160 



THE LANCASTER FARMER. 



[October, 1883 



How TO Make a Peach Pie.— If your peaches 

 are juicy, do not put a drop of water in a pie. Scat- 

 ter at least one teacupful of sugar over the peaches 

 in a medium-sized pie ; wet the edges of the crust so 

 that no juice will escape ; have the oven hot when 

 the pie is put in, and let it cool gradually. When 

 you can see the juice bubble through the openings in 

 the top of the crust you may feel reasonably sure 

 that :he fruit is cooked enough ; to be absolutely 

 certain, let the pie stand in the oven with the door 

 wide open for five minutes, after you have noticed 

 the bubbles ; and after the crust looks done. 



Cole-Slaw.— To the cabbage properly sliced, add 

 pepper, salt, vinegar and the leaves of young celery 

 plants, cut fine. Although so easily prepared, this is 

 one of the best of cole-slaws. Every kitchen should 

 be provided with a celery bed, if it be only a box on 

 the windowsill. Celery seed, sown in rich earth, 

 will in a few few weeks produce plants three or four 

 inches high, the tender leaves of which are invalu- 

 able to a cook. In seasoning many dishes they may 

 be substituted for parsley with the best results, and 

 as a garnish for cold meals young celery leaves ar^ 

 unequalled. 



Corn Pudding. — Grate seven ears of corn, ordin- 

 ary size, and not too young. Add two beaten eggs 

 and a piece of butter the size of an egg, and two 

 tablespoonfuls, and no more, of cream or rich milk, 

 and a little salt. This quantity will make one pud- 

 ding, to be baked in a tin pie-plate from a half to 

 three-quarters of an hour, nice and brown. It re- 

 quires no flour or anything else, except good butter 

 when done, and served hot for breakfast or supper. 

 Egg Plants (Stuffed).— Take half a dozen egg- 

 plants ; split them in two, lengthwise, and scoop out 

 the interior until only a mere shell is left ; salt these 

 and let them drain. Chop the interior of the egg- 

 plants with three onions ; then render them with 

 butter ; add some chopped mushrooms and parsley 

 and a few crumbs of fresh bread ; season well with 

 salt, pepper and nutmeg ; then bind with yolks of 

 half a dozen eggs. Fill the body of the egg-plants 

 with this stuffing ; cover them with a few bread 

 crnmbs ; put them into a roasting-pan and wet 

 them with a little sweet oil ; then into a quick oven 

 for about ten or fifteen minutes, to give them a nice 

 color. 



Lemon Whey. — Take milk and water, a pint of 

 each ■ add to it the juice of two lemons, and let the 

 mixture boil for five minutes ; strain and sugar to 

 taste. Recommended for a cold. 



Potted Chicken. — This is an agreeable relish 

 and makes a pleasant luncheon when traveling. 

 Take a roast fowl and carve off all the meat. Take 

 two slices of cold ham and chop it with chicken ; add 

 to this one-quarter pound of best butter ; add salt 

 and pepper to taste ; now pound this altogelhei to a 

 paste ; put the mixture in a jam pot ; cover closely. 

 It will keep in a cool place ten days, or long enough 

 for any moderate journey. 



Eve's Pudding. — Pare, core and chop half a 

 dozen apples, take six ounces of finely-grated bread- 

 crumbs, six ounces of washed and picked Zante cur- 

 rants, six ounces of pulverized sugar, a saltspoonful 

 of salt, and a quarter of a nutmeg finely grated, 

 half a dozen eggs beaten up, a tablespoonful of the 

 thin, yellow rind of lemons cut up very fine, and two 

 wineglasses of brandy. Mix all these ingredients 

 well together ; tie them up in a wetted or floured 

 cloth, and plunge them into a vessel containing 

 plenty of boiling water. Boil briskly for three hours. 

 When about to serve pour melted butter over the 

 pudding and send to table piping hot. 



