t '37 ] 



pair of bullocks can work the plough for a few days or only 

 for a few hours at a show-yard, to apparent satisfaction. 



174. Swingles and Yokes. A plough or any other culti- 

 vating instrument is attached in European countries to horses 

 or bullocks by means of a Swingle or Whipple tree or trees 

 and ropes or chains. The yoke to which the further ends of 

 the chains or ropes are attached may be only a single piece 

 of wood going across the necks of the animals, or the fraction 

 at the hump rnay be lightened by having another piece of 

 wood for chest with cross pieces to keep the two in position. 

 The chain or rope to which the whipple-tree is attached is 

 called the draught-rope. The yokes are made of wood with 

 curved notches for the necks of the animals. Yokes furnished 

 with breast-beams (Fig. 17) are used in some provinces. These 

 distribute the resistance to a greater surface and thus lessen the 

 occurrence of yoke-galls. The Bengal method of yoking 



FIG. 17, YOKE, 



FIG. 18. SWINGLE FOR ONE 



ANIMAL. 



FIG. 19. SWINGLE FOR 

 TWO ANIMALS. 



R 



FIG. 20. SWINGLE FOR 

 THREE ANIMALS. 



