68 How THE FARM PAYS. 



in the rows, of course, which in a short time make the very 

 best vegetable manure by being stirred and worked by the cul- 

 tivator. For mangels it is necessary to thin to single plants 

 by hand afterwards. Turnips are thinned in the same manner, 

 but hand thinning is not necessary if the hoeing is well done. 

 Carrots are thinned exactly the same way, but with what is known 

 as the carrot hoe, which is not over half the width of that used for 

 mangels or turnips. From the nature of the carrot, it is not so 

 easily singled out to one plant as turnips, and it is necessary to run 

 over the rows with the hands after the hoe, to thin out so as to leave the 

 crop standing about five inches apart between the plants. I observed, 

 Mr. Henderson, also, that in your remarks on root crops you have 

 neglected to impress the necessity of firming the soil after sowing, 

 which in our practice, in addition to the roller following the drill, we 

 follow after with a heavy two-horse iron roller eighteen inches in 

 diameter, which covers three rows at a time. 



WHEAT CULTURE. 



Q. The method of raising wheat, I presume, is so well known, that 

 comparatively little can be said about it. In a work of this kind, 

 however, it is necessary to touch on all subjects connected with the 



SMOOTHING AND BRUSH HARROW. 



farm, and this of course with the others. Is wheat much grown on 

 Long Island and vicinity ? 



A. Yes, I think there is as much wheat grown on Long Island as 

 corn. When wheat is to follow corn my method of culture is as 

 follows : The land being plowed about the middle of September, the 

 manure is spread, thoroughly harrowed in, and wheat sown broad- 



