21 



condition of many who have cultivated the soil ; " de- 

 clared that " to ensure a more rapid improvement in agri- 

 culture, the system of tenantry must be abolished, and 

 the cultivator must be the owner of the soil ; " and that 

 " the want of chemical knowledge " has " retarded the 

 advancement of agriculture." He recommended the foun- 

 dation of agricultural schools. 



Hon. Henry K. Oliver addressed the Society Septem- 

 ber 30, 1852, at Lawrence. " Let me then commend to 

 you books on farming," said he, " and the farming of 

 books." "And of education, as the bringing-out of the 

 man into all possible physical, intellectual and moral per- 

 fectness, for that is education, may your tongues and 

 mine never cease to speak in terms of highest honor." 



Hon. Joseph S. Cabot, in addressing the Society at 

 Lawrence, September 29, 1853, said: "Agriculture, like 

 every other science, is one of progress, and that, too, in 

 accordance with the greater or less advancement of soci- 

 ety." He also adds : " Whatever means may be adopted 

 for the purpose, one rule with respect to cultivation may 

 be safely laid down as an established axiom, and that is, 

 that no land will produce a remunerative crop unless it 

 contains, or is made to contain, an adequate supply of 

 vegetable nutriment, the labor of cultivation remaining 

 under all circumstances nearly the same." His speech 

 was a valuable essay on fruit culture. 



R. S. Fay, Esq., spoke at Lawrence, September 28, 

 1851. He urged the use of labor-saving machines, and 

 a liberal supply of manure. He said also : " The estab- 

 lishment of regular markets or Fair days throughout the 

 county, at the most accessible points, would be a very 

 great advantage to a farming community like ours." He 



