138 How THE FARM PAYS. 



Sewerage and Sewage Utilization Company. The capital stock is fixed 

 at $3,600,000, divided into 36,000 shares. I heartily wish them as 

 much success as has been gained at the City of Pullman, in Illinois, 

 where this sewage is used to fertilize a farm of about 300 acres, with a 

 profit of $8,000 last year, equal to ten per cent, of the whole cost. 

 If the same conditions could be got here as in Scotland and there is 

 no reason why they should not one-fourth more crop ought to be 

 taken in our higher temperature. Wherever the soiling system is prac- 

 ticed we should have our barn-yard composts to put on the Clover fields 

 in lieu of city sewerage. That is within every farmer's reach, and the cart 

 or team should be used both ways, a load of Clover being brought to 

 the barn and a load of manure taken back and spread on the land, 

 repeating this continuously during the entire season. This system 

 has other advantages as well. Cattle fed in their stalls in this manner 

 will give double the quantity of milk, and it is of better quality than 

 when they are driven to pasture. For, when driven to the fields by 

 boys or dogs, they are often recklessly hurried, and as a general 

 rule, in coming from the pasture, especially in the fly season, they 

 will often make a fast run to the barns, and so injure the milk in the 

 udder until it is nearly worthless. All this is avoided by the soiling 

 system. If tied up in their stalls they do not require so much water, 

 and their supply can be regulated more easily; while if let out to 

 pasture, in our dry climate, where water is often scarce, they become 

 heated in going to the tank or pond, and drink too much. 



Q. Is there not sometimes a still later cutting made of the Clover ? 



A. A third cutting is very often made, but rarely for hay, as the 

 seed is greatly more valuable. When the Clover is cut for seed, it is 

 usual to make the second cutting earlier, so as to give ample time for 

 the plants to make blossoms and mature seed by the fall. The 

 Clover is then hard and woody and not of much value for hay, but it 

 will often yield five bushels of seed to the acre ; and as this is worth 

 from $6 to $8 a bushel, and sometimes more, the gain is more than 

 that from all the hay. The seed of Clover is contained in small pea 

 or bean like hulls, and requires a particular method for separating it. 

 The dried crop is threshed in the machine in the usual way and 

 separated from the stems, and the chaff is afterwards hulled by a 

 Clover huller some time during the winter. This is the end of the 

 Clover, excepting upon strong, rich land it may last over the second 

 year and yield the crop of seed the third year. Clover is a biennial 

 upon light soils and poor lands, and cannot be depended upon after 

 the second year, or for more than two crops of hay at the most; but 

 on better and heavier soils it is a short perennial, and may live 

 through the third or even into the fourth year, and give one or two 



