Sol. Gregg asked what is the best way to 

 destroy plantains in the yard ? William King re- 

 plied that he had seen in some paper that by drop- 

 ping sulphuric acid on this weed would destroy it. 

 Several others thought the only and best way was to 

 pull them up. 



Jos. Brown asked : " What kind of wheat do the 

 members intend to sow this fall ?" Jos. Jenkins 

 said he has been sowing the Italian variety for seve- 

 ral years ; he liked it very well, and intends to sow 

 the same this year. Several of the members said 

 they intend to sow the same, but all present except 

 one still stick to the Foltz variety. One member in- 

 tends sowing some old Mediterranean. 



Day Wood asked : " What will make the best 

 kind of fence to build across meadows that flood 

 over !" Several present thought barbed wire would 

 make the best as it was small and offered less sur- 

 face for rubbish to collect on and if they were broken 

 would not float away. Others' ideas were more on 

 the floodgate principal. 



The late floods of this neighborhood having been so 

 disastrous to bridges, led Wm. King to ask, if 

 bridges built close to the water and substantially 

 built and bolted down would not stand the floods 

 better than the common way of building them ? 

 Some thought it would. 



Mont. Brown said he has a bridge on his farm that 

 has stood successfully all the high water so far. The 

 bridge is about as high as those on each side of it on 

 the same stream that have been taken away. 



Mr. Brown attributes this to the solidity in build- 

 ing it. He first imbebbed very large logs to start 

 the abutments on, which are made of very large 

 stones. He then puts a large bolt running through 

 the bed logs and the sleepers on top of these, thor- 

 oughly holding the bridge together. 



Montillion Brown asked what time members in- 

 tend sowing wheat ? From the 15th to 20th of Sep- 

 tember was the general intention. 



Lizzy Wood asked whether we can use too many 

 hops in making yeast? Mrs. Stewart thought there 

 can be too many used, as it would make the yeast 

 bitter. She used one handful of hops, one quart of 

 water, three tablespoon fills of flour, one tablespoon, 

 ful of ginger and one cup of yeast. Mrs. Thomas 

 Griest's recipe was : Two handfuls of hops to one 

 quart of water ; boil well and have flour enough to 

 make a batter, to which add one teaspoonful each of 

 ginger and molasses ; pour the liquor boiling hot 

 and when sufBciently cool add one cup of good 

 yeast. One cup of this yeast will be sufficient for a 

 large baking. 



The club then adjourned for dinner and after do- 

 ing justice to the good things prepared by the hostess 

 the male members took a walk over the fine farm of 

 the host, viewing his crop, stock and buildings, after 



