156 How THE FARM PAYS. 



the farm. This is a pound from seventeen pounds, twelve ounces of 

 milk, when the cream was not fully extracted. The sweet milk was 

 left fully equal to ordinary normal milk. This system has since been 

 changed to using two open pans of the same kind, one holding the 

 milk fifteen and the other twenty-two hours; this gets the most high 

 flavored cream for butter, and leaves a very rich milk for calves. 



The thirteen newly imported Guernseys in the above list passed 

 through the storm of August 29th, and were so hardly used by the 

 rough sea that three fine cows died from injuries; all these were, and 

 still are, thin. 



This is a record, not of selected animals, but of every milking cow 

 on the farm. 



ALDERNEY CATTLE. 



Although the cattle known by the name of Alderney are not of 

 themselves of any importance to us, yet it may be well to notice them 

 here, if only for the purpose of removing the quite common impres- 

 sion that this name relates as a synonym to the Jersey cattle. 

 Alderney is the third of the Channel Islands in size, and is but a 

 very insignificant spot, not much larger than a fair sized American 

 farm, and smaller than some. But it possesses a race of cattle that 

 were known as the Alderneys before the Jerseys were ever heard of. 

 Forty or fifty years ago Alderneys were in demand in England for 

 gentlemen's parks as ornamental animals, just as fawns and deer 

 were tamed and kept in such places. These small, graceful cows 

 furnished a small quantity of rich milk for the table, as well as made 

 a pretty picture upon the lawn. As this class of cattle came into 

 repute, Jersey was drawn upon for a supply, but the name Alderney 

 was still retained, until the exportation from Jersey increased very 

 much, and the Jersey cattle became improved in character, so as to 

 make profitable stock for farms. The two races are entirely distinct, 

 although they have some points in common, such as the graceful 

 form, the fawn colors and their rich milk. But the Alderneys are 

 smaller than the Jerseys, less numerous by far, and generally spotted 

 white and fawn in color, while the Jerseys vary very much in 

 their colors. 



AYRSHIRE CATTLE. 



The Ayrshire cow is probably most valuable for the special pro- 

 duction of milk and cheese. In Edinburgh, Glasgow and other large 

 cities of Scotland fresh milk brings six cents per quart, and skimmed 

 milk and buttermilk half that price. In that, climate there is no 



