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one handful at,the bottom of each plant, after it is fairly 

 well established in the field, Vegetable marrows, beans, 

 maize and potatoes also are specially benefited by this 

 manure. 



fi6). Irrigation is most essential and whenever the land 

 looks dry irrigation must be resorted to followed each time 

 by one wheel-hoeing. 4 to 8 irrigations are needed accord- 

 ing to the climate and the character of the soil. The land 

 should be divided into ridges in making the irrigation chan- 

 nels which will involve loosening of the bases of the plants 

 and earthing them up. 



(17). It is best to buy reliable English seeds or seeds 

 from Mussoorie or some other hill station grown by a well- 

 established and reliable firm, instead of depending on plain 

 seeds though they may be had cheaper. Patna cabbage and 

 cauliflower seeds and Poona onion seeds, however, give very 

 good result. 



(18). Cabbage and turnip seeds like cucumber and 

 melon seeds retain their germinating power for several years, 

 kept protected from insects in a dark receptacle; while 

 seeds of peas, beans, carrots, parsnips and onions are 

 of no use after a year. The germinating power of seeds 

 may be tested by placing them between two pieces of damp 

 flannel kept continuously moist for a weak. 



(19). It is better to sow the seeds of all crops (not 

 merely English vegetables) the seedlings of which are raised 

 in seed-beds i.e. cotton, tobacco, cabbages, lettuce, tomatoes, 

 &c., in narrow shallow drills in the bed, than to sow them 

 broadcast. Young plants grown in drills are much easier to 

 lift and transplant and to keep clean from weeds, and, as a 

 rule, they are hardier. In sowing small sized seeds in seed- 

 beds one quarter to half-an inch of soil above the seed is 

 enough. If the drills are covered in with a little very fine 

 and thoroughly rotten manure, germination takes place 

 quickly and in transplanting some of the manure will be 



