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from the sides, will not produce good roots, but generally 

 tops, with only a tap root of no value. But turnips de- 

 signed for late keeping should have the tops pared close 

 and the tap root cut off to prevent sprouting, which 

 causes a turnip to become corky. Cabbage seed should 

 never be grown from stumps, but from a sprout issuing 

 from the centre of a perfectly developed head. A me- 

 dium crop of vegetables, the result of three or four cords 

 ■of manure per acre, may pay expenses ; but it is the 

 large crops, requiring from seven to twelve cords of well 

 rotted or composted manure per acre, with clean culture 

 that afford the profit. Green manure is wholly unfit for 

 the culture of vegetables. 



To illustrate the importance of high culture and thor- 

 •ough-bred seed, I will mention an instance that has come 

 under my notice the present season. Mr. David Went- 

 zeli, of Salem, has two acres of onions, to which he ap- 

 plied fifteen cords of muscle mrtia?^ ^^^^ ^i"®^ quality, and 

 twenty-five cords of well rotted stable manure, measured 

 as thrown lightly into the cart without treading, and 

 probably equal to eighteen cords trodden. lie sowed 

 the very best qualit}^ of known thorough-bred seed, on 

 an acre and three quarters, then sowed seed grown by a 

 neighbor, of as good quality as the average used ; not 

 having quite enough, he bought more at a seed store to 

 finish the field. All came up equally well. On the part 

 sown with thorough-bred seed there is scarcely an imper- 

 fect onion, and the crop is the largest in the vicinity. On 

 the part sown with good seed, the onions are tea days 

 later, of inferior quality, and less quantity, and valued at 

 twenty-five per cent, less than the first. On the part 

 sown with seed from the store, (which probably was of 

 .about the qualit}^ usually in the market), the onions 



