182 



THE LANCASTER PARMER. 



[December, 



stock— Herefords, Shorthorn, and their grades 

 and crosses — with the best feed and care that 

 experienced feeders could give them, and may 

 be considered representative animals of their 

 class. 



Let us now look at the record of some of 

 the best butter producers and compare the 

 probable profit of the two classes. Eurotas, 

 the property of A. B. Darling, has a record of 

 having made 778 pounds of butter from 7,525 

 pounds of milk, in 11 months and 6 days; 

 Jersey Queen of Barnet, 770 pounds in one 

 year ; Jersey Belle of Scituate, 705 pounds in 

 one year ; Pansy, 574 pounds, when a four- 

 year-old. Mr. A. B. Darling's four-year- 

 old cow Bomba made 21 pounds and lU 

 ounces in seven days, or 3.103 pounds per 

 day. These are representative cows, and are 

 only cited to show the capabilities of the cow 

 for butter. Good butter cows will produce 

 nearly as many pounds of butter upon the 

 same amount of proper food as pounds of 

 beef can be obtained when fed to the average 

 beef stock. 



It would take a pretty good beef animal to 

 produce that immber of pounds, live weight, 

 in the same time. Yet we can sell our butter 

 for four or five times the price of live-weight 

 beef. If she gives but 300 pounds during the 

 year, and we sell it, as he did, for thirty-five 

 cents, we have .S105 ; 300 pounds gain of beef, 

 at six cents, would be $18. 



It may be said that dairying is more expen- 

 sive than steer feeding, and that the latter 

 can be conducted on the cheaper lands of tlie 

 West ; but, as against such considerations, we 

 have others to offset them. Our product is 

 more easily bandied, costs us much less to 

 ship, the cows give us a calf every year, and 

 we have their milk for the pigs. — Eural World. 



THE DAIRY IN PENNSYLVANIA. 



The Secretary of the State Dairymen's As- 

 sociation, which met at West Chester last 

 October, said tliat the membership of the 

 society was principally confined to four coun- 

 ties in the Northwestern part of the State. 

 Among the benefits of holding the late meet- 

 ing in Chester county will doubtless be a re- 

 newal of interest in dairy work in this part of 

 the State, and a largely increased member- 

 ship of the association. 



The meeting of a body of men represent- 

 ing the immense dairy interests of Pennsyl- 

 vania could hardly occur without profit to all 

 the farmers of the State. 1975,689,410 are 

 invested in Pennsylvania farms and improve- 

 ments. Any association which has in view 

 the increase of such a large capital, the de- 

 vising of ways and means to make the invest- 

 ment profitable, must have the respect and 

 support not only of dairymen, but of all the 

 thinking people of the State, for this associa- 

 tion and the dairymen are affording one solu- 

 tion of a serious problem which, ever since 

 the rapid utilization of Western wheat lands, 

 has confronted the Eastern farmer. 



Venango, Mercer, Crawford and Erie, 

 which counties contribute the bulk of the 

 membership of the association, do not equal 

 the older counties in the southeastern corner 

 of the State in the quantity of dairy products. 

 Chester county leads the way with 42,370 milk 

 cows, which, according to the census of 1880, 

 produced in one year 5,758,814 gallons of 



milk, 4,246,655 pounds of butter and 11,296 

 pounds of cheese. Bradford county, with its 

 38,472 cows, made 4,824,656 pounds of butter, 

 but only 469,112 gallons of milk. Crawford 

 county, 31,479 cows, produced 4,510,397 gal- 

 lons of milk, but only 2, 197, .574 pounds of 

 butter ; while in Chester, Lancaster and 

 Montgomery the pounds of butter made do 

 not fall far below the gallons of milk pro- 

 duced, which are but a little way behind the 

 production of Chester county, given above. 

 Delaware county, with only 16,0H8 cows, pro- 

 duces 3,412,439 gallons of milk and 1,428,084 

 pounds of butter ; Montgomery, with 34,918 

 cows, shows a production of 5,534.032 gallons 

 of milk and of butter 4,166,479 pounds ; 

 Bucks, with about the same number of cows, 

 shows in milk 2,307,554 gallons, in butter 

 3,892,430 pounds. It is plain from the amount 

 of capital in the Southeastern counties in- 

 vested in dairying and the value of the yearly 

 product that there is ample room for the 

 Dairymen's Association to grow in this part 

 of the State. 



Besides the practical discussion of the feed- 

 mg and treatment of milch cows, selecting 

 of stock, the care of milk and the making of 

 butler, the members of the association should 

 find time to take a look at the difficulties of 

 farmers not extensive dairymen, who find the 

 profits of their grain crops cut down by 

 Western competition. Tobacco growing, 

 trucking, creameries and dairying are the 

 main reliances offered to the Eastern farmer 

 when grain growmg for the market fails. 

