t 443 J 



Harvesting (8 coolies at 2 as. a day for 



15 days) ... ... ... 15 o o 



Manure ... ... ... 400 



Rent ... ... ... 10 o o 



TOTAL ... 48 4 o 



692. Manufacture. The products and bye-products of 

 the poppy are: (i) Opium, or the inspissated sap of the 

 unripe capsules. (2) Pasewa, i.e. the moisture and soluble 

 ingredients which drain from the opium. (3) Poppy petals, 

 already spoken of. (4) "Trash" or powder prepared for the 

 dried stems and leaves. (5) Poppy heads or capsules. (6) Seed 

 and oil. 



693. Opium. The capsules are lanced in the afternoon 

 by the cultivator and the members of his family. Three small 

 lan-cet-shaped pieces of iron are bound together with cotton 

 about 3 Vth of an inch alone protruding, so that no discretion 

 may be left to the operator as to the depth of the wound to 

 be inflicted. The incision is made from the top of the stalk 

 to the summit of the pod. Each capsule is lanced 3 or 4 

 times and sometimes as many as 8 or 10 times before all the 

 milk is drawn out of it. The drug is collected early in the 

 following morning into small trowel-shaped scoops of thin 

 iron. The opium is transferred to a metal or earthen vessel 

 and it is taken to the cultivator's house for further manipula- 

 tion. The Pasewa drains off and is kept in a separate ves- 

 sel and the opium is turned over by hand from time to time 

 at intervals of not more than a week. When 25 to 50 Ibs. 

 have been collected it is tied up in double bags of sheeting 

 cloth. One healthy plant may yield as much as 75 grains 

 of opium with 5 to 8 scarifications. An acre will yield 200 

 to 600 Rupees worth of opium to the cultivator, 



694. Pasewa. This is the dark coffee-coloured fluid which 

 collects at the bottom of the vessels in which the freshly 

 collected juice of the capsules is placed by the cultivators 

 when brought home. The shallow vessels are filled to such 



