[ 479 ] 



grinding mill, rotary sieves, shaker sieves, one chute, one 

 agitator, one centrifugal pump for draining water from 

 vats. Tables and calico for drying the roots are raised 

 to the highest part of the building. The cost of erecting 

 an arrow-root mill is about Rs. 18,000, plus Rs. 3,000 for 

 drying and storing shed. 



CHAPTER LXXX. 



PROPAGATION OF TREKS FROM GRAFTS &C. 



'"P HE object of grafting, budding etc., is to propagate any 

 given variety of fruit true to kind, or to convert unsuit- 

 able or unprofitable varieties into suitable or profitable ones. 

 Grafting differs from budding in that, in the latter operation, 

 a bud only is taken, wheYeas in grafting a portion of 

 the previous season's wood that is well ripened, and contain- 

 ing from one to four or more buds, is used. Budding can 

 be successfully carried out only when the stock is in a state 

 of active growth ; but grafting, other than bark (or rind), 

 grafting is most successfully carried out in spring, just 

 previous to the commencement of active growth. 



771. Grafting is applicable to fruit trees of all kinds and 

 sizes, from nursery stock to large trees, different methods 

 being used for different kinds and different sizes of trees. 



772. The following tools should be obtained for graft- 

 ing: ist, a strong pruning knife, having either a straight or 

 curved blade, Saynor's knives being preferred to all others by 

 professional gardeners. 



2nd, a knife having a thin straight blade with which 

 to prepare the scions ; the knife used for budding will answer 

 for this purpose also, if sufficiently strong. 



