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CHAPTER LXII. 



SYSTEMS OF FARMING. 



\\ 7E have described most of the ordinary agricultural crops. 

 Such crops as Amarantus Anardana ( a cereal eaten 

 on fast days by up-country people ), Sdgs t garden-herbs 

 or spices, which are grown in very small patches, are not 

 dealt with, as it is not known, if their cultivation will pay if 

 they are grown as regular crops. Such crops as tea, opium, 

 coffee, indigo, round-pepper, sugarcane, tobacco &c., which 

 are of exceptional valu* and which respond specially to a 

 large outlay of capital, are best suited for the planting enter- 

 prise, but they should be dealt with in a hand-book like this. 

 Planting differs from farming proper^ in as much as it is 

 concerned with the growing of one valuable crop only. 

 Gardening, on the other hand, differs from both, in as much 

 as the methods, the tools, the manures, used in gardening, 

 are different from those used in farming or planting. A 

 planter is a one crop farmer. A gardener usually grows a 

 great many, crops and flowers. Bat his aim is not to get 

 the maximum amount of nourishing food at the smallest 

 expenditure of capital, but rather to produce the best size, 

 shape, flavour, in fruits, flowers and vegetables, by expensive 

 and highly careful methods of work. The farmer aims at 

 doing without manures, as much as possible, at keeping 

 up the fertility of his land simply by feeding his cattle with 

 nourishing oil-cakes and utilising all the cattle-dung, urine 

 and litter in manuring his fields. By growing legum'inous 

 crops and by adopting a judicious system of rotation, he also 

 tries to avoid the purchase of manures. The farmer's methods 

 of cultivation are also of a wholesale character. He does 

 not aim at straight lines and neat curves, at absolute freedom 

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