8 THE HUMANIZING OF THE BRUTE. 



I clasp your head upon my breast 



The while you whine and lick my hand 

 And thus our friendship is confessed 



And thus we understand. 

 Ah, Blanco! Did I worship God 



As truly as you worship me, 

 Or follow where my Master trod 



With your humility: 

 Did I sit fondly at his feet 



As you dear Blanco sit at mine, 

 And watch him with a love as sweet, 



My life would grow divine." 



These few but telling facts furnish a striking illus- 

 tration of the senseless mania of regarding the animal 

 as a brother of man, his equal in nature aud essence. 

 Indeed, the intelligence of animals is almost universally 

 defended by modern naturalists. Some of them, as 

 Buechner, Eimer, Marshall, and a host of others, 

 whom Prof. W. M. Wheeler justly styles "popular- 

 izers," ascribe even to animals as low as ants a high 

 degree of mental activity, in some respects superior to 

 that of man. Others, as A. Bethe and Uexkuell, 

 maintain that only the higher animals, such as dogs, 

 are endowed with intelligence, whilst the lower ones, 

 as for instance insects, are mere reflex machines, desti- 

 tute of all psychic qualities. Others, finally, as Em- 

 ery, Forel, Morgan, Romanes, Peckham and so forth, 

 attribute intelligence to all animals without exception, 

 but add that this intelligence, though not differing in 

 quality from that of man, is infinitely inferior to it in de~ 

 gree. Only a few, such as Wasmann and Wundt, are 

 convinced that there is no trace of true intelligence, 

 either in the lower or in the higher animals. Prof. 

 Wheeler seems to hold that there is no evidence of 