 Some light shed upon the comparative profits 

 of the dairy would be most valuable as a 

 pointer to many farmers who are hesitating 



which way to turn. — Philadelphia Press. 



♦ 



WHAT'S IN A NAME. 



President Wilder struck a note of warning 

 in his address before the meeting of the 

 American Pomological Society, in Pliiladel- 

 phia, when he said we do not need any more 

 long, high-sounding names to our fruits. We 

 have had enough "captains," "colonels," 

 "generals" and "presidents," and there 

 should be no increase of the length of the list 

 of such names as "Stump the World," 

 " Seek-no-Further" and a host of others like 

 them. A name of any fruit should be short 

 and, if possible, descriptive. It is the handle 

 by which the fruits is passed from mouth to 

 mouth and from mind to mind on the written 

 or printed page. The "Early Harvest" ap- 

 ple has a word of meaning in the name, es- 

 pecially to small boys, who, at the time of 

 the ingathering of the oats and other " white 

 grains," know where the trees stand which 

 bear this fruit. If the first word was omitted 

 and the apple was known as the plain "har- 

 vest" its taste would be equally delicious. 

 Contrast the "Snow" with the "Golden 

 Russet of Western New York," the " King of 

 Tompkins County," or the " Westfield Seek- 

 no-Further.'' There is more meaning in the 

 four-letter word "Snow" than in all the 

 others just mentioned. 



The white flesh of this apple, which melts 

 as it is crushed between the teeth, is well 

 described. But wliat idea does the stranger 

 gain of the characteristics of these varieties 

 with the long names. Would not " King" 

 alone do just as well as to limit it to the 



county of Tompkins ? Where is this county, 

 anyway ? and is there any reason why a 

 royal apple should have such a limited king- 

 dom. It may be that the smallest state in 

 the Union needs to have her name kept before 

 the people. But the "Rhode Island Green- 

 ing" is now a standard fruit throughout all 

 New England and elsewhere, and having out- 

 grown the little state — as a boy outgrows his 

 coat — it is only fair that it stands on its own 

 merits as the "Greening." This name thus 

 reduced is descriptive, short and handy, and 

 stands on a level with the " Swaar and 

 "Rambo." 



Among cherries something should be done 

 to i)revent any christening of new varieties 

 with such names as "Napoleon Bigarreau," 

 "Knight's Early Black," or " Monstreuee de 

 Mezel." It would seem as if some persons 

 give their fruits larger names to make up for 

 the deficiency in other and more important 

 directions, just as some parents load their 

 children down for life with a millstone of 

 names, because that is all they will ever be ' 

 able to give them. vVho has not stumbled 

 over the " La Versaillaise" curraiit ? It has 

 been shortened into "Versailles" by some, 

 and after all this wealth of name the authori- 

 ties are not agreed that it is a distinct variety. 

 If we would state that it is the "cherry" 

 under a high-sounding French name, we 

 might not be far from the truth. Tlie next 

 candidate for currant degrees conformed hy 

 the College of Pomologists is " Fays Prolific. 

 "If it is a great bearer it may deserve the 

 name "prolific," but Mr. Fay's name, as the 

 first part of the handle is just so much time 

 and space thrown away. Let us have no- 

 body's this or that. " Mrs. Prince's Black 

 Muscat" grape is, perhaps, not so bad as 

 " Chasselas de.Fontainebleau. " " Maxataw- 

 ney" is a pleasant-sounding name for a white 

 grape when one gets used to it, but it does 

 not taste any better than the " lona" when 

 well grown. 



The "Early Newington Freestone" peach 

 may have a world of meaning in its name, 

 but the man who is pressed for time will 

 probably skip the most of it. It is not to our 

 purpose to go through the whole list of fruits; 

 but it would not be fair to slight the pears in 

 this consideration. The " Beaurre Gris 

 d'Hiver Nouveau" is not a large pear, or 

 long, except as to name, but the " Jalousie 

 de Fontenay Vendee" is long and pyiiform. 

 It originated in France ! It does not taste 

 much bet*^er than the Seckel, and, to my no- 

 tion, if the name of any pear was long 

 enough to reach in single file to the gates of 

 Paradise it would not be so good as the plain 

 little " Seckel." Pears have suffered greatly 

 by their long names — at least their names 

 have been butchered daily by dealers and 

 others, who have not been careful to have a 

 pocket "key" for the proper spelling of the 

 names. " Souvenir du Congress" is a fine 

 pear, and "Duchesse Angouleme" is one of 

 the best, and as some think the only variety 

 suited for dwarfs, but who would have a 

 "Conseiller de la Cour," or a " Fondante dcs 

 Charneuse," under these names, in their or- 

 chard I Perhaps some fruit-namers try to 

 tell too much in a name. Thus we have the 

 " Red Antwerp of the Hudson River" as one 

 variety. Why not add to this, to make the 