Chili Sauce — Which we know to be good. — Take 

 one peck of tomatoes (peeled), six large onions, 

 three red peppers, one pound of sugar and one quart 

 of vinegar. Cook all together slowly for a Ions' time 

 and add two tablespoonfuls each of three kinds of 

 spices — cloves, cinnamon and allspice, or any others 

 as preferred, salt to suit the taste. Ground mace is 

 a nice spice for those who like the taste of it. 



Boston Brown Bread. — Two cups each corn 

 meal, graham flour and sour milk, 1 of molasses, 1 

 teaspoon soda, steam four hours. 



An Excellent Pudding is made of tart apples 

 stewed, and then put In layers with fine cracker or 

 bread crumbs. While the apples are still hot stir 

 sugar and a little butter in with them. This should 

 be baked for half an hour. A little sweet cream is 

 a great addition, but it is good without any sauce. 



Corn Bread.— One pint meal, 3 tablespoons flour, 

 1 egg, piece of butter size of an egg, 3 teaspoons 

 baking powder sifted with the meal and flour, and 

 and not quite I pint sweet milk. 



Seasoning Sausage Meat.— For one hundred 

 pounds meat use salt twelve ounces, pepper six 

 ounces, sage four ounces. 



Live Stock. 



Thrifty Pigs. 

 Pure air helps to make pure blood, which, in the 

 course of nature, builds up healthful bodies. Out- 

 of-door pigs would not show so well at the fairs, 

 and would probably be passed over by the judges 

 and people who have been taught to admire only fat 

 and helpless things, which get the prizes. Such 

 pigs are well adapted to fill lard kegs, whereas the 

 standard of perfection should be a pig which will 

 make the most ham with the least waste of fat, the 

 longest and deepest sides, with the most lean meat. 

 It should have bone enough to stand up and help 

 itself to food, and carry with it the evidences of 

 health and natural development in all of its parts. 

 Pigs which run on a range of pasture have good ap- 

 petites—the fresh air and exercise gives them this— 

 hence they will eat a great variety of food, and much 

 coarser than when 'confined in pens. Nothing need 

 go to waste on a farm for need of a market. They 

 will consume all the refuse fruit, roots, pumpkins 

 and all kinds of vegetables, which will make thera 

 grow. By extending the root patch and planting 

 the fodder corn thinner, so that nubbins will form 

 on it, by putting in a sweet variety, the number of 

 pigs may be increased in proportion. The pig 

 pasture will be ready the next year for any crop, 

 and ten times the advantages accrue to the farmer 

 than if the pigs are confined to close pens, for, as 

 pigs are usually managed on a farm, but little 

 manure is ever made from them.—Swine Breeders' 

 Journal. 



Handling Young Stock. 

 I have read with much interest your remarks in 

 the February number, page 63, upon " Winter Edu- 

 cation in the Stable," a heading, by the by, which 

 made we turn over to see whether I had not got into 

 the horse department, as we, in England, call only 

 the horse stalls the stable, and the dwellings of our 

 cows, heifers and calves the byre, shipon or cow 

 house and the loose box. As a practical manager of 

 stock I can testify that the handling you advocate is 

 most important, and I would add to your sugges- 

 tions about the heifer's udder just this : That the 

 milkmaid or herdsman who attends to the heifer 

 about the time of calving, and milks her constantly 

 afterward, should devote special care to the fore 

 quarters of the udder. This being a little more diffi- 

 cult to milk than the hind quarters, the milk not 

 running so freely as from the latter, are often 

 neglected; the milker does that which he finds 

 easiest to do and encouraged the flow of milk to the 

 hinder parts of the udder. From this cause we see 

 80 many unshapely udders, deep behind, shrunk in 

 front, and the yield of milk is absolutely less than 

 when the fore-parts are trained to contribute their 

 fair share. The fore-quarters should be milked first 

 and " stripped" last, especially in a young heifer, al- 

 though it is well not to neglect the matronly cow in 

 this respect. I have known serious accidents hap- 

 pen to heifers in traveling, from neglect of handling 

 and haltering at an early age, and bulls to become 

 permanently and ungovernably vicious from want of 

 attention and the herdsman's frequent companion- 

 ship. But in all these very necessary " handlings," 

 I would forbid the use of the stick. Both heifers 

 I and bulls are amenable to kindness judicially exer- 



cised. I never knew it fail, even with animals neg- 

 lected until they were half grown, and consequently 

 very excitable and wild. Cautious approaches, with 

 firmness and gentleness, will enable a man to get 

 perfect control over the most shy, provided that the 

 stick or, still worse, the boot, has not already caused 

 a lifelong dread of all manlcind. — Live Stock Journal. 



