PART II. 



IMPLEMENTS. 



CHAPTER XL 



MOTIVE POWERS OR PRIME MOVERS. 



\T 7ORK done on the farm may be divided into seven 

 classes in those countries where agriculure has attained 

 a very high state of efficiency. These are : (i) Work of man ; 

 (2) Work done by animal-power, viz.^ horses, mules, donkeys, 

 bullocks, &c. ; (3) Work done by wind-power; (4) Work done 

 by water-power; (5) Work done by steam-power; (6) Work 

 done by explosive action of gas and oil engines ; (7) Work 

 done by electricity. 



135. Work of man. Where work has to be done on a 

 large scale the first form of work is the most expensive, the 

 second less expensive, the third still less, and so on. 

 Wherever therefore animal-power, wind-power, water-power, 

 steam-power, &c. can be made use of, the employment of 

 hand-power should be avoided, as a general rule. In this 

 country the management of labour is of very great difficulty. 

 An Indian labourer who will handweed y^th of an acre a day 

 working for himself, can hardly be got to do T V tn f an acre 

 for his employer. Habitual dishonesty in work is the excep- 

 tion rather than the rule in European countries. Apart from 

 this, there is the general advantage of mechanical over hand- 

 power. In hilling an acre of maize or potatoes, for instance, 

 with kodalies the cost comes to Rs. 5 or Rs. 6 near Calcutta, 

 while with a ridging plough or a Hunter hoe the same work 

 can be accomplished at an expenditure of only about 8 to 

 12 annas. Of course, work of such a nature as requires 



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