162 How THE FARM PAYS. 



have so fallen off in the dairy by being bred solely for beef, and have 

 fallen off as beef cattle by being bred too much for fat, shows how a 

 splendid race of cattle may be destroyed by mismanagement. One 

 family only of this breed, known as the Princess family, have now a 

 reputation for milk and butter, although occasionally a few individual 

 cows are found to be good milkers and butter makers. Some of the 

 grade Short Horns are excellent dairy cows. Short Horns are not 

 much used for oxen. They mature, when fed on rich feed, at an 

 early age, but their beef is much better in quality at five or six years 

 old, when they will dress from 1,400 to 1,500 pounds. The Texas 



FAT SHORT HOKN HEIFER. 



cows have been much improved by the use of Short Horn bulls, and 

 in fact, a large proportion of the Western cattle now show the Short 

 Horn cross, which has much improved the native stock of the Western 

 country. 



SWISS CATTLE. 



The Swiss cows I think a great acquisition to our dairy stock. 

 Switzerland is a grand dairy country, and some of the Swiss cows 

 have been bred with great care for many years. Some importations 

 were made a few years ago, and the progeny of these, which have 

 been kept pure, have been scattered considerably through New 

 England, Pennsylvania and some other localities. There are several 

 good sized herds and quite a number of smaller ones, which are 

 gradually enlarging, and I think these cattle will soon be heard of 

 more than they are now. They are something like the Ayrshire in 

 form, but larger and heavier, of a yellow and red color spotted with 

 white; are naturally quiet and docile and heavy milkers; some of 



