3 shillings per bottle of Nitragin, a quantity sufficient to 

 inoculate half an acre to an acre of land. The substance 

 should be used within a month after it is sent out from 

 Germany mixed up with earth and so diluted for even dis- 

 tribution. Experiments conducted in Scotland, however, 

 have shown that Nitragin is not any more effective when used 

 new than when it is used after several months. Dr. Aitken 

 of Edinburgh regards Nitragin as useless for all practical 

 purposes, as none of the Scotch experiments showed any 

 decisive result in its favour. 



CHAPTER CXXIX. 



ANTHRAX AND OTHER VACCINES. 



A NTH RAX and Charbon. There are two diseases, entire- 

 ly different in their origin and manifestations, known 

 as Charbon. In fact, the name Charbon originated from the 

 black-red colour of the muscle which is a characteristic 

 symptom of Charbon-symptomatique> (gald phuld) but not 

 of the Charbon virulent or anthrax (go-basanta or guti). 

 Anthrax should not be called charbon at all, and the syno- 

 nym, splenic apoplexy is perhaps more appropriate, although 

 one of the characters which distinguishes anthrax from 

 Charbon symptomatique is, that whereas in the latter 

 disease the affection is localized, in the former it is sys- 

 temic, although the spleen contains the largest number 

 of the organisms of the disease in the case of anthrax. 

 The Indian name, Ludhiana fever, expresses the systemic 

 character of the disease, but it is also vague. The Bengali 

 names guti and go-basanta are most misleading as the 

 external lesions or guti appear only in a very small pro- 

 portion of cases, and these generally do not prove fatal. In 