Salt. 



" Salt is good," no doubt, and a grain of it should 

 be taken with the statement which is widely circulat- 

 ing that "Prof. Joseph E. Johnson says 57 per cent, 

 of the blood of an animal consists of common salt, 

 which is partially discharged every day through the 

 kidneys and the skin." As an ordinary man has about 

 12 pounds of blood, and an ox or a horse about 80 

 pounds in the veins, if 57 per cent, of this consists of 

 salt an animal would be a sort of living salt spring. 

 The truth is that blood contains only 1 per cent, of 

 solid matter, of which less than one-seventh part is 

 chloride of sodium or salt. But while salt is indis- 

 pensable 50 supply even this small quantity, without 

 which an animal would become diseased and die, ij 

 is also requisite to a greater extent to enable the 

 stomach to digest food. For salt not only assists In 

 the solution of food, but it contributes to the hydro- 

 chloric acid which it contains to the gastric juice, 

 which is in part composed of this acid, and also con- 

 tributes its soda in part to the bile. And as the bile 

 is an important agent in digestion it is seen that salt 

 is indispensably necessary to the welfare of an animal. 



Vaccinating Live-Stock. 



M. Pasteur tells the Academic des Sciences at 

 Paris that wonderful results are being obtained in 

 the work of vaccinating live-stock as a preventive 

 against disease. During the past year 80,000 sheep, 

 about 4,000 head of cattle, and .500 horses have been 

 vaccinated. Before this system was introduced the 

 annual loss from liver rot in one department was 9 

 per cent., while the loss since then has been reduced 

 over one-half. Among flocks partially vaccinated 

 even the loss is one to ten between the vaccinated 

 and uuvaccinated. The experiment was fairly tried, 

 the cattle receiving in care and food the same treat- 

 ment. Among the 4, .562 head of cattle vaccinatei^ 

 during the year there were but 11 deaths, the rate of 

 mortality being reduced from 7.03 per cent, to 34 



per cent. 



^ 



Water for Stock. 



Animals need good water as well as men do. We 

 all know more or less about the effects Of filthy 

 water on the human system. Many and dangerous 

 diseases come from its use, perhaps more than from 

 any other cause. It is precisely tho same with ani- 

 mals. We believe, says the Kansas Farmer, an(i our 

 belief is founded on many years' observation, that 

 most of the fevers in cattle, sheep, horses and hogs 

 are caused by the drinking of impure water. We 

 have lost cattle that we believe died from that cause 

 alone. Only four years ago we lost a good cow, and 

 no cause could we find that could have possibly pro- 

 duced the fever of which she died, except the stand- 

 ing water she drank out on the open prairie. We 

 have seen many instances of supposed Texas fever in 

 places where no Texas cattle had been for years. 



Literary and Personal. 



Philadelphia Store News, edited by John 

 Wanamaker ; a royal quarto of eight pages, highly 

 illustrated. From the title of this paper it might be 

 supposed that it was devoted to the stores, or the 

 mercantile interests of Philadelphia in general, but, 

 jn reality, if this initial number (vol. 1, No. 1, Sep- 

 tember, 1883) may be taken as a true reflex of its 

 future, it is wholely and solely devoted to the inter- 

 ests of John Wanamaker's " great store," corner of 

 Market and Thirteenth streets, in the city of Phila- 

 delphia, and hence only an advertising sheet. It 

 does not say so, but we presume it is issued for 

 gratuitous circulation, and well it might, for we 

 cannot conceive of anything more useful and conve- 



